What are some difficult place names in Chengde?

Although the geographical area of Old Chengde Street is not large, there are many street names. Only a few streets and lanes in Chengde were famous when they were first built, and most of them were not officially named. But people call them according to what scenery, buildings, terrain and so on they are nearby or sitting on. Over time, it became a common name and a place name.

More difficult to remember are Qidaoyin Hutong, Mongolia Hutong, Shangcheng Hutong, Xiechengtai Hutong, Jushunyong Hutong and Pullman Hutong.

The following is the classification of Chengde place names, and young people can make up lessons:)

Chengde had only two relatively long streets in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China: Xidajie (Xidajie is the imperial road of the Qing Dynasty) and Nanyingzi Street. There are more than ten smaller streets. However, there are many hutongs. Nowadays, with the changes of social development and urban reconstruction, most of these streets and lanes have disappeared. Not only hutongs, but also streets and lanes named after temples, ancestral temples and scenic buildings have disappeared. In my memory, the streets in Chengde can be divided into the following categories:

First of all, it is named after the official offices of princes and local officials in the Qing Dynasty and their venues: as usual, Tong, Zheng, Qidaoyin Hutong, Mongolian Sai Hutong, Shangcheng Hutong and Taiyuan Hutong. East of Nanyingzi Street is a concentrated residential area of Qing court officials. Shu, Zhong, Cai, Fu, Su, Chen, Feng, Zhang, etc. were banners or officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, most of them were extended families. Although each family has its own spacious "quadrangle", they live together in an alley. It's hard to say which one is, so they adopted the headline, Nanyingzi two, three, four, five and a half. There is a horizontal street in the middle, so it is called Middle Street (that is, the location of Zhongxing Road now). Then mark the hutong with an upper mouth and a lower mouth, and the lower mouth is the current position of Dongxing Road. Then there is the Dutongfu (later called Dutongfu, provincial government and provincial government). There is a wide alley on the east side, with five narrow alleys across it. It is also a relatively standard quadrangle built by households facing south, so it is inevitable that hutongs will appear before and after. This hutong is also the residence of Manchu officials and literati such as Sun, Lang, Fu and Yu. So the names of these hutongs are Dongyi, Dong Er, Dongsan and Dongsi, and there is a "Zhejiang Guild Hall" in Dongyi. The host is Sun, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, whose ancestral home is in Zhejiang.

The second category is merchants and gentry, or old households who settled here earlier, named after surnames: Gejiahutong, Langjiahutong, Laojia Hutong, Liu Jia Hutong, Jijia Hutong, Majia Hutong, Shijiaqian Hutong, Shijiahou Hutong, Xiaogejia Hutong and Mujiahutong in BeiXinglong Street. Then there are Wenjiagou, Panjiagou, Chaijiagou, Zhaojiagou, Wujiagou and Mengquangou. Wangjiayuan, hometown yard, Cao family yard. Like the four-person ditch in West Street, because four surnames lived in this ditch first, they couldn't all hang their surnames, so they had to be called "four-person ditch". For example, on the east side of Bell and Drum Tower Street, there is a place called Kongjiayuan. 1933, a troupe will perform and a theater will be set up. There is no font size in the theater, and some people always say that they will go to the Confucius courtyard to watch the drama.

The three types are named after merchants' store names: Yitaixing Hutong, Yongxinglong Hutong, Xiechengtai Hutong, Jushunyong Hutong, Yongjude Hutong, Sanyihao Hutong, Guangxingdian Hutong, Healthy Hutong and so on.

The four categories are named according to the business type of an address or the concentration of an industry, and many shops occupy this street. Such as Shi Liang Street, Caoshi Street, Mashi Street, Pi 'ao Street, Banpeng Street, Duck Circle (later called Dongxing Market), Wogua Garden, Leek Valley, Nancaiyuan Garden, Powder Magazine Ditch, Posts and Telecommunications Hutong (in West Street), Youfang Hutong (in Liushuigou Street), Guodian Hutong, Zhifang Hutong, Xiangfang Hutong, Blacksmith Furnace Hutong and luoquan Puhu Hutong.

These five categories are named after positions in government agencies and universities. The east and south hutongs on the east street of Doutongfu (now known as Doutongfu) are called Doutongfu East Hutong and South Hutong, and later renamed the provincial capital East Hutong and South Hutong. Rehe Middle School was once located in the memorial archway at the head of Xidajie Road, the former site of Rehe Kaoru in Qing Dynasty. The hutong on the west side of the school has always been called Zhongxuetang Hutong. The nether world of Jehol in West Street is called "Daoyin Yamen" by the citizens. Professor Fu Xue's office in Chengde, on the west side of the Confucian Temple, is called "Teachers' Yamen" by the citizens. Dazhanzigoukou was the seat of the government and county organs in the past, and the citizens collectively called it "the next pass of the county government". Tell the residence of these yamen, and the old Chengde people will understand where your family lives. In addition, there are hutongs on the east side of West Street Jehol Prison called Prison Hutong, Old Yinku Hutong on the west side of Pi 'ao Street and Playground Hutong in Nanyingzitou.

