Development of advantageous industries to promote agricultural income research report

Development of Advantageous Industries to Promote Agricultural Income Research Report

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In recent years, the rapid development of agriculture and rural economy in our county, the steady increase in food production, pig farming, edible fungi, honey industry, rapid development, has become an important channel of income of farmers in our county, in order to consolidate and develop this hard-won good situation, to build a long-term mechanism for farmers to increase their income, and to achieve a healthy and sustainable development of agriculture, the near county of pigs, edible fungi, beekeeping Industrialization of the development of a special study, is reported as follows:

First, the status of industrial development

1, pig: the county has 6122 pig households, pig rearing 15370, 9640 head of stock, 5710 head of fattening. Among them: 84 breeding sows, 34 breeding boars. 80 households with more than 10 heads and 4 households with more than 50 heads.

2, edible fungi: the county edible fungi substitute cultivation of 750,000 bags, edible fungi dry annual output of more than 160 tons, output value of more than 8 million yuan, edible fungi production is the characteristics of the county's rural economy pillar industry, its income accounted for 20% of the average per capita income of farmers.

3, beekeeping: the county beekeeping 9761 boxes, beekeeping 67 households. Beekeepers have gained good economic benefits, and honey has been well received by consumers for its good quality, nutritious, non-polluting, and high medicinal value.

Second, resources and location advantages

1, pig: pork is the main species of meat consumption in mountainous areas, with the people's living standards continue to improve and improve, the masses of pork consumption demand is increasingly strong. And hog farming income accounted for more than 30% of farmers' household income. In recent years, the county party committee, the county government attaches great importance to the development of animal husbandry, hog industry has been the rapid development, promoting the development of rural economic development and farmers to increase income.

2, edible fungi: 95% of the forest coverage in our county, lush vegetation, fresh air, without any pollution, suitable for the development of edible fungi production, the development of bagged edible fungi cultivation, can make full use of crop extrusion straw, fruit trees and forest branches, weeds and other waste into treasure, both to protect the forest resources, but also to increase agricultural income, its economic and social benefits are very significant.

3, beekeeping: First, my county is located in the subtropical and warm temperate climate junction, lush vegetation, a wide variety of bulk nectar plants and sporadic nectar plants grow alternately, the flowering period and the honey flow period is long, there are eight months in a year of the flowering period for the bees to provide pollen source over winter. Secondly, due to the complex topography of the mountainous areas, with large differences in height, many microclimates are formed, and the pollen source plants alternate in blooming on the shady slopes, sunny slopes, low mountains, middle and high mountains, making the Qinling mountainous areas a natural honey bank. Thirdly, our county is a large mountain forest, sparsely populated, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, the use of less, for the development of beekeeping provides favorable conditions.

Three problems

(a) Hogs:

1, low scale, low technology, low commodity rate. Pig households accounted for more than 90% of the farmers, but pig farmers accounted for only 1 % of the farmers. Most farmers are still using the traditional "hanging frame" way of feeding, the average feeding cycle of about 10 months, the commodity rate of only 30%.

2, the pig market price fluctuations, farmers against market risk ability is low. The lack of sustainable development of the hog industry, the long-term mechanism, so that farmers can not withstand the impact of the market downturn. Traditional pig farming methods, can not predict and adapt to changes in the market, can not withstand the risk of market price fluctuations, in the face of market changes, can only be passive to cope with, once because of the market changes and losses, will lose the enthusiasm of raising pigs.

3, the epidemiological situation is grim, difficult to prevent and control. Complex and changing disease situation and traditional decentralized rearing, coupled with the grass-roots animal disease prevention and control system is yet to be perfected, to the prevention and control of disease has brought great difficulty, will varying degrees of animal disease risk, affecting the enthusiasm of the farmers to replenish the pen.

4 is the animal epidemic prevention system needs to be improved. Lack of funds for work, the village animal epidemic prevention team fault, vaccine transportation, storage conditions do not meet the requirements, the use of ineffective seedling occurs, the immunization process is not in place in the process of immunization, the overall quality of grass-roots epidemic prevention staff to further improve the business and other issues.

