What are the four major tunes of China's Qing Dynasty operas?

Kunshan, Yiyang, Liu Zi and Bangzi were two parts of Huaya during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, collectively known as Nankun, Yi Bei, Liu Dong and Xibaizi, and they were the four popular vocal tunes in this period. At present, the "four major tunes" are mostly Bangzi tune, tune, Kunqu opera and high-key.

1, kunshan cavity.

Also known as Kunqu Opera and China Opera, it is one of the four major tunes of Southern Opera in Ming Dynasty, and also one of the four major tunes of Qing Dynasty and contemporary operas. The end of Yuan Dynasty originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Wei Liangfu absorbed the music of Haiyan and Yiyang, and after processing and improvement, its influence gradually expanded.

2. Yiyang cavity.

Yi Opera, also known as Yi Opera, is one of the four major operas of Southern Opera in Ming Dynasty and one of the four major operas in Qing Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty originated in Yiyang, Jiangxi Province, and a set of vocal music system was formed in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, which is generally called "Gao Qiang". Since the Qing Dynasty, the independent Yiyang tune began to decline or even disappear, and now only Jiangxi Gan Opera still retains some Yiyang tune and repertoire.

3. Liu Zi cavity.

One of the four major operas in Qing Dynasty, it originally refers to Liu Zi Opera, which was popular in Shandong in the early Qing Dynasty, and later refers to singing folk songs in minor in various provinces.

4. Bangzi cavity.

One of the four major operas in the Qing Dynasty refers to the Bangzi opera, which started in Shaanxi Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and was played with Bangzi as a percussion instrument. One of the vocal cavity systems of the plate variant, the lyrics are mostly seven sentences or cross sentences, with Banhu as the main instrument. Later, there were Bangzi branches in Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and Shandong.

Extended data:

During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Southern Opera developed greatly. Because of its spread, combined with local language and folk art, it gradually became a vocal cavity with local color. Kunshan Opera, Haiyan Opera, Yu Yaoqiang Opera and Yiyang Opera, which were popular in the middle of Ming Dynasty, were later called the four major operas.

In the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan dialect was regarded as authentic, and it remained so in the early Qing Dynasty. However, from the late Qianlong period, the combination of Yiyang Opera and other operas gradually defeated Kunshan Opera and eventually developed into Peking Opera.

Baidu encyclopedia-four major parts of traditional Chinese opera

Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Tones