Paul’s three stages of growth

Paul's life has four stages:

1. From childhood to joining the Red Army, this is the first stage of his life. During this stage, Paul "got a glimpse of the bottom layer of life, saw the sediment and dregs, and also smelled the smell of decay."

2. In the Red Army, defending the Soviet regime with blood and life was the second stage of Paul's life experience. He and his comrades "ran quickly on horses" and struck hard blows Invaders and counterrevolutionaries have traveled all over the country.

3. Participating in the recovery and construction of the national economy is his third stage.

4. What saddened him the most was the fourth stage of losing health. His right leg is disabled and he is blind. The most painful thing was that he was far away from the job he loved, and he even thought about committing suicide, but he survived, using literature as a weapon, "went back to the team and started a new life."

Original text introduction:

Pavel Korchagin (Павел Корчагин, English: Pavel Korchagin) was born in a poor family of railway workers. He lost his father when he was young and relied on his mother to do laundry and work for others. Cover rice to make ends meet. He was expelled from school because he hated the priest who usually looked down on him and sprinkled cigarette ashes on the Easter cake at the priest's house.

When he was 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen as a busboy. He was humiliated there, so he hated the shopkeepers who oppressed the poor and the rich people who lived and drank. After the outbreak of the "October Revolution", the imperialists and reactionaries tried to strangle the new Soviet power.

Paul’s hometown of Shepetovka, Ukraine, also experienced years of foreign armed intervention and civil war. The Red Army liberated the town of Shepetovka but quickly withdrew. Only the old Bushwick Juhlai was left to do underground work in the town. Zhu Helai was very friendly, taught Paul how to learn British boxing, and also cultivated Paul's simple revolutionary enthusiasm.

Once, Paul himself was imprisoned for rescuing Zhu Helai. Then the enemy misplaced him due to negligence. Paul was afraid of falling into the clutches of the enemy again and did not dare to go home. So he involuntarily came to Tonya's garden gate and jumped into the garden. Because Paul had rescued Tonya during the last fishing trip, and she liked his "enthusiastic and stubborn" character, his arrival made her very happy.

Paul also feels that Tonya is different from other rich girls. They all feel the vague love. In order to take refuge, he agreed to Tonya's request and stayed. A few days later, Tonya found Paul's brother Artem, who sent his younger brother Korchagin to Kachadin to join the Red Army.

This article comes from the expanded information of "How Steel Was Tempered" by Nikolai Ostrovsky of the former Soviet Union

Writing background:

"How Steel Was Tempered" is a novel written by the former Soviet writer Nikolai Ostrovsky, written in 1933. By narrating the growth path of Paul Korchagin, the novel tells people that only when a person defeats the enemy and himself in the hardships of the revolution, and only when he connects his pursuit with the interests of the motherland and the people, can he succeed Only by creating miracles can you grow into an Iron Warrior.

In the late 1920s and early 1930s, with the end of the New Economic Policy and the establishment of Stalin’s political and economic system, there was also a demand for a highly centralized and unified situation in the literary and art circles.

The state during the Stalin period used the idea of ??"unification" to educate young people, paying particular attention to the important role of literature and art in cultivating the communist moral character of young people. Stalin required literary works to "pursue direct propaganda "Purpose", the purpose of writing many works is to instill "Communist ideals" in young people.

The official emphasizes the task of literature to "transform and educate the working people in the socialist spirit." The most direct way for literature and art to complete this educational function is to shape people who embody the socialist spirit and communist ideals. heroic figure.

The theme of Soviet literature during this period was to praise socialist transformation and construction, to praise the party and leaders, and to create a glorious image of new Soviet people. The task of Soviet literature was to create images based on communist ideology. A character who absolutely believes in communism and portrays him as real and credible.

Ostrovsky responded to the official call and began to write "Steel". Paul's simple class feelings, fanatical dedication, beautiful longing for communism and absolute devotion to the leader Obedience was exactly what Stalin needed to pursue his line.

About the author:

Nikolai Ayekseevich Ostrovsky (1904-1936), a Soviet proletarian revolutionary writer, was born in From an ordinary working-class family in Ukraine, he began his working life at the age of 12. He joined the Communist Youth League at the age of 15 and participated in the civil war to defend the Soviet power.

In 1920, he was seriously injured and changed his job, and devoted himself to the trend of economic construction. He was successively responsible for the lower and middle-level leadership of the Youth League and the party. He was an "excellent communist fighter" in the Soviet Union.

After a recurrence of the injury resulted in paralysis and blindness, he embarked on the path of literary creation. In 1935, he received the country's highest honor, the Order of Lenin; he died in 1936. He wrote few works in his life, the most famous of which is "How Steel Was Tempered".