5, pig breeding system is not sound. Due to geographic transportation and other factors, the county's overall sow rearing less, coupled with market conditions and the impact of epidemics, sow rearing continued to decline, self-propagation and self-sustaining ability to reduce. The piglets transferred out are less resistant to disease, with higher risk of disease and higher loss, resulting in increased piglet costs and the possibility of disease introduction. Over the years, the county has made a lot of work on the improvement of pig breeds, but because of the investment is small, the breed improvement scale is small, coupled with the county's pig rearing in rural areas to raise the main, did not form a perfect scientific feeding management system, the epidemic occurred from time to time, and to a certain extent, frustrated the enthusiasm of the farmers to raise pigs.

(B) edible fungi

1, in the resource protection and utilization of one-sided. Quercus resources are passed on to the cycle of perpetual use of resources, cyclical rational logging and utilization, is conducive to mobilizing the majority of fungus farmers to protect the enthusiasm of oak resources, over-emphasis, does not allow the cycle of logging and utilization, will only thwart the enthusiasm of the fungus farmers.

2, leading processing enterprises, the lack of professional market guidance.

3, single species, low quality. The county's existing large-scale production of products are Shiitake mushrooms, a single species, resulting in market restrictions, it is difficult to meet the diversity of needs, a portion of farmers are not skilled in cultivation techniques, technical standards vary, resulting in the same strain of mushrooms, the difference in quality is very large.

4, poor brand awareness. Good product quality, packaging is not standardized, low-grade products, low market competitiveness, the price does not go up.

(C) beekeeping:

1, backward breeding technology, low yield benefits. The production of Chinese bees in our county is mainly based on the traditional old-fashioned drums, accounting for more than 70% of the entire beehive, the breeding mode has a large historical inertia, backward breeding technology, the average yield of 5 kilograms per box, the output value of only 100 yuan, the output value of only 1/4 of the new method of rearing. Chinese bees in live frames of the new method of rearing 15-20 kilograms of yield per box, the output value of 400 yuan or so, accounting for only 20-30% of the entire rearing. It only accounts for 20-30% of the whole rearing.

2. The low quality of beekeepers and the low income of families have affected the development of beekeeping. Only 6% of the total number of beekeepers in our county are above high school. The low quality of beekeepers makes it difficult to promote beekeeping technology. At the same time, many beekeepers have low family incomes, living difficulties, making beehives, bee gear are the lack of necessary capital investment, not to mention the training of beekeeping technology, thus affecting the healthy development of beekeeping in our county.

3, honey adulteration, affecting the brand image of honey in our region.

My county honey is known far and wide, the production is relatively small, in the market demand exceeds supply, but some small traders and honey farmers began to adulteration, the pursuit of maximizing profits, adulteration and counterfeiting behavior is more common, seriously affecting the brand image of honey in my county.

Fourth, the development of the proposal

(a) pig:

1, effectively strengthen the organization and leadership of animal husbandry production. Accelerate the development of livestock production as the promotion of "three rural" work and content, and combined with the construction of new rural areas, to accelerate the development of livestock production into the county economic and social development overall plan. Strengthen government guidance, improve the refinement of policies and measures, timely study and solve major problems in the development of animal husbandry, the prevention and control of major animal diseases and livestock quality and safety supervision into the government's target management. Give full play to the livestock industry in the construction of new rural areas and poverty alleviation in the important role of running a well-off.

2, increase investment in livestock production. To animal disease prevention and control, livestock product safety supervision funds and animal husbandry and veterinary technical departments of the work of the financial budget, relying on financial support for agriculture and agriculture-related departments to support agricultural funds, to build the development of livestock production financing platform, to ensure that the development of animal husbandry production of financial resources.

3, strengthen the scientific and technological support, improve the scientific and technological content of livestock production. Through scientific and technological training, demonstration-driven and other forms, vigorously promote livestock and poultry farming technology on an appropriate scale, high-quality livestock and poultry production

Comprehensive supporting technology, comprehensive prevention and control of animal diseases, high-yield high-quality forage cultivation technology, rapid fertilization technology. Increase the training of animal husbandry technology extension personnel to improve the level of service and service capacity. The establishment of livestock science and technology promotion performance evaluation and reward mechanism, rewards outstanding contributions of technical personnel, strengthen scientific and technological support, and strongly promote the development of livestock production.

