Rehabilitation training and nursing methods for patients with cerebral hemorrhage

Rehabilitation training and nursing methods for patients with cerebral hemorrhage

I believe everyone knows that if you have cerebral hemorrhage, you should treat it in time. So how should patients with cerebral hemorrhage recover faster after treatment?

Rehabilitation training methods for cerebral hemorrhage

1. Patients need a quiet and comfortable environment, especially within 2 weeks of onset. They should minimize visits, keep calm and stable emotions, and avoid all kinds of negative emotional influences.

2. Stay in bed for 2 weeks absolutely, and turn your head gently from side to side. Avoid excessive movement or raising your head. Turn your limbs slightly in bed every 2 hours. Don't be too nervous. Urinating must be carried out in bed, and you can't get out of bed to relieve yourself, so as to avoid another bleeding accident.

3. Many patients with cerebral hemorrhage will be agitated, so patients should be restrained at this time to avoid accidents. However, patients can contact constraints after emotional stability.

4. There will be different degrees of headache in the course of the disease, such as head swelling pain, needle prick pain and severe pain. This is the most common symptom. We will give reasonable treatment. With the improvement of the disease, the headache will gradually disappear, so you don't have to be overly nervous. You should learn to divert your attention. If you still feel unbearable pain during the treatment, please let us know in time so that the doctor can take more effective treatment measures.

5. Elderly patients have a high degree of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular aging and brittleness, and seasonal changes are easy to induce diseases. Long-term bed rest is easy to cause lung infection, and sputum is not easy to cough up. Drugs can eliminate phlegm, strengthen turning over and patting the back, make phlegm disperse and cough up, and reduce lung infection. If you can't expectorate, you should take sputum suction measures, hoping to cooperate.

6. Long-term bed rest, skin pressure for more than 2 hours, prone to bedsore, should strengthen the turn. Massage the pressed part to keep the skin clean and dry. Limbs are placed in functional positions to prevent deformity.

7. If patients want to recover soon, diet and nutrition are indispensable. Therefore, eat more nutritious, low-fat and light foods, such as eggs and bean products.

8. Keep the stool unobstructed, eat more bananas and honey, drink more water, strengthen moderate turning, massage the abdomen and reduce constipation. Patients who do not defecate for several days or have poor defecation can use laxatives to induce defecation. It is forbidden to hold your breath and forcibly defecate to prevent cerebral hemorrhage again.

9. During the recovery period, raise the bedside 10~ 15○ according to the doctor's advice, and then gradually raise it to the semi-recumbent position according to the degree of tolerance and adaptation, ranging from 30 minutes to1~ 2 hours every day.

10. Hypertension is a common cause of this disease. Taking antihypertensive drugs should be quantified on time, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased at will to prevent the sudden rise and fall of blood pressure and aggravate the condition.

1 1. Follow-up regularly after discharge, monitor blood pressure and blood lipids, and take appropriate physical activities, such as walking and Tai Ji Chuan.

Nursing care of patients with cerebral hemorrhage

1, keep the function bit

In order to ensure the smooth recovery of limb function, it is necessary to maintain the functional position of paralyzed limbs. When the patient takes supine or lateral position, his head should be raised, about 15~30 degrees. Bend the knee joint to ensure that the feet and calves are at 90 degrees and the toes are facing up. Your arms should be half bent, and you can hold a roll of cloth or other things in your hand.

2. Functional exercise

Patients need functional exercise every day, 3~4 times a day, which can be gradually increased. Because the patient's body recovers slowly, the patient's family members should encourage the patient to exercise properly, but prevent falling. How to care for patients with cerebral hemorrhage at this time? It is best to cooperate with acupuncture, physical therapy and massage. , can speed up the recovery of patients.

3. Exercise in daily life

When nursing patients, we should gradually train them to eat, dress, wash and go to the toilet, and slowly take care of them completely so that they can take care of themselves.

4. Psychological care

During illness, patients are prone to depression, irritability, pessimism and disappointment. Therefore, patients' families should give psychological counseling, encourage patients and give them a good family atmosphere. They also need to patiently explain their illness, eliminate their pessimism, and let patients treat their illness positively and optimistically.

