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Survey and Reflection on the Current Situation of Chinese Folk Culture

Culture is something unique to a nation, and it is the basis for the continued existence of this nation. When a nation's culture dies or is replaced by other forms of culture, and the basis for the existence of the nation is lost, then even if its people still exist, there is actually no difference between the existence and the demise of this nation.

When more and more cultural forms have developed from the original kind of prosperity to the present endangered and even have disappeared, who should be responsible for these things? When more and more young people are intoxicated by the atmosphere of Western culture, such as Christmas, Halloween, the NBA, soccer and Valentine's Day, how many people can find the freshness and joy of the past in traditional Chinese culture, such as the Spring Festival, temple fairs, traditional theater, shadow puppets, traditional folk music and other traditional Chinese cultural forms? When another kind of "worshiping foreigners and pandering to outsiders" is quietly popular among us, we have already raised our own "guns" in front of the position of resisting Western cultural aggression!

Many folk cultures are gradually disappearing

Folk culture is the cultural heritage left to us by our ancestors, Xia Boqun told reporters that the folk culture mainly includes four kinds, namely, folk literature, folk performing arts, folk art and folk culture, but from the current situation, these forms of culture inherited from the crystallization of the wisdom of China's laboring people have been gradually losing their markets and space for survival and development under the impact of various kinds. However, in many cases, these cultural forms, which have inherited the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese working people, have gradually lost their markets and space for survival and development under various impacts, and have become extinct.

There are many kinds of folk literature, and almost all types of folk literature in China can be found in Henan, including myths, stories, legends, ballads, proverbs and so on, which constitute the general history of Chinese oral literature, and have had a great influence on people's moral thinking in the past. The myths of Henan are known as one of the wonders of Chinese mythology. The Yellow Emperor of Xinzheng, Fuxi of Zhoukou, and Pangu of Uyang express the inner and timeless national imagination that only exists in the East. However, with the process of modernization and the mutation of people's ideological concepts, some of the folk literature is no longer in circulation and is rapidly disappearing and then dying out.

Folk performing arts include folk theater, music, dance, martial arts, and acrobatics, which also have a long history, having arisen, developed, and been handed down from ancient times. Chinese folk drama originated from primitive labor songs and dances, and is one of the three major sources of drama in the world. Henan folk theater in the Republic of China at the end of the survey there are more than 80 kinds of drama, which has the Taoist love, two strings, etc., but according to the current survey and statistics only more than 30, after the founding of the country an average of one kind of demise each year. Xia Boqun said that the demise of each type of theater means the demise of this form of theatrical music performance, and the remaining 30 or so types of theater is also a miserable business, professional performances have been very few. In the just liberated, Henan has a large number of professional troupes traveled to the countryside, and now many of the professional troupes that still exist are facing an existential crisis, and some of the good ones can only barely maintain survival. Xia Boqun gave the reporter another example, there is a musical instrument called the chip in Henan Yanling, is the past with the Buddhist music and produced, has actually died out, the only remaining one can play the instrument of the old man has also died not long ago.

In Lijiang's Naxi music culture, the famous Naxi ancient music is a must-hear for everyone who visits Lijiang. But now, with the decline of Naxi ancient music, lost and decline, the music form will also become "this song should only be on the sky, the world can get a few times heard".

Folk art, including porcelain, clay sculpture, jade carving, New Year's paintings, paper-cutting and other types, they are also a very precious heritage. Xia Boqun introduced to the reporter said, Henan Huaiyang Tai Hao Mausoleum of mud mud dog, although it looks rough, but it has a very deep historical heritage, known as prehistoric totem, which brings the primitive information to modern times. In the past, it was simply a hot seller at the temple fair of Taihao Ling, however, the production of mud dogs has become less and less now. I remember when I was a child, every time my mother went to Tai Hao Mausoleum to burn incense, always bring back some naive mud dog, they left the author a wonderful childhood memories, but now there are very few children can see this kind of craft toys.

Traditional arts and crafts from the 1980s began to encounter new challenges, Fujian is well known for the arts and crafts industry, such as lacquer ware, cork painting, bamboo weaving, Dehua porcelain sculpture are in a difficult situation of lack of successors. Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces and cities with developed arts and crafts are also in a state of recession. Other art forms such as New Year's paintings, paper-cutting used to be very popular in the folk, but since the 1980s, the traditional woodblock prints, in addition to experts, scholars, foreigners, very few people ask. As for paper-cutting, those who are currently learning it are mainly rural women, and young people don't pay much attention to its inheritance.

