The freight industry has a deep doorway, telling you where to make more money.

But since April last year, driven by the secondary and tertiary industries, the industry has basically returned to normal.

Although it may take time to digest the past prosperity, the road freight industry is also undergoing subtle changes in this process.

A few days ago, the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport and Zhongjiao Xinglu jointly released the "China Highway Freight Industry Operation Analysis Report (2020)" (hereinafter referred to as the report) after analyzing the operation data of 7 million trucks, which provided us with strong data support for understanding the current situation of the industry.

The transportation capacity structure has shifted to large scale, with tractors accounting for more than 70%.

According to the report, in 2020, the annual road freight volume reached 34.264 billion tons, and the freight turnover reached 60 1.7 1.85 billion ton-km, showing the characteristics of V-shaped reversal and steady recovery.

Specifically, freight demand is still concentrated in the four major urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Chengdu-Chongqing.

However, with the fruits of the western development gradually emerging, drivers in the central and western regions of China may have more opportunities in the future. In 2020, the freight volume in Shaanxi, Gansu and other places will increase by more than 4% year-on-year, with the most obvious increase.

From the perspective of capacity structure, freight cars tend to be large-scale.

According to the report statistics, in 2020, the tonnage of freight cars will be15784438+07000 tons, up by 16.2% year-on-year, which is the fourth consecutive year. Among them, trucks with rated load of 38 tons and above accounted for 5 1%, up 7 percentage points year-on-year.

In terms of vehicle types, tractors account for as much as 71.3% in the overall transport capacity structure; Followed by warehouse vehicles, accounting for only 10.9%.

As a barometer of national infrastructure investment, tractors are more suitable for medium and long-distance transportation of goods such as building materials and construction machinery. So this also reflects that China still maintains a strong vitality in the field of infrastructure construction.

Individual drivers gradually withdrew from the circle and large enterprises grew.

It is worth noting that although road transportation still accounts for 73.8% of the total freight volume, under the influence of the policy of "Three-year Action Plan for Transportation Structure Adjustment", the proportion of road freight has been declining for three consecutive years. The data shows that in 2020, it decreased by 3 percentage points compared with 20 18.

If the overall demand drops, there will be room for the highest price to rise. The report shows that the road freight price index in 2020 is 95.98, down 2% year-on-year, and down 4.02% compared with 20 18. Specifically, in 2020, the transportation price of road vehicles fluctuated greatly, with an average price of 0.35 yuan/ton-km, down 2.44% year-on-year.

The reduction of freight directly affects the income of individual drivers and logistics companies.

According to the results of the sample survey in the report, 80% of drivers reported a decrease in income in 2020, ranging from 20% to 40%. In addition, 50% of transportation enterprises said that the turnover has been declining since June last year, and 30% of them said that the turnover decreased by less than 20% and the gross profit margin was less than 5%.

The decline in income has led some drivers to choose "retirement". The data shows that in 2020, the number of road cargo transport drivers will be 65,438+0,509,820, down 3.2% year-on-year.

However, despite this, the report pointed out that the average monthly income of truck drivers can reach 8,000 to 20,000 yuan, which is still at the upper-middle level of the whole society.

Another data shows that with the withdrawal of individual drivers, the main structure of the market is gradually developing into a large-scale and standardized enterprise model.

Compared with individual drivers, large logistics enterprises have stronger information acquisition and bargaining power, so they will be more competitive. In terms of capacity scale, general freight enterprises with more than 50 vehicles accounted for 6.7% of the total number of households, an increase of 1.3 percentage points compared with last year, and general freight enterprises with less than 10 accounted for 75.8% of the total number of enterprises, a decrease of 5.9 percentage points compared with last year.

High speed has become the first choice to improve operating efficiency.

Although from the perspective of freight rate and structure, the freight industry is currently in a transitional period of transformation. But it is undeniable that with the gradual implementation of policies and regulations and the gradual standardization of the industry, the operating efficiency of vehicles is constantly improving.

The data shows that the operating efficiency index in 2020 is 99.98, up 2.8% year-on-year.

Specifically, the average annual speed of freight vehicles in China is 49 km/h, up 3% year-on-year. Among them, the average speed in expressway was 70.6 km/h, up 4.6% year-on-year. Although there is still a certain gap compared with the United States, it has been greatly improved by 65,438+06,438+0% compared with 2065,438+08, and there is still much room for improvement in the future.