5, diet care

Limit the intake of fat

It is necessary to reduce total fat, increase polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduce animal fat in daily diet, so that the p/s ratio can reach above 1.8, so as to reduce the synthesis of endogenous cholesterol in liver. When cooking, use vegetable oil, such as soybean oil, peanut oil and corn oil, instead of animal oil. The dosage is 25 grams per person per day, preferably within 750 grams per month. To limit the cholesterol in food, everyone should be within 300 mg per day, that is, you can eat 3 egg yolks per week.

(2) control the total heat

If the total fat intake is controlled in the diet, the blood lipid will drop, and the weight of obese or overweight patients will also drop. It is best to achieve or maintain an ideal weight, which is beneficial to the physiological functions of all internal organs.

(3) Increase protein appropriately.

As the amount of fat in the diet decreases, it is necessary to appropriately increase the protein. It can be provided by lean meat and skinless poultry. You can eat more fish, especially marine fish, and eat a certain amount of bean products every day, such as tofu and dried beans, which is conducive to lowering blood cholesterol and blood viscosity.

6, prevention of complications of nursing

(1) Help the patient turn over and pat the back 4-6 times a day regularly, each time for about 10 minutes. Once the patient is found to have yellow phlegm, fever, shortness of breath and blue lips, he should seek medical treatment immediately.

(2) Encourage patients to drink more water to clean the urinary tract. And pay attention to the cleanliness of perineum to prevent cross infection. If urine turbidity and fever are found, it is a sign of urinary tract infection and should be treated as soon as possible.

(3) Most paralyzed patients have constipation, and some patients may have cerebral hemorrhage again because of forced defecation. Therefore, we should pay attention to the diet structure, give patients a low-fat, high-protein and high-energy diet and vegetables and fruits containing crude fiber, and give enough water. Regularly defecate the toilet, and use laxatives and enemas when necessary.

(4) Patients are paralyzed in bed, and bedsores are prone to occur at bony protrusions such as occipital tuberosity, scapula, buttocks, sacrococcygeal region and heel. Use a soft pillow or sea cushion to protect the bone protuberance, turn over every 2~3 hours, avoid procrastination, keep the bed dry and clean, take warm baths and massage regularly, improve local blood circulation and local nutritional status.

(5) Massage the limbs 10~ 15 minutes every day to promote venous blood return and prevent deep venous thrombosis. Once unexplained fever and lower limb swelling and pain are found, they should be diagnosed and treated quickly.

Those fruits are better for patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

1, cooked banana

Bananas are rich in dietary fiber and sugar, and have a good laxative function. But experts say that this effect is only effective for mature bananas, and raw bananas may be counterproductive.

2. Walnut

Walnut kernel contains fat powder, protein, carbohydrate, phosphorus, iron, beta-carotene, riboflavin and so on. Besides relaxing bowels, it also has the functions of tonifying kidney, fixing essence, warming lung and relieving asthma, and can be used to treat cough due to kidney deficiency, soreness of waist and soft feet, impotence and nocturnal emission, frequent urination, dry stool, etc. Long-term use has better curative effect and no side effects. Constipated old people might as well have a try.

3. Apple

Apples are rich in water-soluble dietary fiber and pectin. Pectin can protect intestinal wall, activate beneficial bacteria in intestinal tract and regulate gastrointestinal function, so it can effectively clean intestinal tract and prevent constipation. At the same time, the fiber in the apple can soften the stool and facilitate excretion. In addition, organic acids in apples can stimulate intestinal peristalsis and help defecation.

4. Sweet potato (sweet potato)

Sweet and warm, it can moisten the intestines, relax the bowels, strengthen the stomach and replenish qi. Containing more cellulose, it can absorb water in the intestine, increase the volume of feces, and cause laxative effect.

5. Brown rice

Brown rice is rich in minerals such as protein, starch, vitamin B 1, A, E, cellulose, calcium, iron, phosphorus, etc., and its rich fiber is helpful for defecation.

Conclusion: The above are some rehabilitation training methods and some nursing methods for patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

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