Architectural style of Tibetan folk houses

Tibetans are brave, heroic, bold and enthusiastic people with a long history and culture in our national family. It mainly lives in the Sichuan-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of nearly 4 kilometers, where mountains are continuous and snow peaks overlap. The famous Yangtze River, Yellow River, Yarlung Zangbo River, Nujiang River and Lancang River all originate from here and flow through here. The typical traditional form of Tibetan folk houses is the diaofang, and there is a record of "building a house with tired stones" in the Biography of Southwest Famine, which shows that Tibetan diaofang has been formed since the Eastern Han Dynasty and has become a dignified, calm and lofty folk house style one after another to show the Tibetan people's enthusiastic pursuit of ideals and lofty aesthetic tendency.

The most representative Tibetan folk house is the diaofang. Bunkers are mostly stone and wood structures, with dignified and steady appearance and simple and rough style; The outer wall shrinks upward, and if it is built on a mountain, the inner slope is still vertical. Bunkers are generally divided into upper and lower floors, and the number of rooms is calculated by columns. The bottom floor is a barn and a storage room, and the floor height is low; The second floor is the residential floor, and the large suite, bedroom, kitchen and small room are storage rooms or stairwells. If there is a third floor, it will be used as a lecture hall and terrace. Because it looks like a bunker, it is called a bunker.

The bunker has the characteristics of firmness, tight structure and neat corners, which is not only beneficial to wind and cold protection, but also convenient to prevent the enemy from stealing.

Tents are very different from bunkers, which are a special architectural form adopted by Tibetans in pastoral areas to adapt to the mobile lifestyle of living on weeds. Ordinary financial offices are generally short, square or rectangular in plane, supported by wooden sticks, and the frame is about 2 meters high; Laying black yak carpet, leaving gaps about 15 cm wide and 1.5 m long for ventilation and lighting; Pull it left and right with yak rope and fix it on the ground; Around the inside of the tent, a low wall with a height of about 50 cm is built with grass mud blocks, adobe or pebbles, and highland barley, ghee bags and dried cow dung (for fuel) are piled on it. The furnishings in the tent are simple, with a stove in the middle and a Buddha statue in the back. The surrounding ground is covered with sheepskin for sitting, lying and resting. The tent has the characteristics of simple structure, easy support, flexible disassembly and easy relocation.

Tibetan dwellings not only pay attention to cold, wind and earthquake prevention, but also use methods such as opening air doors, setting patios and skylights to better solve the influence of unfavorable natural environment factors such as climate and geography on production and life, and achieve the effect of ventilation and heating.

The indoor and outdoor furnishings of the houses show the lofty status of the gods and buddhas. Whether it is the residence of farmers and herdsmen or the upper mansion of the nobility, there are facilities for offering Buddha. The simplest one also set up a confession of worshipping bodhisattva.