Knowledge Contest Quiz on Opera

There are many ways of saying "what is meant by opera", but the one that is generally recognized is that of Wang Guowei, what did he say?

Answer: According to Wang Guowei, opera is the performance of stories through song and dance.

2. What is the earliest history of opera in China?

Answer: One of the earliest histories of opera in China was Wang Guowei's Examination of Song and Yuan Opera, written in 1902.

3. Who was the earliest opera actor in China?

Answer: The earliest opera actor in China was You Meng, a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period.

4. What was the earliest opera repertoire in China?

Answer: The earliest opera repertoire in China was the Yellow Duke of the Eastern Sea in the Han Dynasty.

5. Which is the oldest surviving play in China?

Answer: The oldest surviving play in China is "Zhang Xie Scholar" from the Southern Song Dynasty.

6. Who is the most accomplished playwright in the history of Chinese opera? How many plays did he write in his life?

Answer: The most outstanding playwright in the history of Chinese opera is Guan Hanqing, who wrote more than 60 plays in his life.

7. What is the first systematic and comprehensive theoretical work on opera in ancient China?

Answer: The first systematic and comprehensive theoretical work on Chinese opera in ancient times was Idle Happenings by Li Yu of the Qing Dynasty.

8. Which was the earliest theater in China?

Answer: The earliest theater in China was the "Pingxian" built in the west of the city of Luoyang during the Eastern Han Dynasty.

9, China's earliest theater magazine is which?

Answer: China's earliest opera magazine is the "Shanghai Stage Series" edited and published on the eve of the 1911 Revolution, the "Twentieth Century Stage".

10. What is the largest and most popular opera genre in China?

Answer: China's largest and most popular type of opera is Beijing opera.

11. Which is the earliest mature form of Chinese opera? How many types of opera are there now in all ethnic groups and regions of China?

Answer: The earliest mature form of opera in China is generally considered to be the opera texts produced in the Wenzhou area during the Southern Song Dynasty. According to the latest statistics, there are now about 365 types of opera repertoire from all ethnic groups and regions in China.

12. In addition to The Story of the Western Wing, which are the top ten classical comedies in China?

Answer: In addition to The Story of the Western Wing, there are ten other classical comedies in China, including The Rescue of the Wind and Dust, On the Wall, Li Kui Takes a Bramble, Look at the Money Slave, The Tale of the Pixie Hutches, The Wolf of the Mountain, The Jade Hairpin, Green Peonies, and The Kite Mistake. (You only need to answer the names of three of these plays.)

13. "The Tale of the Pipa" belongs to the tragedy or comedy of China's classical operas, and why?

Answer: "The Story of the Pipa" belongs to one of the ten major tragedies in China's classical operas. The Story of the Pipa is a true portrayal of the hard life of the working people in feudal society, written with tragic conflicts, and the dramatic conflict unfolds in a bleak and miserable atmosphere, giving the audience a feeling of grief and indignation.

14. Which are the ten greatest classical Chinese tragedies other than The Tale of the Pipa?

Answer: In addition to Pipa Tale, there are ten Chinese classical tragedies, including Dou'e Grievance, Autumn in the Han Palace, Orphan of Zhao, The Flag of Jingzhong, Jiao Hong Jie, Qingzhong Spectrum, The Palace of Eternal Youth, Peach Blossom Fan, and Leifeng Pagoda. (Only three of the play names can be answered.)

15. Which four artists are known as the Four Great Dancers of Peking Opera?

Answer: The four famous dan of Peking Opera are Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Xun Huisheng and Shang Xiaoyun.

16Which four sagas written by Tang Xianzu, a great dramatist of the Ming Dynasty, are known as the "Four Dreams of Linchuan"?

Answer: The four sagas created by Tang Xianzu, a great dramatist of the Ming Dynasty, are called "The Tale of the Purple Hairpin", "The Tale of the Return of the Soul" (i.e., "The Peony Pavilion"), "The Tale of the Nanko", and "The Tale of Handan", which are known as "The Four Dreams of Linchuan".

17There were four famous writers of plays in the Yuan Dynasty who were collectively known as the "Four Greats of Yuan Opera", please name them.

Answer: The "Four Greats of Yuan Opera" were Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu.

18. After the 1930s, what was a special voice used by clowns? Are you familiar with the famous clowns who sang this voice? Please name 1-2.

Answer: Phlegmatic voice. The famous clowns who sang this voice type are Ah Ni, Nun Clown, Guo Shimei, Li Youcun and so on.

19. There is a saying in opera singing that "a thousand pounds of white, four taels of singing", why?

Answer: It shows the importance of nianbai, which is not to be taken lightly by the actors when they use singing and nianbai to express the thoughts and feelings of the characters.

20. What is the abbreviation for the method of biting and spitting in Teochew opera? Please give an example.

Answer: The method of spelling and singing. (Actor example)

21, Chaozhou opera is a high-cavity opera, there are gang singing, please tell you several forms of gang singing and give examples.

