What does environmental design mainly say?

Environmental art has a wide range of connotations, including not only works of art aimed at beautifying the environment, but also event art, landscape art and what is called landscape art in architectural circles. In other words, everything people hear and see is an element of the environment. For example, mountains, water, grass and wood in nature, artificially created buildings, municipal facilities, posters and advertisements, and even people's own daily behaviors, such as clothing, shopping, leisure and sports, are all landscapes in the environment.

"Environmental art" is a comprehensive category, which refers to the comprehensive planning of space planning and artistic conception scheme of environmental art engineering, including environment and facilities planning, space and decoration planning, modeling and architecture planning, material and color planning, lighting and lighting planning, use function and aesthetic function planning [2]. The famous environmental art theorist D'Aubert (Richard P? 6? 1Dober) explained: "As an art, environmental design is bigger than architecture, more extensive than planning, and more emotional than engineering. This is a nosy and all-encompassing art, and tradition has long noticed it. The practice of environmental art is closely related to the ability to influence the environment, to endow the environment with visual order, and to improve and decorate the field of human existence. "

As a new discipline, environmental art design has been paid more and more attention in Europe and America since World War II. It is the product of the combination of science, economy and art with the high development of industry and commodity economy in the 20th century. It unifies the practical function and aesthetic function into one step.

Designers believe that art design is a creative activity that combines art and technology perfectly. It is precisely because of this feature that designers have cultivated their interest in the forefront of technological development and exploration and creation in their long-term design work. Architects, engineers, sculptors, painters, musicians, lighting engineers, gardeners, craftsmen, etc. They can take environmental art as their own responsibility and understand it from different angles based on their own expertise. * * * knowledge includes the following aspects:

Nature is natural environment: nature is natural environment, that is, the first environment; Urban and rural buildings and their indoor space are artificial environment, that is, the second environment; Gardens, farms, reservoirs, etc. Is the third environment, using nature, giving a little artificial help. Generally speaking, environmental art refers to the artificial environment.

Taking art as the skeleton, formal beauty such as modeling, light color, scale, proportion, weight and texture is the basic vocabulary of environmental art, and factors such as function, air, sound, temperature and smell must also be considered comprehensively. Therefore, the so-called "art" is not only visual, auditory and olfactory, but also static and dynamic, and it is an uncooperative comprehensive creation.

Architecture is the main carrier and embodiment: for the environment, architecture focuses on the relationship between itself and the first environment. This feature determines the division of labor between architects and artists, and also exposes their intellectual shortcomings. Only by integrating the functions that architects pay attention to with the aesthetics that artists pay attention to can environmental art succeed. A new generation of environmental art talents should have all-round intelligence to avoid the common problems that architects pay more attention to monomer, planners ignore details and artists ignore practicality and technology.

The unity of "scenery" and "emotion": "scenery" refers to the choice of natural landscape and the creation of humanistic landscape, so that the environment can be integrated into the scenery and become the epitome of national tradition or the collection of modern civilization. In view of its huge volume, rich information and relatively long existence time, environmental art is the most intuitive representation of a country and a nation. In the design and creation of environmental art, designers always lose no time to devote themselves to emotion, embody humanistic feelings, raise the environment to artistic conception, pursue the emotional appeal in the environment, set off the national style, or embody the designer's personality.

Harmonious unity between man and nature: "Man is the son of nature" reveals the inseparable relationship between man and nature. On the other hand, all buildings protect people by relatively isolating people from nature, preventing people from "sleeping in the wind" and "wearing a shawl of stars and moons". Any man-made environment means the transformation and destruction of the natural environment. Environmental art is to rebuild the harmonious relationship between man and nature in this improvement and destruction. "People first, things should be used by people". Construction sites are more conducive to people's physical and mental health. The treatment of shape, color, sound, light and gas is to make people happy; Roads, stairs, doors and windows should be convenient for people to enter and exit. Furniture, shopping malls, garages, garbage stations and other supporting facilities should also consider people's behavior and habits.

The development direction of environmental art design: environmental art design can be divided into two aspects: material form and ideology. Material form mainly refers to the material elements that constitute the environmental landscape, and these material elements can be divided into different types according to different materials. Ideology mainly refers to the spiritual factors that influence and guide people's behavior, such as religious beliefs, folk customs, aesthetic concepts, social systems, ethics and so on. The relationship between the elements of environmental design is like the biological chain of biological community, which maintains the germination of all natural things and is in a state of dynamic balance. This state is precisely the goal that modern environmental art design should pursue, and its task is to design an optimized "man-environment system" to show the existence, balance and development of man and environment at a new high level.

Environmental art design includes space image design, decoration design, indoor physical environment design and display design.

(1) Spatial image design is the overall design of spatial structure, which solves the structural problems such as spatial scale, proportion and coordination.

(2) The concrete implementation of the overall design of decoration design. According to the overall design of space structure, walls, floors, ceilings, partitions, etc. Received treatment;

(3) Indoor physical environment design, which solves the engineering design of indoor ventilation, heat preservation and temperature regulation. This is an important aspect to ensure the indoor environment quality;

(4) Interior furnishings design includes furniture, lamps, fabrics, artistic furnishings, green plants, etc.

The ability requirements of environmental art designers: spatial imagination; Clear thinking; Have innovative consciousness and strong communication skills; Strong hands-on ability; Full of team spirit. Have systematic professional basic theoretical knowledge, good overall environmental awareness and comprehensive aesthetic quality, master the methods and skills of system design, and have creative thinking and comprehensive expression ability. By mastering the typical design of traditional and modern styles, master the basic methods of indoor space modeling, interface decoration design and exhibition art design. Establish a complete concept of space and scale, and have the ability to use materials and technology reasonably.