How to pile all kinds of rockeries in the garden?

The principles of landscape creation can be summarized as follows:

1, according to local conditions. The treatment of landscape should follow the principle of adapting to local conditions, that is, the mountain is suitable and the water is suitable. Give priority to with the use of the original terrain, appropriate transformation. There are many classical gardens in China that are good examples of gardening according to local conditions. Wanshou Mountain (formerly known as Wengshan) in the Summer Palace in Beijing is the remnant vein of the Western Hills in Beijing. Before Qingyi Garden (the predecessor of the Summer Palace) was built, Shannan was low-lying, and nearby Yuquan and Longquan gathered to form Wengshan Park. When Qingyi Garden was built in the 15th year of Qianlong (1750), it was reconstructed in combination with water conservancy construction, and the east and west were deepened and widened. Except for the three islands and the east and west dikes on the lake, some of the excavated lakes are located at the foot of Wengdong Mountain. Another river was dug at the northern foot of Mount Weng (formerly known as Houxi River, that is, Future Lake), and a series of mounds were piled up along the wall of the North Garden. After these transformations, the original monotonous terrain suddenly changed, forming a trend of mountains surrounded by water.

2. Learn from nature. Garden landscape creation should draw lessons from nature and take rich and colorful natural landforms as the blueprint; In other words, to use the so-called "taking the truth as the false" to shape the landscape, we should inherit the traditional water control methods in China, and "confuse the false with the true" to make the landscape "made by people and more natural than nature".

3. Logical. When arranging the landscape, we should comprehensively consider the position, orientation, shape, size and depth of the landscape, and the relationship between mountains, mountains and flat land, mountains and water. The landscape twists and turns of the whole park should conform to the laws of nature. Geomorphology creation should determine the slope of mountain or water bank according to the different properties of soil to make it stable and lasting.

4. Overall consideration. The landscape should not only pay attention to its own shape, but also create suitable sites for buildings and other engineering facilities in the garden, and pay attention to retaining topsoil during construction to facilitate the growth of plants. In landscaping, the landform should be coordinated with other scenery, and the landscape should be decorated with buildings and plants; Buildings and other facilities in the park also need the contrast between mountains and rivers.

Creative steps

Before landscape creation, we should collect relevant information, such as the original topographic map, the planning drawings around the garden foundation, and hydrological, soil, meteorological and other information. Landscape creation can be roughly divided into three steps: phase separation, design and construction.

1, phase grounded. One of its tasks is to know the situation of the whole garden base in detail and check the accuracy of topographic map accordingly; The second is to observe the terrain, evaluate the shape and situation, mark useful and characteristic points on the map for reference, and comprehensively consider the layout of the scenery in the garden according to the terrain characteristics and the requirements of building the garden.

2. Design. Garden is an integral part of urban construction. The design of landscape should be in accordance with the requirements of urban planning, and with the cooperation of relevant urban construction departments, the landscape in the garden should have a reasonable relationship with the surrounding environment in elevation, such as the determination of the elevation of the park entrance square and garden road, the relationship between the water body in the park and the urban water system, the determination of the highest water level, the normal water level and the lowest water level elevation of the water body, and the removal of rainwater and sewage in the park. If the garden base (or scenic spot) is located in the mountainous area, we should also consider intercepting and diverting mountain torrents.

In order to facilitate earthwork calculation and construction drawing production, topographic design drawings should be compiled separately, and their scale is the same as other drawings; The scale of drawings with complex terrain should be enlarged appropriately. For gardens with simple terrain and small earthwork, terrain design can also be expressed on the same design drawing with other design contents. Earthwork quantity calculation is an indispensable part of landscape design, so it is necessary to calculate the specific excavation and filling quantity, and strive to achieve the local balance of excavation and filling in the garden. The commonly used calculation methods are section method (contour plane method and longitudinal section method) and grid method. The former is suitable for earthwork calculation of natural landscape gardens, while the latter is suitable for earthwork calculation of large-scale site leveling. Earthwork construction drawing is the main basis for construction. In landscape design, the position, shape, depth and geomorphic state of mountains and water bodies are usually represented by contour lines.

Sometimes in order to understand the designed terrain more intuitively, a model can be made according to the design drawing.

3. architecture. The construction methods of landscape reconstruction can generally be divided into manual construction and mechanical construction. Main projects such as digging lakes and piling mountains or leveling sites generally use machinery first.

There are various ups and downs in the garden green space. In formal gardens, it is generally manifested as terraces and levels with different elevations; In natural gardens, plains, hills, peaks, basins and other landforms are often formed due to topographic relief. So what role can landscape play? Simply put, there are four points:

1. The water surface formed by natural drainage of the terrain provides various garden uses, and has the functions of irrigation, drought resistance and disaster prevention;

2. Improve plant planting conditions; Provide dry, humid, even underwater, cloudy, sunny, gentle, steep and other diverse environments;

3. Create various topographical environments needed for garden activities and construction;

4. Organize garden space to form a beautiful garden landscape.