Buildings with national characteristics

Mongolian yurt is a kind of house where Mongolian herders live. Convenient construction and relocation, suitable for animal husbandry production and nomadic life. In ancient times, Mongolian yurts were called vaults, "felt bags" or "felt tents". According to "A Brief Introduction to the Black Tartars", "There are two types of treasury: Yanjing's system and Vitamin's bone.

Just like the thinking of southerners, you can roll up and open the door in front of you, like an umbrella with a hole in it. This hole is called a skylight. It's all covered with felt and can be installed immediately. The grass system is made of willow into a hard circle, and the diameter is determined by the felt tart. It can't be rolled up and put in the car. "

Second, the felt house

Mongolian yurts are called "Bozaiyu" in Kirgiz and "Keyizayu" in Kazakh. It is not only convenient to carry, but also durable and comfortable to live in, with the characteristics of cold, rain and earthquake prevention.

Indoor air and light are abundant, which has been deeply loved by nomadic people for thousands of years. Because it is made of white felt and the felt room is very well decorated, people call it the White Palace. It is an important creation of nomadic people. Dome tents where people live in pastoral areas are made of felt covered with wooden frames.

Third, Kangba dwellings

Kangba folk house is an office built by Kangba people with local materials, which makes their houses depend on this land. Tents made of white cloth or canvas in summer are suitable for wind and cold in winter in yak hair.

In low-altitude agricultural areas, building materials are abundant, and many houses adopt the structure of combining earth walls, stone walls and wooden walls, and carefully depict walls, beams, eaves, doors and windows. Two ancient architecture sites of Neolithic Tibetan ancestors were discovered in Tibetan areas of China.

One is the Karuo cultural site discovered in Karuo Village, Changdu County, Xizang Autonomous Region in 1977. Another site was found in Zhonglu Township, Danba County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province 1988.

Four, dry column building

Gan Lan-style architecture, that is, Gan Lan's nest residence, is the architectural style of ancient people, especially Baiyue tribe in the south, that is, houses built on wooden (bamboo) column underframes above the ground.

The earliest balustrade building discovered by archaeology is Hemudu balustrade building, which was popular in Baiyue tribal residential area in the south in ancient times. This kind of building is mainly made of bamboo and wood, and it is mainly a two-story building. The lower floor is full of animals and sundries, and people live on the upper floor.

Dry-column buildings can resist earthquakes and so on. There are also names such as Gan Lan, Gan Lan, Gaolan, Glen and Glen in China's ancient history books, all of which are translated from Guyue phonetics. In addition, grid dwelling, nest dwelling, etc. What is mentioned in the general literature generally refers to the dry column building.

Five, thousand feet landing room

Popular in Nujiang, Gongshan and other places in Yunnan. Usually, dozens of wooden stakes are erected on slopes or backings, covered with wooden boards or bamboo fences, and double-sloping roofs are covered with wooden boards or thatch. Rectangular, generally divided into two layers, the upper layer lives in people, and the lower layer raises livestock or piles up sundries.

Nu people's houses are dry-fence-style, and most of them are built on the mountain. Most Nu people in Gongshan area live in wooden houses or semi-wooden houses with half earth walls. This kind of house is relatively spacious, generally with piles of logs as walls and thin slate roofs.

The slate is about 0.5 meters square, spread under the eaves, the first piece is laid flat, the second piece is pressed on the first piece, and the third piece is pressed on the second piece to cover the roof. The Nu people in Fugong and Lushui areas live in bamboo houses. This kind of house is relatively short, mostly with bamboo rafts as external walls and partitions, covered with wooden boards or slates.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-thousands of feet Landing Room

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ganlan Architecture

Baidu encyclopedia-kangba dwellings

Baidu encyclopedia-felt house

Baidu encyclopedia-Mongolia Mongolian yurt