Folk culture reflects the various customs of the common people who work at sunrise and rest at sunset, such as temple fairs and the Spring Festival. There is a great deal of national connotation in these traditional festivals, yet with the arrival of a large number of festivals in the West, many Chinese festivals are fading out. Experts engaged in related research have pointed out: "Many ethnic folklore and folk customs are gone. The Spring Festival, which is full of Chinese folk culture, is supposed to be a manifestation of national cohesion and affinity, but we don't know how to go about it now! Now that the festival has no cultural carrier, the cultural connotation becomes more and more empty, and people lose interest in the festival."

Yang Liping, the "Peacock Princess," is worried about the changes she has seen in Yunnan: many stunts are on the verge of being lost because they have outlived their usefulness, and a new generation prefers jeans to traditional clothing. After investigating the village of Baka, an expert pointed out that if no attention is paid to and protection is given, the national oral history and its customary inheritance mechanism may disappear within 20 years. This situation is not uncommon in many villages in Yunnan. Famous writer Feng Jicai said with concern that many villages of ethnic minorities are now turned into foreign buildings, historical memory and inheritance are gone. If this development continues, in a decade or so, all our traditional things will be gone.

We are depriving them of their right to survive and develop

Feng Jicai once said, "We are in a period of transformation from an agrarian civilization to an industrial civilization. In such a special period, our culture has no carrier, which is a big problem. People feel the foreign things especially fresh, the original things are thrown away." Xia Boqun also told reporters that there are four main reasons why various national folk cultures have lost the opportunity to develop and even become extinct.

First of all, the agricultural era has come to an end, into the industrial era, these directly led to the original folk culture of the survival of the soil changes, people's social psychology, behavioral habits, as well as the spirit of mutation.

In fact, the Chinese culture that we are so proud of is composed of two parts, half of which is the culture of the elite and the canonical books, and half of which is the folk culture. Both parts are equally important and cannot replace each other.

Folk culture is our ancestors for 5,000 years to create an extremely rich and valuable cultural wealth, is our national spirit of emotion, personality traits, and cohesion and affinity carrier, but also the development of our advanced culture of spiritual resources and national roots, as well as the comprehensive national strength of the indispensable and solid spiritual content. However, because folk culture has long been ignored and not viewed culturally and in the context of globalization, this "half of Chinese culture", so far we do not know the overall state of folk culture, we do not even know how much folk culture has disappeared.

Once again, folk culture is a very fragile way of survival, and it has never been strengthened in the same way as classical and canonical culture. And folk culture also has a fatal weakness, its inheritance is generally oral, and there are a lot of "pass male not female, pass inside not outside" and other taboos, the scope of inheritance is also very narrow, most of the masters to the apprentice, the father to the son, and so on such a form, once there is a disconnect, this form of it will soon be extinct.

Rhyming shadow puppets, wandering four sides of the rapper, witty and humorous form of music and art ...... these through thousands of years of generations handed down a lot of dazzling cultural heritage composed of today's profound Chinese civilization of 5,000 years. However, it is also due to the fact that most of them have been passed down from generation to generation only by virtue of oral transmission and in a rather fragile manner. In the face of the strengthening of openness and exchanges, the impact of the multicultural trend, the master craftsmen are more and more confused and helpless: on the one hand, with the age of the old, they are more and more strong and urgent expectations of the apprenticeship; on the other hand, the young people are busy working to earn money, chasing the new trend, the interest in the national culture of the traditional, not many, and can be sedentary to learn to observe the even fewer. Once there is no inheritor, it will be like a kite with broken strings, disappearing immediately and becoming nothing. In today's industrialization and globalization, it is bound to suffer a fatal impact.

Finally, folk culture has never been properly recognized, and has even been regarded as feudal superstition. Since the reform and opening up, before China's folk culture was ready to be carefully organized, various Western cultures came to China, and this form of culture with commercial activities had more powerful capital, which caused a strong impact on China's folk culture. In this case, a lot of Oriental people, especially young people also go after fashion, this kind of impetuous behavior on the Chinese folk culture is also devastating.

Inheritance, not just for a cultural existence

In the past few years, with the collision of East and West, there has been a national cultural reflection, the results of which are at three levels of awareness.

The first is the belief that the fracture of folk culture implies, to some extent, the fracture of traditional culture. Therefore, folk culture should not be treated with a historical nihilistic understanding, and should not be allowed to break down but should be passed on. If what happened yesterday can be cut off today, then I am afraid that the 5,000-year civilization history of our Chinese nation would have long ceased to exist. Although there is no denying the great role of classical and canonical culture, but more should see folk culture is the crystallization of hundreds of millions of working people's labor, the protection of folk culture is the continuation of folk culture from the cry.

