Analysis of Chemistry Examination Paper of National College Entrance Examination in 2020

? In 2020, the chemistry test paper operation system adheres to the basic idea of "attaching importance to foundation, exploring and connecting with practice", which not only focuses on examining basic knowledge and skills, but also focuses on examining students' innovative consciousness and exploring ability, which embodies a comprehensive examination of students' scientific literacy. Give full play to the guiding role of senior high school entrance examination evaluation in chemistry education and teaching, implement quality education and implement the fundamental task of moral education.

I. Guiding ideology

Adhere to the correct political direction, cultivate and practice socialist core values, and carry forward China's excellent traditional culture and patriotism; Adhere to the education-oriented principle, follow the educational concept and literacy orientation of curriculum standards, and strengthen students' sense of social responsibility; Insist on embodying and implementing the core literacy of chemistry, and pay attention to the examination of essential knowledge and key abilities of chemistry. Guide students to understand the important role of chemistry in promoting social development and improving the quality of human life, and highlight the educational value of the subject.

Second, the principle of proposition

The examination paper system strictly follows the Chemistry Curriculum Standard for Compulsory Education (20 1 1 version), which reflects the basic requirements of the curriculum standard for students' knowledge and skills, processes and methods, emotional attitudes and values, and examines students' ability to master basic knowledge and skills and solve common chemical problems in production and life. The proposition adheres to the principles of scientificity, guidance, foundation, innovation and the times; Adhere to the provincial unified examination for junior high school graduates, which is fair, objective, comprehensive and accurate. Reflect the concept and requirements of curriculum reform, combine teaching practice and students' cognitive characteristics, and take into account the contents of different versions of chemistry textbooks (People's Education Edition, Shanghai Education Edition, York Edition, etc.). ), strengthen the examination of scientific inquiry ability with experiment as the core, highlight the close relationship between chemistry and production and life, and reflect the subject characteristics and application value of chemistry.

Third, the characteristics of the test questions

1. Focus on the foundation and highlight the key points.

The test questions focus on the examination of the main knowledge, covering a wide range of knowledge, covering all the contents of the five first-level themes and nineteen second-level themes of the "course content" in the curriculum standard, and paying attention to reflecting the requirements of different levels of the curriculum standard. Appropriately set questions and assign scores, and give full play to the testing functions of different questions. The test questions revolve around the properties of acid, alkali, salt, metal and gas, the law of conservation of mass, chemical experiments, chemical calculations and other important contents. It embodies the characteristics of "annual examination of key knowledge". According to the requirement of "integration of two tests", the proportion of easy, medium and difficult test questions is set to 7 ︰ 2 1. The test paper is beautifully typeset, standardized in format, illustrated with pictures and texts, clearly expressed in the stem, and clearly points to the problem; Reasonably set up the structure of test questions, reduce rote memorization of test questions, have no digression and strange questions, and pay attention to ability and conception while examining the foundation.

2. Create a situation that reflects the application.

Close contact with social reality, novel background materials, strong sense of the times, focusing on examining students' understanding and application of knowledge in real and concrete situations. The situation of the test questions comes from the reality of production, life or scientific research, such as: the first 1 topic "Wheat is mature in Henan, and the whole country is full of grain", which examines important nutrients of human beings such as sugar. The second question examines the judgment of changes in firing porcelain through "traditional handicrafts". The fourth topic, "Green in the Central Plains", investigates the sources of common air, water and soil pollutants. In addition, title 9 "Disinfectant", title1/chlor-alkali industry, title 13 "Controlling automobile exhaust", title 16 "Chang 'e IV", title 19 "Alcohol fuel" and title 2.

3. Highlight the experiment and strengthen the ability.

The chemistry test questions focus on eight experiments that students must do according to the curriculum standards, such as:No. 17 "Preparation of sodium chloride solution", No.22 "Laboratory preparation and properties of oxygen", No.23 "Chemical properties of metals", No.24 "Laboratory preparation and purification of carbon dioxide" and No.25 "Properties and inspection of acid, alkali and salt". In addition, experimental innovations were also investigated, such as the 7th question "Dilution of concentrated sulfuric acid", 18 question "Simulation of ironmaking with micro-devices", and the 24th question "Connection and drawing of gasification, impurity removal and drying devices in the laboratory". These questions examine students' experimental inquiry ability to varying degrees, and reflect the unique value of chemical experiments. The test questions also focus on students' ability to observe, describe and explain simple chemical phenomena, as well as their ability to analyze and judge the properties and changes of related substances from a chemical point of view.

4. Strive for progress in stability and be brave in innovation.

The test paper life system adheres to the principle of "making progress while being steady, making progress while being innovative". The test method is flexible and the gradient is reasonable, which is suitable for the choice of students at different levels and keeps the stability and guidance of the test paper. Highlight the examination of the core concepts of junior middle school chemistry, such as elements, particles, classification, change, subject value and so on; Important contents such as chemical terms are kept in focus, and element symbols, chemical formulas and chemical equations are examined in various forms, such as: No.4, No.9, 1 1, 13, 14, 15 and15. Pay attention to the examination of language expression ability, such as 2 1, 22, 23 and 25 questions. The proposition angle of the test questions is novel and innovative, which improves the inquiry, openness and comprehensiveness of the test questions, such as: the analysis of common disinfectants in question 9, the microscopic schematic diagram of controlling automobile exhaust reaction in question 13, the properties and related calculation of ethanol in question 19, and the inference of substance transformation block diagram in question 20, which involves the comprehensive investigation of "oxygen triangle, carbon triangle and calcium triangle". In addition, the topic 1 1, topic 23, malachite (that is, basic copper carbonate), topic 25, removal of soluble impurities in crude salt water, etc. Presenting high school chemistry knowledge in the form of information questions, examining students' self-study and migration ability, "high starting point and low point" is conducive to the convergence of junior high school and senior high school teaching, and to the expansion and promotion of students' comprehensive ability.

5. Connect with reality and educate people in an all-round way.

The examination questions focus on the educational function of chemistry, strengthen the awareness of safety and environmental protection, and establish the concept of green chemistry. The design of test questions highlights the close relationship between chemistry and life, society and the development of science and technology, draws on Chinese excellent traditional culture, the latest scientific and technological achievements and the reality of production and life, and guides students to take the initiative to care about the social problems related to chemistry faced by human beings, reflect the status of chemistry in society and feel that chemistry is around us. 1 The topic takes the harvest of summer grain in Henan Province as the material to investigate nutrients, the topic 2 takes the firing of ceramics as the material to investigate material changes, the topic 3 takes the goal of green covering the Central Plains as the material to investigate environmental protection, and the topic 16 takes Chang 'e IV as the material to investigate valence and atomic structure schematic diagram, which enriches specific materials, provides support for creating real problem situations and enhances the application of the test questions. Stimulate students to pay attention to social hot spots and focus issues, pay attention to the advocacy and promotion of humanistic spirit while cultivating students' awareness of applied innovation, actively infiltrate scientific attitude and social responsibility education, enhance students' understanding and understanding of subject characteristics and development trends, and promote students' all-round development.

The design of chemistry examination paper is scientific and standardized, which conforms to the nature and function of the examination and has a good guiding role. The whole set of papers is simple but not simple, with high level and connotation, and it is a set of high-quality papers.