How to tell the grade of jadeite? How to distinguish real jade from fake jade?

How to identify the authenticity of jade

1. Glossy appearance: whether it is translucent or opaque, real jade has a warm luster, and it is normal to have a small amount of impurities or cotton-wool patterns inside; Fake jade articles are dry and dull, and some have bubbles.

② Hardness measurement: Carve and scrape with a knife, leaving no trace of real jade.

(3) The proportion of jade: real jade feels heavy, while fake jade floats lightly.

(4) Listening: hanging jade with a thread and knocking with a hard object, the authentic sound is crisp and pleasant, and the aftertaste is melodious; The fake one is dull and dry.

⑤ Look at the fracture surface: With a magnifying glass of 10 times, the fracture surface of real jade is uneven, and a fine structure can be seen; Fake jade has a neat and shiny fracture, often a glass imitation, and its fracture structure is rough and waxy.

Jade culture is a profound and special culture in China, which runs through various historical periods in China. About 500 Chinese characters come from the word "jade". Many people add the word "jade" to the description of beautiful things, such as jade girl, jade hand, jade capacity, jade photo, jade body, etc ... Even if they make sacrifices for justice, they are described as "jade broken".

Jade has a wide meaning. Generally speaking, beautiful stones that are naturally generated and processed into delicate, smooth, bright-colored, tough and chemically stable can all be classified as jade. What people usually say about jade is actually nephrite and jadeite. Nephrite refers to jade composed of tremolite-actinolite minerals, namely white jade, jadeite, jasper and topaz. Jadeite refers to jadeite similar to nephrite, which is native to Myanmar. Diamonds, rubies, agates, corals, coal crystals and tortoise shells are all "organic gems". People's requirements for soft and hard jade are the same, that is, the ones with hard and dense texture and bright and beautiful color are better.

China Neolithic jade, the earliest data can be found in the Xianrendong site in Haicheng, Liaoning, about1.2000 years ago. This is a snake-shaped stone tool. Later, with the invention of grinding technology, people finally found regularly that there are still a number of materials in the stone that are particularly delicate and beautiful after grinding. Although people don't know it is jade yet, it has been deliberately selected for human body decoration.

People who play jade for the first time are most afraid of encountering fakes because they don't understand jade. At present, the identification of glass imitation jade products on the market is probably the most common and simple one among fakes. Common ones are bare small rings, chicken hearts and jade pieces called "emeralds". Because this kind of glass product is made by casting mold, the high-temperature glass liquid will overflow a little at the edge of the object when it is combined, and it will become a vaguely convex mold line after cooling. Touch it with your hand, and your eyes will find something. If you look at the light with a magnifying glass, there must be large and small bubbles inside.

If experts are not invited, people who use jade for the first time should identify the authenticity of jade by themselves, which can be observed from three aspects:

1. Because the texture of glass is very brittle and hard, the structure is clearly arranged, and it lacks the density and toughness of jade, so it can't stand strong and high-speed rotary carving, so it is generally impossible to process high relief and round carving on glass.

Second, use a magnifying glass to find bubbles, even if you can only see one, you can confirm that it is not jade.

Thirdly, chromium oxide is added into the glass, and the color is close to ruby; Adding cobalt oxide, the color is close to sapphire; Adding chromium oxide and copper oxide, the color is close to * * * … and so on, and there are many kinds of fake jade. However, their colors are always relatively thin, lacking the oily and rich feeling of natural jade color.

The identification of new jade and old jade is different. The identification of new jade focuses on the authenticity of the variety, the quality of the texture and the fineness of the sculptor. The identification of old jade is relatively complicated. In addition to several basic requirements, new jade also needs to identify its production and historical value.

Textual research on the historical value of jade is based on a clear era. To be familiar with the common shapes, characteristics, crafts and colors of jades in different times, we can often consult books and materials on jades, which will subtly improve the dating level of jades. Correct the parallax between pictures and objects in the book as much as possible.

How to distinguish real jade from fake jade

At present, some booths selling Baoyu in the market are often mixed with some exquisite artificial jade. The more reliable identification methods are: seeing, listening and testing.

Look, mainly depends on the crystal transparency, real jade has strong transparency and oily luster;

Listen, Zhen Yu's voice is crisp, but her voice is dull;

In the test, the real jade scratched the glass, but the jade itself was intact.

Common fake jade includes plastic, stained glass, marble, electrochromic fake jade made of jade powder and crystal with salt water, imitation jade containing nitrate, etc. And their identification methods are different.

Plastic is lighter than jade, and its hardness is poor, so it is generally easy to identify.

It's easy to distinguish between painting and getting off work. As long as you take it under the light or check it in the sun, you will see many bubbles in the glass.

