What are the implications of traditional patterns in Inner Mongolia?

Pan-sheep sausage pattern (figure 1) is one of the most common patterns in Mongolian areas. According to local teachers, it means "good luck", but it is also a popular pattern in China, such as the symbol of China Unicom. It can be traced back to the ethnic origin of Mongols. Since Genghis Khan unified the Central Plains in13rd century and established the Yuan Dynasty, the pattern of pan intestine has been integrated into the Han culture. The gut pattern symbolizes good luck and the whole pattern has a three-dimensional effect. If you start from any starting point on the side, you can never go back, and the whole pattern is full. In Inner Mongolia, this pattern often appears on the furniture, boots and clothes of Mongolian families. In fact, the catgut pattern is also widely used in Han areas, and the "Chinese knot" is a typical example, which can be said to be the representative of Central Plains culture. After the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians had close ties with the Han nationality. Damaoqi, which we visited, is a place where Mongolians live in compact communities. For a long time, this place has a close relationship with the Han nationality, most of whom are Mongolian herders and most of the farmers are Han nationality. This is also a vegetable sausage model. Throughout Inner Mongolia, its connotation is "auspiciousness", but in form, the width and color of each dish's intestines are different.

Second, the cow nose pattern?

Cow nose pattern (Figure 2), also called moire pattern, is also called Yungouzi by Han people. There are also many varieties of cow nose patterns. The cow nose pattern in Figure 2 is somewhat geometric. At first, this pattern symbolizes "people", which is a symbol of "people". There are also allusions to this model in Inner Mongolia. It is said that one day, herders burned firewood, cow dung and sheep dung. When the firewood dung is burned, it becomes a pile of ash. The cow arches the ashes while eating grass and drills its nose into the ashes. Then the cow was naughty and arched the white felt bag of the Mongolian yurt with its nose, and the dust on its nose was printed on the felt bag. Herdsmen saw this pattern and liked it very much, so they called it. It can be seen that the appearance of patterns is closely related to daily life. Moire is also "auspicious" in the meaning of Han nationality, and "moire" is also a good head. For example, we now see a lot of jade ruyi displayed in the Forbidden City, and the ruyi head is "moire". Therefore, moire can also be said to be a variant of bovine nose pattern, which is the development of this pattern.

Third, Wan Ziwen.

Wan Ziwen (Figure 3), the first pattern is "Buddha", which represents the meaning of the sun, and then it becomes ""in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and then it is changed to ",+"and "once a year. These patterns are symbols of the sun, expressing the worship of the northern nomadic people to the sun. In Yinshan rock paintings, we can see a lot of cross patterns and cross patterns inside a circle. Interestingly, Hitler's Nazis also quoted this sun pattern. According to research, this earliest ""has appeared in Yinshan rock paintings, more than 10 thousand years ago. This Wan Ziwen spread from the northern nomadic people in the Eurasian plate to Siberia, and then to West Asia, Africa and Europe. The main circulation route is from Inner Mongolia to the west and south, then flows to Arabia, and then the pattern begins to return. When India used this model, it was already 27 BC. Moreover, this pattern has a bad direction, clockwise is auspicious, counterclockwise is fierce, so it is a coincidence that Buddha represents auspiciousness and Nazi represents fierceness. Wan Ziwen later became a "flower around the kang", that is, the decorative lace on the kang wall where northerners slept, the cuffs of clothes worn by northern nomads, and carpets, all of which used this kind of "Wan Ziwen", which was connected with Wan Ziwen, adding another meaning, that is, the word never stops, representing continuous and prosperous forever. Some people with 10,000 words are also called Shouzi. In folk life, the word "Shouzi" and "Wan Zi" are mixed together, so many Shouzi are actually the 10,000 words in the birthday picture we see now. There are also many variations in Wan Ziwen, such as rock paintings, temple murals and bronzes in Erdos, all decorated with Wan Ziwen, but their forms have changed. The meaning of "endless words" has also been well expressed in the paper-cutting of hand-cranked dolls. Many people say that hand-cranked dolls first appeared on painted pottery and portrait bricks. In fact, they have existed in Yinshan rock paintings for a long time, thousands of years earlier than painted pottery. There is such a pattern in a rock painting on the Qinkole grassland, which depicts a group of people surrounding prisoners with a large circle of stones, and then dancing around the periphery hand in hand. It can be said that this pattern first symbolizes the meaning of unity and victory.

Fourth, rolling grass patterns?

The grass rolling pattern (Figure 4) is a decorative pattern. In Inner Mongolia, it is more like a rolling cloud. Because on the grassland, clouds are ever-changing and the most beautiful, so the pattern of clouds painted by shepherds is very advocating clouds. The colors of the scroll grass pattern are very bright, including white, blue, red, yellow and green, and the connotations of these colors blend with many cultures. Mongolians especially worship white and blue, followed by red, yellow and green, and the latter three colors have a great relationship with Tibetan Buddhism. Some people think that Mongolians like blue and white best because of blue sky and white clouds. In fact, from the perspective of countries and regions, shepherds believe that white is milk, and whoever has more milk will be rich. In the major ceremonies of Shamanism, there is a link of sprinkling milk, which is a kind of reverence for heaven and earth. White is also a symbol of purity, such as Hada for you (Hada has many colors), of which white is the noblest. Blue is because shepherds have the characteristic of following blue. For example, the Mongols have five flags, a blue flag and a white flag. This is another story. In earlier times, blue symbolizes nature and represents "eternal life", which is the great god who dominates everything. When shepherds worship Aobao, this Aobao represents different small gods. For example, General Aobao is the general god, and Land Aobao is the land god, which is the great god who dominates them.

Speaking of blue and white, by the way, blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty. Before Genghis Khan established the Yuan Dynasty, Chinese culture had gone deep into the grassland. Although Yuan blue and white are two colors, they are not a specific product of the Mongols, because the Mongols did not have the technology to burn blue and white porcelain at that time, but they were a people on horseback. Second, the blue-and-white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty appeared earlier than that in the Yuan Dynasty, and most of the blue-and-white porcelain was fired in the Han Dynasty, not on the grassland. Therefore, it is debatable that the blue and white flowers in Yuan Dynasty are the yearning of Mongolian people for the blue sky and white clouds.

V. Combination of various modes

We see that this pattern (Figure 5) has a cross in the middle and a circle outside, which is a combination of traditional patterns and represents the sun. Among them, the great circle is divided into four parts, and each part has a wishful pattern, representing the four seasons. This thing on the side is called mating type, and we can solve it as "T" and bite each other. This is the relationship between yin and yang, that is to say, the combination of yin and yang is a harmonious pattern. By the end of Yuan Dynasty, this "T" also developed into a sun pattern. In folk paper-cutting, many tigers were cut, some with the word "Wang" on their heads, but in some places in Inner Mongolia, a "ten" was cut. In Shaanxi, we saw some tiger paper-cuts engraved with the word "T". In Christianity, there is a legend that one day God warned people that he would execute people on earth one day in the future, and only his followers could avoid it. What can explain their status as believers? Is to draw a "T" in front of your house with sheep blood. Then this day came, and all the believers who drew the "T" were saved, and all those who didn't draw the "T" died. "T" means the sun in western culture. In fact, sheep represent the sun, and the sheep god is the sun god. It can be seen that western religions have a certain relationship with the pattern of China.

Abstract of intransitive verbs

The above is only a rough talk about several typical patterns of Mongolian folk nationalities, which proves that the true connotation of patterns must be excavated from the perspective of archaeology, not just from the perspective of images.