The common drugs used in the treatment of epilepsy

Suffering from the disease is not terrible, the fear is that the patient did not actively treatment, the symptoms of mild patients in addition to the use of prescriptions, you can also carry out self-therapy, the symptoms of serious recommended the use of drugs, the body's recovery are very good help. In order to allow patients to better understand the current treatment of epilepsy drugs, the following summarizes the current clinical commonly used antiepileptic drugs. For the time being, antiepileptic drugs are divided into traditional and new types. So, what are the common drugs used to treat epilepsy? Here to see the details of the commonly used drugs for the treatment of epilepsy!

Commonly used drugs for the treatment of epilepsy

(1) Traditional antiepileptic drugs:

1) Phenytoin sodium: it is effective in generalized tonic-clonic seizures and partial seizures, but it can aggravate disorientation and myoclonic seizures. Gastrointestinal absorption is slow, metabolic enzymes have saturable, saturated with a smaller dose of the most that is to reach the poisonous dose, children are not easy to find toxic side effects, so infants and children should not be taken, adults should be careful when increasing the amount. Usually adults can be taken once a day, children take two times a day.

2) Carbamazepine: It is the drug of choice for partial seizures, and has better efficacy than other antiepileptic drugs for complex郜分性发作, and also has better efficacy for secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, but it can aggravate apoplectic and myoclonic seizures. Due to the self-induced effect on liver enzymes, the clearance rate is low at the beginning of the drug, and then gradually increased to the therapeutic dose after one week. After 3 to 4 weeks of treatment, the dose needs to be increased to maintain the same efficacy.

3) Valproic acid: a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, is the drug of choice for generalized seizures, especially generalized tonic-clonic seizures combined with typical catatonic seizures, and is also used for partial seizures. It is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.

4) Phenobarbital: often used as the drug of choice for pediatric epilepsy, broader-spectrum, rapid onset of action, good efficacy for generalized tonic-clonic seizures, also used for simple and complex partial seizures, and has a preventive effect on febrile convulsions. It can be used for acute brain damage combined with epilepsy or epileptic status.

5) paracetamol: hepatic metabolism into phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide with anti-epileptic effect. Indications are generalized tonic-clonic seizures, as well as simple and complex partial seizures.

6) Ethosuximide: used only for simple catatonic seizures. It is rapidly absorbed and rarely interacts with other antiepileptic drugs.

7)Clonazepam: fast-acting, but easy to develop drug resistance to reduce the effect. As an adjunctive drug, small doses can often achieve good results.

(2) new antiepileptic drugs:

1) topiramate: refractory partial seizures, secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures and infantile spasms have a certain effect. Treatment should start with a small dose and gradually increase to a therapeutic dose over 3 to 4 weeks. Long-term therapy

Concentration of pyridostigmine, topiramate can also reduce the efficacy of phenytoin sodium and oral contraceptives.

2) Lamotrigine: effective in partial seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, apoplectic seizures and myoclonic seizures. Gastrointestinal absorption is complete, and the maintenance dose needs to be gradually increased to the therapeutic dose over 4 to 8 weeks.

3) Gabapentin: It can be used as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is not metabolized by the liver and is excreted by the kidneys as a prototype in 3 divided doses.

4)Fexofenacin: effective in partial seizures, can be used as monotherapy, excreted by the kidneys.

5)Oxcarbazepine: indications are the same as carbamazepine. Oxcarbazepine 300mg is equivalent to carbamazepine 200rng. so the dosage should be increased by 50% when replacing.

6)Aminohexenoic acid: used for partial seizures, secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It is effective in infantile spasms and can also be used for monotherapy. Mainly excreted by the kidneys, starting dose 500mg/d. Increase weekly by 500rng. maintenance dose 2?3g/d in 2 doses.

7) Tegabine: as adjunctive therapy for refractory complex partial seizures. Gastrointestinal absorption is rapid, the general dosage of 10?15mg/d.

Warm tips: Patients with epilepsy are often deficient in magnesium, especially those who need long-term drug therapy, such as long-term use of phenyltoluene sodium, prone to osteoporosis, in addition to giving a high-calcium diet, should also pay attention to the intake of magnesium.