It is difficult to distinguish fake jade by electric color. Its purpose is to electroplate inferior jade and then coat it with a beautiful emerald appearance, so it is easy to mistake it for real jade. At this time, you need to observe carefully. If there are some small cracks with blue in the green, it is fake jade. Because electroplating will leave cracks, experts call it "spider claws". It is also said that if the electro-colored fake jade is put in hot oil, the electroplating color will fade and return to its original color.

Synthetic jade made of jade powder, crystal and salt water is an imitation dark old pit jade. The identification method is simple, that is, their specific gravity is different. The specific gravity of natural jade is 3.3-3.4, while that of synthetic jade is only 2.8. Weigh by hand, or use a balance to distinguish between true and false.

Jade imitated with nitrate looks whiter and smoother than jade. The ancients said, "Jade is better than salt, so it must be high." That is, white jade should be as advanced as nitrate. It can be seen that nitrate and jade are difficult to distinguish. However, the facts are different after all. As far as color is concerned, white jade is often blue, and white is rare, while nitrate is pure white. As far as jade is concerned, jade is moist and delicate, as fat as cream. Nitrate is wet, but there are thieves in it. White jade is a natural product, and it is difficult to have a unified structure, including jade ribs and jade flowers. If nitrates are manufactured artificially, there is no such appearance. White jade has a solid texture and no bubbles can be found. No matter how well nitrate is treated, bubbles and pores are often exposed. If you know these items, you won't regard nitrate products as jade articles.

The easiest way is to take a flashlight and see the color of jade. If it is transparent, it is false. If it is light green, it is true. At present, some booths selling Baoyu in the market are often mixed with some exquisite artificial jade. The more reliable identification methods are: seeing, listening and testing.

Look, mainly depends on the crystal transparency, real jade has strong transparency and oily luster;

Listen, Zhen Yu's voice is crisp, but her voice is dull;

In the test, the real jade scratched the glass, but the jade itself was intact. Common fake jade includes plastic, stained glass, marble, electrochromic fake jade made of jade powder and crystal with salt water, imitation jade containing nitrate, etc. And their identification methods are different. Plastic is lighter than jade, and its hardness is poor, so it is generally easy to identify. Coloring is also easy to distinguish. As long as you take it under the light or check it in the sun, you will see many bubbles in the glass. It is difficult to distinguish fake jade by electric color. Its purpose is to electroplate inferior jade and then coat it with a beautiful emerald appearance, so it is easy to mistake it for real jade. At this time, you need to observe carefully. If there are some small cracks with blue in the green, it is fake jade. Because electroplating will leave cracks, experts call it "spider claws". It is also said that if the electro-colored fake jade is put in hot oil, the electroplating color will fade and return to its original color. Synthetic jade made of jade powder, crystal and salt water is an imitation dark old pit jade. The identification method is simple, that is, their specific gravity is different. The specific gravity of natural jade is 3.3-3.4, while that of synthetic jade is only 2.8. Weigh by hand, or use a balance to distinguish between true and false. Jade imitated with nitrate looks whiter and smoother than jade. The ancients said, "Jade is better than salt, so it must be high." That is, white jade should be as advanced as nitrate. It can be seen that nitrate and jade are difficult to distinguish. However, the facts are different after all. As far as color is concerned, white jade is often blue, and white is rare, while nitrate is pure white. As far as jade is concerned, jade is moist and delicate, as fat as cream. Nitrate is wet, but there are thieves in it. White jade is a natural product, and it is difficult to have a unified structure, including jade ribs and jade flowers. If nitrates are manufactured artificially, there is no such appearance. White jade has a solid texture and no bubbles can be found. No matter how well nitrate is treated, bubbles and pores are often exposed. If you know these items, you won't regard nitrate products as jade articles.

Discrimination of jadeware authenticity

Emerald is expensive, and the selection technology is very demanding. It is difficult for most consumers to distinguish its advantages and disadvantages, and it is easy to buy inferior products or fakes with a little carelessness and suffer huge economic losses. There are many jade shops in the market, and jade articles are generally divided into nephrite and jadeite. Emerald is also called emerald. Academically speaking, nephrite is a silicate containing calcium, magnesium and iron; Jadeite is a silicate containing sodium and aluminum.

Identify the quality and authenticity of jade articles;

Identification method of water → Drop a drop of water on jade, if it is dewdrop-shaped, it is real jade; The water droplets disappear quickly, which is a fake.

Touch by hand → Real jade will feel cold and lubricated if touched by hand.

Inspection method → Put jade in bright places such as sunshine and light. If the color is clear and the green is evenly distributed, it is a real jade.

Licking the tongue → licking the real jade with the tip of the tongue has a astringent feeling; Fake jade has no astringency.

Magnifying glass viewing method → Put the purchased jade under a magnifying glass to watch, mainly to see whether there are cracks. The jade without cracks is the best quality jade, followed by cracks. Even if it is real jade, the value of cracks is greatly reduced. The more cracks, the more obvious and the lower the value.