Thanks to the popularization and application of ETC in expressway, the number of congested slow-moving stations has also decreased by 65%. In addition, the average speed of national highway is 46. 1km/h, and the average speed of provincial highway is 45km/h, and the speed of vehicles with different road structures is slightly improved.

From the data point of view, the average daily driving time of trucks at high speed exceeds 4.5 hours, an increase of 32.4% over last year. Expressway became the driver's first choice.

At the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the mileage of expressway reached 16 1 10,000 kilometers. From the road structure, the proportion of expressway in the average daily mileage of bicycles has been rising for three consecutive years. In 2020, the proportion of mileage in expressway has reached 47%, up by 4 percentage points year-on-year.

In addition, the Internet is also significant for improving the efficiency of the freight industry. From the effect point of view, 70% of retail drivers are willing to choose online APP to find goods.

According to the data, by the end of 2020, * * * had 736 enterprises with online freight business qualifications, * * * integrated 2.87 million social vehicles, and completed a total of 783 million waybills/kloc-0, with a freight volume of 450 million tons, achieving a transaction volume of 57.7 billion yuan, reducing the transaction cost by 6%-8% compared with traditional freight transportation.

Fatigue driving has been significantly improved, and the two areas are still high-risk areas.

The improvement of operational efficiency and the tightening of policies and regulations have reduced the work intensity of drivers to a certain extent, but under the pressure of income, the concept of "Dora running" still cannot be eradicated.

In 2020, the average daily cycling time in China will be 7 hours, an increase of1.4% over last year; Another survey shows that the average weekly working hours of truck drivers in China are about 49 hours, which is higher than the average weekly working hours of the labor force in China.

Specifically, Northeast China and North China are areas with high incidence of fatigue driving, and the average daily driving time of drivers is above 8.5 minutes. However, the average daily fatigue driving times of bicycles in Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hebei, Shandong and other places are higher than the national average, among which Liaoning ranks first, with the average daily fatigue driving times reaching 0.22.

However, with more and more drivers choosing expressway as the main transportation channel, the work intensity is reduced and the driving safety is obviously improved.

The data shows that in 2020, the average daily fatigue driving frequency of bicycles continues to decrease, down 6.5% from last year; The safety index of road freight market was 107. 16, up 2% year-on-year. In addition, the number of speeding alarms in expressway decreased by 5% year-on-year.

Therefore, from the above data, it can be found that although the problem of fatigue driving in some areas still needs to be improved, on the whole, driving safety has been greatly improved with the active implementation of safety production requirements by transportation authorities at all levels.

At the same time, we can also find that drivers' efficiency has been greatly improved because of more expressway choices. In the future, we can consider giving drivers more preferential policies in expressway, which has achieved the goal of treating both the symptoms and the root causes.

Old drivers have doorways. Big data tells you where to make money.

Although nearly 500 thousand people left the driver industry for various reasons last year, from what we know, some drivers who work longer hours can still earn more than the industry average.

But this may require drivers to have certain long-term resources and the ability to analyze industry trends.

How can I earn more than the industry average? We can get some useful information in the report.

Specifically, at present, the southern part of North China and the northern part of East China are the most active areas for road freight transportation, and the average daily output of vehicles in East China is 150600, which shows that the demand for transportation capacity in these places is relatively strong, and drivers can receive more shippers from them.

From the freight category, specialized markets such as special transportation, bulky transportation and dangerous goods transportation are expanding strongly. From the perspective of business scope, the markets for special transportation, bulk cargo transportation and dangerous goods transportation have developed well and maintained a sustained growth trend. By the end of 2020, the number of special transportation (including container transportation) enterprises reached 1.27 1.04 million, the number of large cargo transportation enterprises reached 3 1.4 million, and the number of dangerous goods transportation enterprises reached 1.33 million, up by 28.6% and 420,000 respectively over last year.

According to the monitoring data of G7 network freight platform, the average freight rate of LTL transportation in 2020 is 0.64 yuan/ton-km, up 0.58% from 65438+February last year. In terms of commodities, the digital LTL transportation price of household appliances is relatively high, which is 0.84 yuan/ton-km, an increase of 2.05% compared with 65438+February last year, and the LTL transportation price of daily necessities is 0.52 yuan/ton-km, which is basically the same as last year.

In addition, the average freight rate of Shanghai container road transportation in 2020 is 9.27 yuan/box kilometer, up 1.3% year-on-year. In the second half of last year, as the import and export trade market in China continued to pick up, the container road freight rate continued to rise.

At the same time, in recent years, the capacity of truck drivers is insufficient, generally over 40 years old, and there are very few drivers after 90.