Why did France surrender in World War II?

France surrendered on June 22, 1940, and at the same time established the pro-Nazi "Vichy France" headed by Marshal Pétain. As Britain feared that the French fleet would be captured by Germany, Britain sent a fleet to sink the French fleet, thus creating hostile relations between Vichy France and the Allies! In World War II, there was non-resistant France and resistant France. When France was about to be defeated after the German invasion of Paris in June 1940, World War I hero Pétain became deputy prime minister, blackmailed Prime Minister Reynaud into giving up his position and surrendering to Germany, and his homeland was divided into occupation zones and autonomous zones. after France signed the Armistice of Compiègne with Germany on June 22, 1940, the "government" was relocated to Vichy, in the central part of France, and on July 10 the National Assembly was coerced into giving up its position and surrendering to Germany. On July 10, the National Assembly was coerced to pass the deposition of the Third **** and the establishment of the "French State", Pétain became head of state, labeled "labor, family, motherland", and carried out a "national revolution". "The Navy refused to send a detainee to a third country. The navy refused to be interned in a third country or to join the Royal Navy, and was attacked by Britain. The remaining fleet basically returned to its home port of Toulon and remained neutral, while diplomatic relations with Britain were severed (but diplomatic relations with the United States were maintained). Most of its African colonies were also retained. The Vichy government was successively led by Reifar, Flandin, . Darlan. It set up special ministries and tribunals in the territories of France, which accounted for about 1/3 of the territory of France. It suppressed all patriotic movements and abolished the freedom of election, speech and press. The trade unions were banned and a fascist dictatorship was imposed in imitation of the establishment of Mussolini's general state. Externally, they completely surrendered to Nazi Germany, maintained close relations with Franco of Spain, supported the "New Order" set up by Hitler in Europe, and sent "volunteer armies" to fight against the Soviet Union. At that time, all countries except Britain recognized the Vichy Government as the government representing France. In July 1942, Britain and the U.S. decided to carry out Operation Torch, an attack on North Africa, with General Dwight D. Eisenhower as Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Expeditionary Force. The two armies landed in Algiers, Oran and Casablanca in French North Africa on November 8, capturing the major coastal ports, and then landed troops in Algiers to seize Tunisia to the east. At this time, the Allies secured the non-resistance of Darlan, the governor of the Vichy government, and Hitler carried out the occupation of the whole of France. The Vichy government handed over all its dominions to the German occupation, and the navy sank itself in the harbor of Toulon to maintain its honor. After the Allies (including the 7th Free French Army) landed in France from the south of France in August 1944, the Vichy Government moved to Sigmaringen in Germany and collapsed the following year. Many officials and members of the Vichy government were wanted and imprisoned by the French government after the war. Reval was sentenced to death after the war, and Pétain was originally sentenced to death, but was pardoned by Charles de Gaulle and sentenced to life imprisonment because of his service in World War I. He was imprisoned in a fortress on an island in the mid-Atlantic Ocean until he died of his illness. De Gaulle became the centerpiece of the French Resistance. After the outbreak of the Second World War, de Gaulle served as a tank brigade commander in the French 5th Army, and in May 1940 became a brigadier general in the 4th Armored Division, where he made a proposal to build mechanized forces in response to Germany's blitzkrieg tactics, but it was not taken seriously. At the fall of France, de Gaulle was adamant about resisting the German invaders, but he was isolated in the French government of the time. On June 6 of the same year, he became Undersecretary of State at the Ministry of Defense and advocated resistance to Nazi Germany's attack, and later refused to sign the German-French armistice agreement. The Germans left for England after the occupation of Paris. Pétain government of General de Gaulle "treason" trial in absentia, imprisonment from four years to death. On June 18, 1940, de Gaulle made his first radio address to France from London, calling on his compatriots to continue the war under his leadership. on June 25, he founded and led the French National Council (later renamed the Government of Free France and the French National Liberation Committee). on July 14, France's National Day, General de Gaulle reviewed the first batch of "Free France" fighters. Free French" fighters. A week later, the first batch of Free French pilots took part in the bombing of the Ruhr area. 1943, the Free French headquarters moved from London to Algiers, took office as the President of the French National Liberation Committee. 1943, May, 16 political parties and groups, such as the *** Proletarian Party, formed the National Council of the Resistance (CNR) with the French domestic ****, De Gaulle sent a representative to the country. De Gaulle's representative to the country made Moutain the first president. By March 44, the armed forces of the French domestic resistance organizations united into a unified army of the interior, de Gaulle's overseas corps was mainly composed of troops retreating from Dunkerque British troops and patriots, North Africa anyway, with the Allies and the Germans to fight, the army establishment composition to the level of the group army. Many fighters traveled to the Soviet Union to support the war against Germany, such as the famous "Normandy" Flying Corps. August 25, 1944, the liberation of Paris, returned to Paris three days later, as President of the provisional government and Minister of Defense. 1945 May, Germany surrendered, de Gaulle in the name of the French provisional government, and the Allies to accept the surrender of Germany, and have to the German occupation zone.

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