What were the ancient crafts and manufactures of China

1. Copper smelting: from the period of Erlitou culture to the end of the Spring and Autumn period, it was the bronze age in China, and the bronze casting technique was quite mature in the Shang and Zhou periods.

2. Iron smelting: During the Spring and Autumn Period, people invented the technology of smelting pig iron and steel.

3. Fuel: people used charcoal as fuel before the Han Dynasty, coal was used as fuel from the Han Dynasty, popularized in the Northern Song Dynasty, transformed to use coke at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and became popular in the Ming Dynasty.

II. Textile industry:

Silk weaving: people learned the technology of raising silkworms and reeling silk in the ancient times, from the Western Zhou Dynasty, the silk weaving industry soared, and it became a silk country in the Han Dynasty until the woofing technology appeared in the Tang Dynasty.

For example: Gaoqiao Hand Embroidery

Gaoqiao Hand Embroidery has a simple and thick shape, simple and generous, while using a strong contrast of big red, green and purple, colorful but not vulgar.

Gaoqiao hand embroidery, which first originated from Nanling in Shushui, has a history of more than 260 years. It is different from Suzhou embroidery and Jiangnan woof, but combines the flat decorative nature of embroidery with the three-dimensional sense of sculpture. Its shape is simple and thick, concise and generous, slightly exaggerated; at the same time it is contrasted with big red, green and purple, which is colorful but not vulgar, and the shape is vivid and lively, with a strong color of festivity. Hand-embroidery in Gaoqiao is extremely common, down to young girls, up to the old woman, can take out the embroidery needle flying needle and thread some.

2. Cotton textile industry: the end of the Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, the cultivation of cotton to the Mainland, the Yuan Dynasty, Huang Daobao began to promote the "Han bullet textile", she invented the foot three spindle spinning wheel to replace the hand-cranked one spindle spinning wheel, advanced technology to make the Yuan and Ming period of Songjiang became the center of the country's cotton textile industry. In the late Ming Dynasty, cotton cloth became the main source of clothing for people.