Grape planting scientific row spacing and plant spacing is how many meters

Grape planting row spacing: mediocre growth varieties should be used double cross V-shaped frame, row spacing 2.5 meters, plant spacing 1.2 to 1.5 meters, 170 to 250 plants per acre. The growth of vigorous varieties should be used trellis, row spacing 3 meters, plant spacing 1 ~ 1.5 meters, planted 150 ~ 220 plants per acre.

Grape artificial planting

Topographical conditions

1, latitude and altitude: most of the world's vineyards are distributed in the north latitude between 20 to 52 degrees and south latitude between 30 to 45 degrees, the vast majority of the northern hemisphere, the altitude is generally in the 400 to 601 meters. China's grapes are mostly in the north latitude 30 to 43 degrees between the altitude of the greater variation, about 200 to 1000 meters, Hebei Huailai grape distribution height of 1100 meters, Shanxi Qingxu up to 1200 meters, Tibet Shannan area up to 1500 meters above. Latitude and altitude are important factors that affect temperature and heat on a large scale.

2, slope direction and slope: in the case of similar conditions in the general terrain, the microclimate of different slope direction has obvious differences. Usually southward (including due south, northwest and southeast) slopes are subject to more light and heat, higher weekday temperatures. The warming effect of sloping land is closely related to its slope. In general, each degree of slope to the south is equivalent to advancing one degree of latitude. The angle of the slope that receives the most heat is about 20 to 35 degrees (in the range of 40 to 50 degrees north latitude). Grapes are more suitable for cultivation on slopes than other fruit trees because they are more resistant to drought and thin soils that can develop root systems in a relatively small area, however, the greater the slope the more serious the soil erosion, therefore, when planting grapes should be prioritized to land with slopes of less than 20 to 25 degrees.

3, the impact of water: the ocean, lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other large waters, due to the absorption of solar radiation energy, heat capacity is larger, the daytime and summer temperatures lower than land, while the night and winter temperatures are higher than inland. As a result, the climate along the shores of adjacent waters is milder, with a longer frost-free period. Vineyards near large bodies of water have good berry color and quality due to the large amount of blue-violet and ultraviolet light reflected from deep water, so choose vineyards as close as possible to large lakes, rivers and oceans.

Soil conditions

Grapes can be grown on a wide variety of soils, such as sandy wasteland, riverbanks, saline soils, and rocky slopes, but different soil conditions have different effects on the growth and fruiting of grapes.

Climatic factors

It is one of the main indicators of regionalization of grape varieties. The French believe that only grapes cultivated in a particular soil can produce world-famous wines with special flavors. But for the world's vast grape-producing areas, this kind of soil for grape zoning situation, does not have the universality and absoluteness. The factors affecting the quality of grapes and wine are comprehensive. In most cases, it is the climate that plays a dominant role in the growth of the grapes, the fruit and the quality of the wines, and it is the climate that has become the most important and the most active of these factors. Weather conditions such as light, quantity and precipitation are all necessary for grape growth and fruiting, especially in the summer and fall.

Light: Solar energy is the only energy source for photosynthesis in grapes. It is the power of the energy and material cycle of grapes, 90% to 95% of grape yield and quality comes from photosynthesis. The real consumption of solar energy in photosynthesis in many cases, has not reached 1% of the total energy of the sun. In China, the utilization rate of solar energy in the average vineyard is only about 0.5%. Grapes are a light-loving crop, and for thousands of years they have been trellised and shaped and pruned to give them more abundant and reasonable light.

Temperature: Temperature (heat) is the most important meteorological factor affecting the growth and fruiting of grapes. Grapes are warm temperate plants and require considerable heat. Grape growing period (from bright buds to paddle fruit ripening) need the average monthly temperature of 10 degrees above the active cumulative temperature, depending on the varieties and there are differences. Temperature also has an important influence on the process of growth and fruiting. High temperatures can harm grapes, but not nearly as much as low temperatures, which are a common problem in viticulture around the world and limit the areas where grapes can be grown. Grapes are generally cultivated in the northern hemisphere between 20 degrees north latitude to 51 degrees. European grape varieties are cultivated in the northern limit of the Rhine Valley in Germany, and the southern boundary of cultivation extends to India. In the southern hemisphere, grapes are mainly cultivated between 20 degrees and 40 degrees south latitude. The limiting factors in the expansion of European grape cultivation towards the equator are high temperatures, disease and lack of sufficient cold temperatures to induce dormancy. The main constraints to the expansion of European grapes towards the poles are the short growing season, insufficient ripening of fruit and vines, and resistance to low winter temperatures.

Precipitation: The abundance and seasonal distribution of precipitation strongly influences the growth and development of the grapes, their yield and quality. In some areas, for certain cultivars, seasonal variations in precipitation are one of the most important climatic factors in the regionalization of grape varieties. Seasonal changes in precipitation, due to the world's different climate types. And show significant differences. Seasonal distribution of precipitation in the Mediterranean climate is characterized by: summer and fall drought. Winter and spring rain. China's main viticulture area of the climate for the monsoon climate (except in Xinjiang), high temperatures and rain in the summer, the south of the spring rainy weather heavier viticulture difficulties. In addition to Xinjiang, unfavorable to the grape, water stress phenomenon on the grape performance is very significant.