What are the unique traditional houses in the Loess Plateau?

Traditional dwelling caves unique to the Loess Plateau.

Cave dwelling is a very old way of living, that is, horizontal caves are dug in the loess cliff area as living rooms. Because it has the advantages of simple construction, low cost, warm in winter and cool in summer, no damage to ecology and no occupation of fertile land. Although there are defects in lighting and ventilation, it is still a folk house in the loess area with little rain in the north. According to the construction mode, it can be divided into cliff kiln, flat kiln and closed kiln. Cliff kiln is a cross hole dug by natural earth wall, which can be single-hole or multi-hole, and can also be combined with ground houses to form a courtyard; Flat kiln, also known as farm courtyard-cave! Pit yard, pit yard, dark Zhuangzi. That is, deep pits are dug down on the flat ground to form artificial earth walls, and then caves are dug deep on the earth walls in all directions at the bottom of the pits, which can also be said to be the combination of vertical kiln and horizontal kiln. This kind of cave dwelling is popular in Gongxian, Sanmenxia and Lingbao in Henan, Qingyang in Gansu and Pinglu in Shanxi. Ancient kilns are independent caves built with bricks or adobe on the flat ground by issuing vouchers. Covered with soil, coupons are made into flat-roofed houses to dry grain, which are mostly used in western Shanxi and northern Shaanxi. At present, caves in China are mainly concentrated in five areas, namely Jinzhong, western Henan, Longdong, northern Shaanxi and northwestern Hebei.