The six categories are named after temples, ancestral halls and addresses of religious activities. Because there are many temples in Old Chengde Street, it is commonly known as "Temple City". So some names are not only temple names, but also local place names. Such as Gao Temple, City God Temple, Confucian Temple, Wu Temple (Guandi Temple), Fire Temple and Temple (there are two in the street, one in Banpeng Street and the other in Caoshi). Mountain Temple (there are two places, one under the willow tree and the other at the back ditch of Nanshan root), River Temple, Brewmaster Temple, Wang Yao Temple, Longwang Temple, Zhong Yi Temple, Sanyi Temple, Sanguan Temple, Niangniang Temple, Doumu Palace, Hongji Temple, Wenchang Pavilion, Huilong Mountain (Haiyun Temple), Bell and Drum Tower (referred to as Fushan Temple) Hutong and Shegutang Hutong.

Seven categories are named after scenery, buildings or topographical features: for example, there are several doors in a villa, and there are houses near the doors, so they also become place names. Li Ruzheng Gate (also known as Shanggongmen, so Qian Jie is called Gongmenkou Street), Dehui Gate (also known as Shadimen), Xiaonanmen, Bifengmen, Liubei Pavilion Gate and Huidiji Gate. Dashiqiao, Erxianju Bridge, Panjiagou Bridge, Tongji Bridge, Taiping Bridge, Hongqiao, Duanqiaozi (now Cui Bridge), Wuyun Bridge, Dongdong Bridge, Heshenmiao Bridge, Yingshuiba, Ganheyan, Liushuigou, Xiaoxigou, Shuiquangou, Hongshi Luangou, Niuquanzigou, Shidongzigou, Shanshenmiao Gou, Luzazigou, Tashan Withered willow, pagoda tree garden, three fences, three stones, behind the theater, monk's grave, Shaliang, Tongjiqiao Hutong, Cui Hua Hutong, Garden Hutong, Xichang Hutong, and Ladder Mountain in Nanma Temple and Tongshan Mountain in Datong ditch.

Named after topography, such as Erduoyan Hutong in Shi Liang Street, Tanzi Hutong in Huoshenmiao Street, Pulley Hutong in Nanxinglong Street, Liangxiao Hutong in Shaanxi Ying Street, Caozigou Hutong in Panjiagou, Kuanhutong at the lower mouth of Nanyingzi Headline, and smelly puddle in Kuliushu Street.

Eight are named after their arrangement, symmetry or different size and location: Toudao, Erdao and Mishima archways; Head ditch, second ditch, third ditch, fourth ditch, fifth ditch, big and small ditch, big and small hazelnut ditch, big and small ditch, big and small north ditch; North-South Xinglong Street, North-South Horse Temple, East-West Automobile Market, East-West Nursery, Front and Back Erdao Street, Upper and Lower Barracks, Upper and Lower Erdaohezi, Guandi Temple uphill and downhill.

Nine is named after the ethnic composition of residents or the place of origin of residents: for example, the upper Erdaohezi lives with the officers and men of the Ordos Mongolian DashDawa Department, which is called the "Mongolian Camp". Erxianju Shannan Camp is the barracks of green camp people originally borrowed from Shaanxi in the Qing Dynasty.

Ten is named after homophonic. For example, there is a bridge on the west side of West Street Prison, originally called Xihongqiao, which was once broken and called Broken Hongqiao. Later, people saw that it was necessary to cross this bridge from the prison to the Erdaogou execution ground, so they named it the Broken Soul Bridge with homonym. Then there is a small street east of Xiakou Road in Nanyingzi Headline, which used to be called "Ghost Gate". Later, people saw the provincial courts in this area. In addition, they often see dead residents going to Shangkou Sanguan Temple to burn paper. These two scenes are put together, and the place is called "the gate of hell" with homophonic words. Later, some people called it "North Gate Pass". There are two ravines on the east side of Wulie River. In earlier years, victims from Guanli, Shandong, Henan and other places settled in Chengde Street. Some people settled in these two gullies, which were named as large and small settlement gullies. Later, people homophonically called the current place names, Dahugou and Xiaohugou.

Since then, in the 1930s and 1940s, many new place names have been added in the early days of Japanese puppet rule and liberation, such as Li Anding and Li Meifeng in West Street, Jurenli in Nanyingzi and Sanhuai in Xiaoxigou. Later, a "market" was built in front of the bell and drum tower; The "second market" was built near the railway bridge on the north side of Caoshi Street, and has now been transformed into a residential area. In front of Chengde Railway Station, "old residence", "middle residence" and "new residence" have been built, and many new street names have appeared. It seems that these old street names have become the history of Chengde.