4, grasp the livestock production infrastructure. To combine with the construction of new rural areas, in accordance with the "separation of livestock, independent of the circle, biogas supporting, recycling, standardization of construction" principle of the establishment of enclosures, and vigorously promote green non-polluting breeding technology, and strive to change the traditional breeding industry dirty, chaotic, poor conditions.

5, strengthen the network information, the development of animal husbandry professional cooperative organizations. First, the establishment of a sound information platform for animal husbandry, the use of township and village information outlets, timely collection and release of livestock production and sales information. The second is to guide and support farmers to actively develop livestock professional cooperative organizations, give full play to its role as a bridge and link.

6, pay close attention to the breeding project, focus on improving production performance. Focus on supporting and rewarding the introduction of good breeding farmers, in the realization of the total number of sows breeding and piglet production to meet the needs of the county under the premise of the expansion of the total amount of pig breeding in the county.

7, strengthen the prevention and control of animal diseases, to ensure the quality and safety of livestock products. Leaders at all levels to firmly establish the "grasp the epidemic prevention is to grasp the production, is to grasp the public **** health and safety" concept, increase the prevention and control of animal diseases, strengthen the quality and safety of livestock products supervision and management efforts to ensure that the public **** health and safety and the healthy development of animal husbandry production.

(B) edible fungi:

1, re-recognize and value the important role of edible fungi production in rural economic development. First, edible fungi is really nutritious health food and green food, with the improvement of people's living standards, health care awareness, per capita sales increased, the market potential is very large. Secondly, there are abundant crop stalks and mountainous areas of a large number of . Quercus resources and clearing forest yam material, wood fungus provides a sufficient source of nutrients. Third, there are the majority of mushroom farmers accumulated relatively rich production experience. Fourth, as long as the government at all levels to recognize in place, strengthen the leadership, financial support, policy guidance, services to keep up with the edible fungi as an industry to develop, edible fungi production will certainly appear a new situation.

2, sound service system. Edible fungi production involves agriculture, forestry and other departments. To actively do a good job in the development, scientific and technological public relations, information transfer, technical training and guidance, and really do a good job for the farmers in the pre-production and post-production services, to promote the healthy development of edible fungi production.

3, standardize the production process of strains, adhere to the quality standards of edible fungi. Quality control and agricultural departments should be in accordance with the normative technical requirements, to grasp the implementation of the inspection, to ensure the quality of strains, for the development of edible fungi escort.

4, rational use of resources. Oak resource-rich places, the forestry department department should be planned according to the logging cycle approved by the fungus farmers reasonable logging use, point of planting edible fungi, improve the quality of wood-borne fungi and benefits, mobilize farmers to protect the enthusiasm of the forest. At the same time, make full use of crop residues, branches and stems after forest repair and wood processing wood chips and other agricultural and forestry waste resources for the production of bags, turning waste into treasure for the implementation of ecological benign use, to achieve the purpose of resource conservation, ecological agriculture and increase the income of farmers.

5, the development and utilization of valuable and rare strains. My county is rich in mountain mushroom resources, at an altitude of 800 -1200 meters in the pine-oak mixed forests are matsutake mushrooms, chanterelles, porcini mushrooms, white mushrooms and bamboo fungus and other precious strains of fertile areas, these mushrooms special flavor, nutritious, export value is very high, it should be actively exploited, and at the same time be effectively protected.

(C) Beekeeping: Although my county has better natural resources, honey quality, beekeeping development space, market prospects, but there are many outstanding problems, to develop beekeeping, growing beekeeping, adjusting the industrial structure, increase farmers' income, it is necessary to scientific planning, strengthen the training, strengthen the leadership, increase investment, the establishment of experimental demonstration bases, to strengthen the popularization and application of new technologies, to create a unique brand of honey, to create a new technology, to strengthen the development of beekeeping, and to improve the quality of beekeeping. unique honey brand, and promote the sustained and rapid development of beekeeping.

