What is the reference significance of humanistic learning theory to the reform of nursing education in China?

First, the concept of modern humanistic education

Humanism is an important schools of psychology that rose in the United States from 1950s to 1960s.

Humanism is based on

Its optimistic explanation of human nature and its dual concern for human value and potential,

Aroused the interest of ideological and theoretical circles.

the people

Humanistic educational psychology is the implementation and application of humanistic psychological theory and method in the field of education.

Its sponsor is

Maslow (name)

(Maslow)

Rogers is the most influential representative.

(Rogers)

. Maslow and Rogers are people-oriented.

Two outstanding masters and the main representatives of socialist psychology,

Their educational view can represent and reflect the universal people-oriented principle.

Concept of righteous education.

This paper attempts to expound the humanistic education view,

Explore its impact on China's current basic education.

The role of reform.

The modern humanistic educational trend of thought is a modern western educational philosophy opposite to the traditional scientific educational trend of thought. Start with/

20

hundred years

50

The second large-scale education reform in the 1990s, deeply influenced by the trend of thought of science education, came.

20

hundred years

70

In the 1980s, it was criticized in many ways. The massive investment in education reform in developed countries has not produced the expected results.

On the contrary,

Utilitarianism,

Intelligent and mechanized educational practice has brought a series of serious problems:

Students are tired of learning,

teenagers

Crime,

The decline of moral standards,

Student sports, etc.

From the inside of the school,

It can be seen that the discipline structure movement overemphasizes knowledge.

The logical structure of knowledge,

While ignoring students' psychological structure;

It's too difficult,

Subject-centered courses can stimulate students' interest in learning.

Interest is generally low, and the academic level is difficult to achieve the expected goal. These problems make people dissatisfied and disgusted with school education.

The modern humanistic educational trend of thought with humanism as the methodological basis and value standard,

exist

20

hundred years

70

Scientific age

The ideological trend of justice education has been criticized and the slogan of "humanization of schools" has been put forward, which has had a great impact on the educational reform in contemporary countries. at present

The ideas and reform ideas of contemporary humanistic education thoughts are as follows:

First, the people-oriented educational concept. Education is people's education, and it is also people who carry out education. Therefore, people-centered education is teaching.

The most important thing in education,

Education should be guided by human development.

Whether it is the educational purpose or the educational process,

People should be put

As the starting point and destination of education, we are opposed to training students as tools and "manpower".

Second, the purpose of education is to cultivate people's wisdom and perfect people. Human beings are born with learning potential.

,

Education should enable them to

Give full play to the potential ability.

Born curious about the world,

But this curiosity is often due to the education they received at school.

Become dull in experience and suffocation. Born with great development potential.

,

As long as everyone has the right conditions.

Learned,

Found that,

The potential and desire to release rich knowledge and experience.

Teachers should really trust.

Students can develop their potential abilities,

The goal of education should be student-centered,

Give full play to the potential of each student.

The ability to make them happy.

Third, the center of curriculum should shift from attaching importance to knowledge and results to life and humanities, that is, humanities-centered curriculum. Educational content

No longer confined to humanities,

But extends to all aspects that have the significance of cultivating human nature.

(interpersonal relationships,

Living conditions,

campus life

Dynamic, etc.)

It involves religious education, art education, moral education, emotional education and many other fields.

Fourth, create real problem situations, advocate learning from practice and encourage learners to explore freely. Humanists believe that,

If students want to devote themselves wholeheartedly to learning activities, they must face their own meaningful or related problems.

Title.

For any teacher,

It is wise to find out what is realistic for students.

At the same time, it is consistent with the courses taught.

Do the problem.

Construct a situation that makes every student face very real problems and stimulate students' learning motivation.

Make them realize

It is completely feasible to meet the challenges of reality and provide opportunities to meet these challenges, which is the task of educators.

Fifth, we should pay attention to the role of values, attitudes and emotions in promoting students' all-round development. Due to the negative influence of exam-oriented education

Influence,

The traditional view of science teaching has a bad tendency and practice of attaching importance to wisdom and neglecting morality.

Resulting in one-sided development of many students,

this is

There is a very sharp contradiction between the future society and the requirement that people trained by education should be all-round people. Humanists believe that learning

Learning should have a beneficial impact on students as a whole.

Don't just let students acquire knowledge in the process of learning.

But we should also pay attention to the price of students.

Cultivation and shaping of healthy personality such as values, attitudes and emotions.

,

Promote students' all-round development.

Second, the value embodiment of humanistic education concept in the new round of basic education curriculum reform.

(A) fully embodies the "people-oriented"

Emphasize the dominant position of students and the leading role of teachers.

Deal with the relationship between teachers and students in the learning process

,

Traditional education has always emphasized the authority and control of teachers and the role of students.

It is often in a position of obedience, passivity and acceptance. This greatly hinders students' initiative, enthusiasm and creativity.

