Qing dynasty officials clothes pattern are what?

China's civil and military officials in the Qing Dynasty wore complementary clothing, in the clothing of the chest and back are decorated with a silk screen embroidered with birds or beasts, called "complement". It is also due to the skills of silk embroidery, dyeing techniques, became a work of art.

Decorated with animal and bird motifs to differentiate between the ranks of officials first originated in the Tang Dynasty Empress Wu Zetian period. Prior to this, the official uniforms are mostly used in the system and color system, is the number of ornaments and the color of clothing to distinguish between levels. Wu Zetian gave embroidered robes decorated with animal prints to civil and military officials as a way to differentiate between grades and official positions. This idea changed the image of the hierarchy of court dress, so that people know at a glance.

Early Qing dynasty, only the military officials for the complementary service system, and the complementary can be randomly woven in the morning coat, short coat, leather coat, riding coat above. To the Shunzhi nine years later, the production of complementary clothing has changed, almost entirely inherited the customization of the Ming Dynasty, only individual patterns have been deleted. Officials at all levels to fill the dress for the stone green color, style is also consistent, for the round neck, lapel, flat sleeves over the elbow, the length of the body over the knee, the difference lies only in the shape of the filler and the different patterns.

The Qing Dynasty patch directly from the Ming Dynasty, but there are developments and changes, the main difference between the two, first of all, lies in the type of system. Ming Dynasty, the patch applied to the robe, the Qing Dynasty, the patch for the coat. Ming clothing for the group collar shirt, chest patch is a complete piece, Qing clothing is a lapel coat, chest patch was divided into two. The Ming Dynasty patch has a separate weaving to the patch on the dress, there are also directly woven and embroidered beforehand in the patch on the dress, the Qing Dynasty is a separate weaving and embroidery and then sewed to the patch on the coat. Ming dynasty patch about 40 cm square, the Qing dynasty patch is slightly smaller, about 30 cm square; and then there is the Ming dynasty patch more to red and other plain colors for the base, gold embroidery, the Qing dynasty patch is to green, black, crimson and other dark colors for the base, colorful embroidery, colorful. Ming Dynasty filler surrounded by more light edge, the Qing Dynasty filler surrounded by fine processing, more lace, and has a decorative effect. Ming dynasty civil officials below the fourth rank of the patch, more embroidered with a pair of birds, the birds and animals of the Qing dynasty are embroidered single.

The Ming dynasty's patch is only decorated in the chest and back, the Qing dynasty clan's round patch is not only decorated with the chest, there are also decorated in the shoulders above.

Embroidered in the Qing dynasty official clothes on the patch, is to identify the rank of the officials of a mark. It is only the complexity of embroidery and color differences. The patch exists with the official position, and by the court's restrictions, can not be produced in large quantities. Therefore it has extremely high craftsmanship and historical value. Today, it has become a valuable collection of cultural relics.

Officials embellished with embroidered patches of different patterns, mainly civilian officials with flying birds, military officials with beasts, to show the mighty momentum of the military officials. The official's wife for the court, also with the husband's son-in-law rank, can be in the formal cape chest, back part of the decorative patches.

Supplement round and square supplement two kinds. Round patch for the Prince of the Emperor above, on the five-clawed gold dragon pattern, respectively, decorated on the left and right shoulders and chest and back. Square patches are used for civil and military officials.

Civilian officials embellished with embroidered patches were: first-class cranes, second-class brocade chicken, third-class peacock, fourth-class wild goose, fifth-class white pheasants, sixth-class herons, seventh-class (bac + chicken) (bac + bundle + bird), eighth-class quail, ninth-class practice sparrow.

Warlord embellished with embroidered patches were: first-class unicorn, second-class embroidered lion, third-class embroidered leopard, fourth-class embroidered tiger, fifth-class embroidered bear, sixth-class embroidered puma, seventh-class embroidered rhinoceros, eighth-class and seventh-class embroidered rhinoceros, ninth-class embroidered seahorses.

The Qing dynasty's complementary clothing system is strict, no one shall overstep. Nian Juan Yao's son for wearing four groups of dragons patchwork clothing item, in the conviction of Nian Juan Yao, there is this item: "not his people, shall not be served in their clothes, and to comply with the ritual."

At that time, there were also officials due to their low position, in order to improve their status, privately looking for embroidery production. Processing plant Qing court three orders prohibit private production of higher than their official position of the patch, but for the sake of profit still have fake things happen. The production of these patches of institutions, is the royal specializing in the weaving of silk and brocade weaving Yamen. The Royal Weaving Office gathered the world's skilled craftsmen, who used and inherited the exquisite weaving and embroidery techniques with various kinds of embroidery silk and color materials to weave and embroider traditional costumes that were famous all over the world. These patches have now become precious cultural relics and art treasures.