How to standardize the maintenance of cigarette retail terminal

(1) Based on the market demand and combined with raw material resources, determine the target of new products, such as product type, grade, quality level, cigarette fragrance, tar content level, benefit level, cigarette specification, packaging and decoration, etc. ; (2) Selection of raw materials, such as tobacco varieties, cigarette paper standards, filter performance, flavor, etc. ;

(3) Formulating specific technological measures, such as cut tobacco formula (including tobacco flakes and expanded cut tobacco), processing technical conditions, cigarette length and diameter, suction resistance, filter type and length, ventilation, etc. Different countries have basically the same requirements for cigarette standards and the items and methods of testing quality. China's national standards for cigarettes mainly include cigarette color and flavor standards, cigarette packaging standards, tar content standards, chemical composition regulations and transportation and storage.

The specifications of cigarettes in China are still mostly mouthless cigarettes, with a length of 70mm and a circumference of 27mm；; The length of filter-tip cigarettes is 8 1, 84,90, 100mm, and the circumference is mostly 24.5 mm

Cigarette packaging is to beautify products and ensure quality. Small box packaging styles include vertical and horizontal soft bags, vertical covers, flip covers, drawer-type hard boxes and canned boxes. The number of cigarettes contained is 20, 10, 5 and 50, depending on the market demand.

Different countries have different regulations on tar content standards in flue gas, and the trend is to develop to low content. According to China's product standards, the tar content of each cigarette is: 15mg for low tar cigarettes, and 15 ~ 25 mg for medium tar cigarettes; More than 25 mg are high tar cigarettes.

The detection of cigarette quality shall be carried out in accordance with the national standards for cigarettes. The quality inspection is divided into three aspects: ① color and fragrance identification, which is evaluated by the tobacco evaluation team through sensory evaluation and smoking, and scored according to color, fragrance, coordination, odor, irritation and aftertaste to determine the advantages and disadvantages; (2) Physical inspection, that is, measuring the length, circumference, weight, absorption resistance, hardness, appearance, joint, lap, end content, flammability and packaging inspection of cigarettes to determine whether they are qualified; ③ Analyze the chemical composition of cut tobacco, check the stability of total sugar, nicotine (nicotine), total nitrogen and the ratio of sugar to alkali, check the contents of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide with a cigarette machine, and verify that the tar content marked on the small box package is low, medium and high. The gas produced by tobacco combustion contains aerosols of suspended particles. The particles are composed of various organic and inorganic molecules, with an average diameter of about 0.2 ~ 0.4 & microm and a particle concentration of109 ~101cm3. With the extension of flue gas aging time, the particle diameter increases and the number of particles decreases. Some particles are positively or negatively charged, and the charges of the two particles are roughly equal, and the total smoke particles are electrically neutral.

During smoking, all substances escaping from the end of cigarette butts are called mainstream smoke, and the rest are called sidestream or tributary smoke. Mainstream or sidestream smoke can be divided into two parts: particle phase and gas phase. The total particle phase can be captured by glass fiber filter (also known as Cambridge filter) or electrostatic deposition device, but the gas phase cannot be captured. The total particulate matter minus the water and nicotine in it is called tar.

The weight of mainstream smoke per cigarette is about 500mg. The gas phase accounts for 92% by weight, and its composition is about 58% nitrogen, 12% oxygen, 13% carbon dioxide, 3.5% carbon monoxide, 0.5% hydrogen and argon, 5% water vapor and low molecular weight organic matter. The granular part accounts for about 8%.

In the process of smoking, a lot of chemical changes take place in the oxygen-deficient and hydrogen-rich environment. Generally, the temperature distribution range during combustion and absorption can be divided into three regions:

① In the high temperature area (600 ~ 900℃), the combustion of organic matter causes anoxic airflow, and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and volatile hydrocarbons are mainly generated in this area.

(2) Pyrolysis distillation zone (100 ~ 600℃), in which hot air in high temperature zone enters as energy source, causing distillation, pyrolysis, synthesis and other reactions of various organic compounds, and most of them are formed in this zone. These reactions are mainly endothermic reactions, which lead to a sharp drop in flue gas temperature.

(3) In the low temperature area (below 100℃), the light gas in the flue gas diffuses into the air through the cigarette paper, and the air permeates into the cigarette to dilute the flue gas, and the flue gas temperature continues to drop to slightly higher than the room temperature.

Nearly 4000 compounds have been detected in flue gas, among which 1000 compounds are the same as those in tobacco leaves, indicating that volatile aroma substances and harmful substances in tobacco leaves can directly affect the quality of flue gas by distillation, and most of the rest are produced by pyrolysis and pyrolysis synthesis. Carbohydrates will increase the content of aldehydes in flue gas, and carbohydrates and polyphenols are important sources of phenols in flue gas. The decomposition of nicotine and other nitrogen-containing compounds produces various nitrogen-containing heterocyclic and condensed ring compounds and nitriles. The pyrolysis and cyclization of lignin, polyphenols and amino acids can produce various aromatic hydrocarbons. The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is very small, but its sources are relatively extensive. Nitrate is the main source of nitrosamines. To study the decomposition products of various components in tobacco during combustion and smoking, at present, the widely used effective method is to add compounds with radioactive tracer atoms to cigarettes, and some use the method of cracking a component under the condition of simulating combustion and smoking temperature.