Secondly, the more intense collision between the East and the West makes the status of folk culture rise, become the foundation of modern culture and color, but also become a national culture **** knowledge, national culture continues to be the basis and emotional ties. If all the culture of the East died out, the memory of the brain is gone, all replaced by Western culture, then the Chinese nation will be a concept of what should be reconsidered. Xia Boqun said this led directly to the emergence of the Chinese cultural movement, which culminated in the 16th National Congress report's explicit proposal to protect the nation's advanced heritage.

Once again, this could rise to the level of national cultural security. The intentions of the US CIA can be described as extremely sinister, and they have already used this sinister intention against a generation of young people in China who are growing up rapidly, and will continue to increase in the future of their lives. From Japan's 50 years of cultural aggression against Taiwan, we can see the clues, in those 50 years, Japan's intentions are equally sinister, they asked Taiwan compatriots are not allowed to speak Chinese but only Japanese, not allowed to celebrate Chinese festivals, stripped off the Chinese temple and rebuilt the Japanese shrine, which has directly led to the present in Taiwan there are still some people still believe in the Japanese culture and even recognize the Japanese culture. Japan's sinister intention is to change or even erase the cultural memory in the hearts of Taiwan compatriots through these, this behavior has risen and involved China's cultural security issues.

The protection and rescue of folk culture has reached a very urgent point, not only from the above three levels, because our folk culture also assumes the function of five resources, such as political resources, educational resources, moral resources, cultural industry resources, and resources for future cultural construction.

"Folk culture is different from the scriptures and history, they exist in ordinary folk houses and people's life and living, it is the culture of life, and it is an important characterization of national personality traits and unique spirit." Xia Boqun said.

From the point of view of historical inheritance, folk culture is divided into material and non-material. Some experts believe that in the history of the evolution of Chinese civilization, we can see such a law: whenever the tangible material culture is destroyed, the oral intangible culture will play its great historical function, maintain, protect and inherit the spiritual bloodline of Chinese civilization. The fact that Chinese civilization is the only great civilization of ancient mankind that continues to this day is directly related to the strong vitality of oral and intangible culture. It can be said that the oral and intangible cultural heritage is the "living history" of the beliefs of the Chinese nation, and is the spiritual cornerstone of the Chinese nation's independence from the world's peoples.

When the memory of the nation is preserved, a country and a nation will have the possibility and potential for endless growth and long-term development. In this regard, following the art of human oral culture, timely rescue of endangered cultural heritage, so that the intangible culture created by human society can be passed on from generation to generation, and the fruits of civilization can flow for thousands of years and have a long history. This is not only the responsibility of nationals, but also the mission of passing on the flame.

Can we retain their former glory?

With the gradual increase in awareness, China's cultural protection has changed from the original state of self-consciousness to a state of consciousness, and the National People's Congress is currently working on legislation for intangible cultural heritage. Xia Lingqun said the NPC is now speeding up the legislative process in these areas.

February 18, 2003, "China's folk cultural heritage rescue project" was officially launched, this project was also included in the "National Social Science Foundation special commissioned projects", this project is China's first national rescue of folk culture, Census and organize, the project will take 10 years. In that year, the "Chinese Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project" had already been launched in 15 provinces, and important folk cultures were protected, and in 2004, the project was carried out in another 9 provinces and cities. Feng has also worked with local schools to develop vernacular teaching materials to foster national cultural sentiments among young students.

Also for paper-cutting, most of the paper cuttings in western Henan play with themselves, but the paper cuttings in Weixian County, Hebei Province, are exported to more than 40 countries and regions, with an annual output value of tens of millions of yuan. "This involves the problem of market concept." Xia Boqun believes that some folk art is difficult to connect with the market, even if the support is difficult to last. For those who have deep historical roots, rich in cultural information, and can be connected to the market of folk art can be targeted development. For example, the Tengpai butterfly painting in Kaifeng, Henan Province, which used to be a symbol of nobility, is seeking more solutions to promote its entry into the market, and then be better inherited. What should be done about some folk art forms that can no longer cater to the market? "Then raise it." Xia Boqun said.

For traditional culture, it can only be valued when people generally recognize that the nation's culture is quintessential and worthy of the world's attention. Therefore, Xia Boqun believes that "the national education department should strengthen this aspect of attention, grasp the traditional culture of education work should start from primary and secondary schools, in the teaching materials should not only add the history of culture, more importantly, each place has its own regional culture, so should be from the cultivation of local cultural awareness of cultural inheritance. However, unfortunately China's exam-oriented education has stifled these!"

And traditional cultural education for the next generation is one of the best means to revolutionize. According to reports, it is difficult to see the figure of traditional folk culture in the internal and external education of schools at all levels across the country. Experts on the subject said with no small amount of concern: "The lack of education and interest in the next generation will probably kill the future of traditional folk culture!"