1, strengthen leadership and awareness. First, in accordance with the "Animal Husbandry Law", to strengthen the leadership of the beekeeping industry, to do a good job in the county beekeeping industry, a variety of planning, the introduction of new technologies, experimental demonstration and promotion, technical training of beekeepers, beekeeping pre-production, production, production and post-production of supporting services. Second, strengthen the function of beekeeping association. The beekeeping association is composed of professionals and beekeepers, mainly responsible for technical exchanges of beekeeping, enhancing the scientific production of beekeeping, reducing and eliminating the blindness of beekeeping production, and promoting the healthy, orderly and sustainable development of beekeeping.

2. Strengthen training and improve the quality of beekeeping personnel and technicians. In the training of talents, we should have a planned rotation and training, use the way of inviting in and sending out, strengthen the training of beekeeping technicians and beekeepers, improve the quality of beekeeping technicians and beekeeping farmers, and improve the technical level of their rearing, production, processing and sales, to create a group of beekeeping talents who know both the beekeeping technology and economic management of the new century, and to promote the great development of the beekeeping industry in our county.

3. Establish model households and demonstration farms to speed up the application of new technologies. In the county beekeeping more, carry out better, more mature conditions of the place to choose a certain number of farmers, vigorously cultivate demonstration households, demonstration farms, in the "special" on the word to do articles, to point to promote the face of the demonstration households and demonstration farms through the role of driving the development of the improved technology of the Chinese bee. The popularization rate of beekeeping technology reached more than 80%, all farmers mastered the four seasons of management technology, especially the winter supplemental feeding, spring feed, over box operation, swarm beekeeping large swarms of high-yield beekeeping technology, more than 60% of the farmers mastered the basic pest control technology, to promote the overall development of beekeeping industry in our county.

4, strengthen brand awareness, strengthen brand development. Our county has a high forest and grass cover, a wide variety of plant species, complete varieties of medicinal herbs, without any pollution in the territory, clean air, good ecological environment protection, rich pollen source plants, suitable for the development of beekeeping. We should make full use of this resource advantage, develop non-polluting beekeeping base, strive to produce green honey products, cultivate bee industry product base, cultivate bee industry production, processing of leading enterprises, increase the content of science and technology, strengthen the development of brands, set up a local specialty brands, increase the deep processing of bee products, and vigorously carry out the development of honey, beeswax, royal jelly, bee pollen, bee venom and propolis, and play the green brand of the county! The company's main goal is to strengthen the awareness of brand protection, so as to promote the development of the development of the company.

5, strengthen departmental cooperation, strengthen market supervision. One is to strengthen the management of the introduction of foreign bee species. The second is to closely cooperate with the industry and commerce, public security and quality supervision departments to strengthen the management of the bee products market, the implementation of strict testing and access system, purify the bee products market in the county, eliminate fake and shoddy bee products, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, to ensure the healthy development of the beekeeping industry. Thirdly, the timber required for the production of beehives for the development of beekeeping by farmers is strongly supported by the forestry department in accordance with the relevant policies, and is appropriately tilted

6. Strengthen the organic cooperation between beekeeping and other industries. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the organic combination of beekeeping with organic agriculture, eco-agriculture, the project of returning farmland to forests and the development of tourism. First of all, the beekeeping industry needs rich pollen source plants without any pollution, the development of organic agriculture, ecological agriculture, such as medicinal herbs base, alpine anti-seasonal vegetable base, both the development of high-quality ecological and organic food, but also for the bee breeding to provide a large number of high-quality pollen source plants. The second is to make full use of the project of returning farmland to forest, vigorously develop high-quality pollen source plants, and provide high-quality pollen source plant base for the development of beekeeping. The third is to make full use of the county's special geographical location and unique tourism resources, the county's honey products bigger, stronger and louder, so that it has become a popular tourism products in the county, to promote the development of tourism in the county.

7, strengthen the input, the establishment of beekeeping industry development support policies. To raise funds in various ways, and strive to increase investment. First, the implementation of awards to increase inputs, for the development of a certain scale of farmers to implement a certain amount of incentives to improve the enthusiasm of farmers breeding; Second, the implementation of preferential bank loans and government interest rate subsidies to strengthen inputs. For farmers who want to develop but do not have the funds, you can implement small loans and government subsidized interest rate to encourage their development; Third, the beekeeping technology training, new technology introduction, promotion, testing, demonstration of funds and basic office expenses into the financial budget.

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