What is the lunar calendar used now?

1) At present, the lunar calendar used in China is a "combined calendar of yin and yang".

2) The current version of the lunar calendar is called Li Shixian, which is somewhat inappropriate. The reason is that it was promulgated by the Qing court as early as 1645 (the year of the rooster in the lunar calendar), and its predecessor was Xinfa Li, that is, Chongzhen Li compiled in the late Ming Dynasty, which was revised by the Germans 65438+. Its calculation method and theory all come from the west and are officially used in folk calendars. However, the calendar spirit still belongs to our country, and it is the inheritance and development of the previous version, that is, Dali, so it is still a traditional calendar in our country. However, the astronomical constants and theories it adopted were all from 1645 at that time, so it was limited by the accuracy (precision) of astronomical constants and the theories at that time, so the error became more and more serious after a long time.

In the seventh year of Qianlong (1742), it was rebuilt, taking the first year of Yongzheng (Guimao, 1723) as the yuan, and revised with Newton's data. It is called homing force, which makes Kepler's three laws and other advanced astronomical theories and laws calculated at that time. It also adopts the astronomical constant after 1742 (such as parallel motion), and there are many minor modifications, all of which are to improve its accuracy and use the improved advanced astronomical theory to calculate. Since the Qianlong emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the time of each emperor has been counted back 200 years;

There are many mistakes in the 200-year Constitution of Xuan Tong, which were calculated in the year of Xuantongyuan in Qing Dynasty (65438-0909), because of astronomical constant errors and theoretical limitations at that time. After the establishment of 1934 Purple Mountain Observatory, in order to meet the needs of various methods, the institute recalculated the perpetual calendar spectrum with the latest theories and astronomical constants at that time, and reconciled many inaccuracies and mistakes in the 200th Constitution of Xuan Tong, adopting the time of 120 degrees east longitude (east longitude11before).

1949 After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Purple Mountain Observatory compiled the lunar calendar for many times, all based on the data of China Astronomical Almanac. In 2000, the Purple Mountain Observatory re-compiled it with the most advanced astronomical constants and the latest theory at that time, this time using 2000.0 as the epoch.

In foreign countries, some people use the data from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of American Aerospace (manned space flight and several Mars explorations in the United States) and theories (mainly Einstein's relativity formula) to calculate the lunar calendar.

Therefore, the current lunar calendar calculation is based on the latest achievements of modern astronomy and aerospace, and it is the most typical result of the improvement (calculation) of the actual planetary orbit.

The current lunar calendar only stipulates some basic calendar contents, and the year, month and day are determined by the actual orbits of the earth and the moon, but its algorithm is not stipulated, keeping pace with the times. Because the lunar calendar uses the date from winter to the day before and the date from winter to the day before the next year to determine the age, and the month order is determined by the neutral atmosphere, and the date order is determined by the fixed month. If the age is 13 months, the first month without neutral atmosphere from winter to the future is the leap month of last month.

Since the new moon and the fixed atmosphere are defined from an astronomical point of view, the average year of the lunar calendar is the year of the tropic of cancer, and the average year is the first month of the lunar calendar.

Compared with the lunar calendar, the lunar calendar is the most accurate, and the solar calendar and Gregorian calendar are the most accurate. Compared with the Greek calendar and the lunar calendar before China, the lunar calendar is the most accurate and astronomical.

Therefore, it is somewhat inappropriate to refer to the version of the lunar calendar as "Li Shixian". It is no longer the "Li Shixian" of the Qing Dynasty. With the deepening of astronomy and human exploration of space and landing on the moon, it will be more accurate.

So I want to give the current lunar calendar a new version name, which will be mainly used in future discussions. Initially draw up several alternative names: Zijin Calendar, Time Calendar, Oriental Calendar, New Century Calendar, etc. And discuss with other predecessors.