Make many students' study meaningless. Although many teachers now know students' dominant position in theory,

The leading role of teachers,

However, this new relationship between teachers and students is difficult to grasp in practice.

Because students are passive.

Successful education,

His whole psychological activity is not devoted to learning activities.

Therefore, students not only have poor learning effects,

and

Often tired of learning activities. In this case, if we learn from the humanistic theory about the relationship between teachers and students,

It will be fruitful.

(B) to promote the all-round development and improvement of the "course content" reform.

《

Outline of Basic Education Curriculum Reform (for Trial Implementation)

"Provisions:

"Changing the course content is difficult, complicated, biased, outdated and too concentrated.

The present situation of book knowledge,

Strengthen the connection between course content and students' life, modern society and scientific and technological development,

Pay attention to students' study.

Learn interest and experience, and choose the basic knowledge and skills necessary for lifelong learning. "

. The complexity and difficulty of the course content apply to

Training of expert talents,

But it is not suitable for the cultivation of ordinary talents.

The content of this course is oriented to social and economic development.

Cultivating expert talents instead of focusing on people's perfection,

Development,

Help to enhance human nature.

This utility must be changed.

The goal of sexual orientation,

Taking the full development of human potential as the starting point and destination of education,

This will inevitably reduce the difficulty of the course.

Degree,

Reduce students' schoolwork burden,

So that students have enough time to carry out other activities beneficial to their physical and mental development,

Humanize

Here's to the promotion.

The outdated curriculum is divorced from the students' reality.

Not conducive to the growth of students,

The compilation of teaching materials should pay attention to students' learning.

Learning interests and experience,

According to students' life experience,

It is beneficial to provide experience for the liberation and development of students' personality.

This is also

The goal pursued by modern humanistic education.

(3) In view of course center's shift from attaching importance to knowledge and results to life and humanities, that is, humanities-centered courses. Learn from it.

Process "to carry out the corresponding reform.

Outline of basic education curriculum reform

(Trial)

》

Terms:

"Change the tendency of curriculum to pay too much attention to knowledge transmission,

Emphasize product formation

Extremely positive learning attitude,

Make the process of acquiring basic knowledge and skills become the process of students learning to learn and forming correct prices at the same time.

The forming process of values.

In the teaching process,

We should pay attention to cultivating students' independence and autonomy.

Encourage students to take the initiative,

Rich

Learning with personality.

Teachers should respect students' personalities,

Pay attention to individual differences,

Cultivate students' attitude of mastering and applying knowledge

Ability, so that every student can be fully developed. "

. The trend of thought in science education holds that the teaching process is a cognitive activity.

Process,

Including the transmission and acceptance of knowledge,

Scientific research and problem discovery,

This process has an objective and stable procedure.

Methods and regulations

Then.

Modern humanistic educational thoughts pay attention to personality cultivation,

The principle of emotional perfection and edification has been ignored.

"The position of.

The outline of the new curriculum reform holds that the teaching process is not only a process.

"knowledge"

The process of development,

More emphasis is also a

"love,

Meaning "

The process of development,

It holds that the teaching process is not only the process of imparting knowledge,

It is also the process of students' life activities.

more

Is the process of opening up wisdom and consciousness,

It contains rich humanistic significance.

It believes that the teaching process is mainly an emotional development.

The process does not emphasize the dissemination of knowledge system, but focuses on the enrichment of emotions, the deepening of family ties and the cultivation of interests, emphasizing intuition and meaning.

The role of irrational factors such as ambition and psychological state in the teaching process.

(D) Pay attention to creating a good "learning environment".

Environment plays a very important role in promoting learners' development.

In recent years,

The educational circles in China have been exploring this issue.

Title. How to create for students from the aspects of campus, housing, teaching AIDS, learning tools, experimental equipment, audio-visual education, books and newspapers, etc.

kilter

,

How to create a relaxed, safe, trusting and gentle psychological environment and atmosphere for students deserves education.

The author has conducted in-depth research on this, and at this point, we should learn from the relevant theories of humanism about learning atmosphere.

(5) Pay attention not only to the learning results, but also to the learning process. Realize the all-round development and improvement of people.

Traditional education attaches great importance to the pursuit of students' academic performance.

While ignoring the learning process,

This means simply attaching importance to students' knowledge.

Acquisition,

While ignoring the process of how students acquire knowledge.

As we can clearly see from the front,

Humanists are ten.

Oppose this concept and practice.

In the learning results and learning process,

He values the latter more,

Think that students learn

Methods, perfection and development permeate the learning process. Modern educational curriculum theory has actively absorbed this idea.

I feel that there are both explicit and implicit influences in the process of learning. Therefore, in the classes of our schools at all levels, one

We must attach importance to and strengthen the study of students' learning process.

Evaluation,

Pay attention to cultivating students' cognitive methods in the learning process,

Promote/start/get up/maybe/last name/interest

Interests and habits, as well as a sound personality, make them gradually learn to learn to develop actively and learn to develop in an all-round way.