Jed's little knowledge

Jade is divided into Hetian jade in Xinjiang, dushan jade in Henan and xiuyan jade in Liaoning by region. Among them, Hetian jade in Xinjiang is a famous specialty in China.

Jade can be divided into jadeite and nephrite. Emerald has different colors due to various metal impurities, such as green (emerald) containing chromium, red (emerald) containing iron, purple, orange, yellow, white and jet. Nephrite is white, (suet color), dark green and so on. Nephrite has oily luster, which is different from the glass luster of jadeite.

Nephrite is a treasure of many antique lovers and jade collectors, and its personality is expensive; Jadeite is a jadeite ornament seen in the market, and its personality is much cheaper than nephrite.

The simple way to distinguish between good and bad jade ornaments seen in the market is to look at the color, texture, transparency and processing the day after tomorrow. When buying jade ornaments, it is necessary to prevent artificial imitation of jade. Artificial imitation jade is made of glass, plastic and other materials after dyeing. Most artificial imitation jade in glass contains bubbles, with bright colors and strong brightness, and the coloring is different from that of real jade. Plastic is lighter than real jade, with poor transparency and dim tone, which is far from real jade.

Jade is round, flaky and has a hole in the middle.

Jade Cong is an important and mysterious ritual vessel in ancient jade articles in China. It is not only used for offering sacrifices to the earth, but also a symbol of authority.

Jade burial can be used for two purposes, burial and sacrifice.

There are three kinds of jade cicadas: one is cicada, which is worn on the body to show elegance. The second kind is the crown cicada, which is decorated on the crown. The third kind is cicada, which is used for funeral. After death, I have a cicada in my mouth, hoping that I can degenerate and be reborn like a cicada.

The earliest jade found in China so far is a small stone knife made of crystal, which was unearthed from the late Paleolithic site in Huxian County, Shanxi Province, 8000 years ago.

Distinguishing jade mainly depends on five characteristics: strength (wealth), brightness (brightness), integrity (purity), beauty (color beauty) and softness. If you have both, it is the top grade.

Jade is inferior if it is light (dull), turbid (dark), old (dark in color), flowery (impure) and oblique (incongruous).

Correct selection of the size of jade bracelet ring. It feels a little tight to put the four fingers (except the thumb) of the jade bracelet on the tiger's mouth. Then remove the measured inner diameter. If it happens to be 55 mm, then this size fits your collar.

Jade contains zinc, magnesium, copper, selenium, chromium, manganese, cobalt and other trace elements beneficial to human body. Wearing jade often can make human skin absorb trace elements, which is helpful to the coordination and balance of physiological functions of human organs.

Some jade has the physical characteristics of absorbing light during the day and emitting light at night. When the jade spot is aimed at a certain point in the human body, it can stimulate the meridians and dredge the viscera, which has obvious health care function.

Wearing a jade bracelet with a "senile point" on the wrist of the elderly can play a role in massage and health care, which can not only improve the symptoms of blurred vision of the elderly, but also store vitality and nourish the spirit.

Emerald in the market is divided into four types according to the grade of authenticity: A, B, C and D. A. The raw materials and finished products of jadeite are genuine, and there is no artificial fraud. It is both a natural texture and a natural color. B Emerald: Emerald with black spots, commonly known as "dirty", will drop out of school physically, remove flaws and increase transparency. The treatment destroyed the structure of jadeite, reduced the quality of jadeite and changed some optical and physical properties of jadeite. The C-goods in Burmese jadeite are completely artificially colored, while the D-goods are fakes.

Emerald is called jadeite in mineralogy. The main producing area is Myanmar. The quality of jadeite depends on its green color. High-quality * * * color rich and bright, high-quality transparent, no impurities, no black spots, no stone flowers, uniform and beautiful.

One of the methods to identify artificial treatment of jadeite: water drop method. Natural jadeite drops concentrated hydrochloric acid, and sweat will appear on its surface within a few seconds or minutes; There is no such phenomenon in manual processing.

The second method to identify the artificial treatment of jadeite: knocking method. Tap natural jade gently to make a crisp and pleasant sound; Knocking on man-made objects will make a deep sound.

Identify the third method of artificial treatment of jadeite: acid roasting. Rub the jade with concentrated acid, bake it with a red-hot needle cover, and repeat it two or three times. Now the spots that can turn yellow and enlarge are artificially treated jadeite, but the ones that do not produce spots are natural jadeite.

When buying jade bracelets, you should learn to distinguish between jade lines and cracks. Jade veins (also called jade tendons) are not surprising. Cracks are secondary cracks formed in the process of mining, transportation, processing or storage of jade, which affect the appearance and potentially cause the danger of fracture.

White jade is not equal to white jade White jade is the proper name of nephrite. Some are like sheep fat. Known as "sheep fat jade", it is an extremely precious nephrite variety. Jade, mainly formed by other minerals, must not be called white jade because of its white color.