Answer: Teochew Opera Gang Singing has two forms, one is synchronized with the singer, for the singer to help the end of the cavity, such as "sweeping the window will" Gao Wenju sing "lifting the eyes of the clouds and the mountains," "clouds and mountains," plus Gang Singing; one is as a playwright for the play Gang Singing;, such as backstage song, and so on.

22, Chaozhou Opera music key category there are five main, please name them and give examples.

Answer: light three six tunes, such as "Su Liu Niang" sung "spring breeze to the garden"; heavy three six tunes, such as "sweeping the window" sung "had the diamond flower to light"; live three five tunes, such as "the capital will" "happy to get the honor of the body in the high school"; the opposite line of the tune, such as "stabbing the Liang Ji" sung "for the philistine since the Taoist"; guilty of the tune, such as "Liang Zai to ask for a bride" sung "the heart of the joy of the ten percent", and so on.

23, Chaozhou Opera singing structure, in addition to the tune of the body, there are several other structural forms, please name them.

Answer: the board cavity body, fill in the words of the body and minor key body.

24、There are three forms of accompaniment in the history of Teochew Opera, namely, concerto, unison and orchestrated accompaniment, please name the approximate time of their phasing.

Answer: concerto before the founding of the country, the early founding of the country for the concerto, the "Cultural Revolution" during the orchestral accompaniment.

25, with two-four music "five, two, three, four" to read the light three-six keys, heavy three-six keys and live three-five keys.

26, on the stage of the opera, everyone knows "on the stage door", "down the stage door", Chaozhou opera, which two other most commonly used call?

Answer: The opera stage "on the door", "down the door", Chaozhou Opera, there are two other most commonly used called "Wen-side Wu-side" or "drum-side string-side".

27, the theater stage performance area, in terms of location, the more common is to divide it into nine districts, do you know how to divide? How is each area called?

Answer: The performance area of the opera stage can be divided into: front left, front center, front right; center left, center, center right; after the left, after the center, after the right, **** nine districts.

28, what is called "three small theater"?

Answer: "three small plays" is a small student, small Dan and clown-based plays, such as "picking up the jade bracelet", "in the closet" and so on.

29. In traditional opera, a table and two chairs can be used to represent a variety of scenery, can you name three?

Answer: In traditional opera, the "table" of one table and two chairs can represent many kinds of scenery, such as table, table, several chairs, beds, mountains, slopes, walls, bridges, etc.

30: In traditional opera, the "table" of one table and two chairs can represent many kinds of scenery.

30The Peking Opera has the names of "Big Flower Face", "Two Flower Face" and "Three Flower Face".

Answer: Peking Opera's "Big Flower Face", Chao Opera is called "Wufang"; Peking Opera's "Two Flower Face", Chao Opera does not have such a division, it is more difficult to match, but Chao Opera's "Straw Shoes and Wufang" belongs to the "Two Flower Face"; the Peking Opera's "Three Flower Face", Chao Opera is called "Ugly".

31、Ancient Chinese opera performers were called "children of the pear orchard", from which dynasty did the title "children of the pear orchard" come from:

A、Song Dynasty B、Yuan Dynasty C、Tang Dynasty

(Standard Answer: C、Tang Dynasty)

32、Which play is the fragment of "Han Ke Ke guarding the palace"

A、Searching for the academy of the book B、Qiu of the Palace of Han C、Orphanage of Zhao

A、Searching for the Academy B、Autumn of Han Gong Zhao's Orphan

(Standard C, Zhao's Orphan

33, the world-famous sculpture "The Thinker" is the work of who:

A, Michelangelo B, Rodin C, Picasso (Standard answer: B, Rodin)

34, the world famous painting "Slender Man on the Volga" is the author of:

A, Ilevitan B, Shishkin C. Leben (Standard Answer: C. Leben)

35: Where is the famous line "The peacock flies southeast, wandering five miles at a time" from:

A. Poetry B. Yuanqu C. Lefu (Standard Answer: C. Lefu)

36: Who is the author of the lyrics of "The Internationale"?

A. Marx B. Baudouin C. Beethoven (Standard Answer: B. B)

34: Who is the author of the world famous painting "The Slender Man on the Volga"?

35: The author of the world famous painting "The Slender Man on the Volga" is: A. Yereviathan B,

37. The idiom of "smiling" means:

A, modest B, holding up C, vivid (Standard Answer: B, holding up)

38. The Three Forks best expresses the Chinese opera's:

A, lyrical B, ideological C, virtual (Standard Answer: C, virtual)

39.

40. "Gag" in opera means:

A, walking sideways, B, turning in the clouds, C, interspersing to make the audience laugh

(Standard Answer: C, interspersing to make the audience laugh)

41.

A. The classic Chinese opera play Zhao's Orphan attracted the attention of many great European artists in the 18th century, and Europe also put out a play that was similar to it with national differences

The title of this play is:

A. The Good Person of Szechuan B. The Chinese Orphan C. Turandot

(Standard Answer: B. The Chinese Orphan)

42, there is a play in the Bao Gong play called "Gray Rendezvous", there is also a play in Europe to gray Rendezvous to judge the case, the name of the play is:

A, "Taming of the Shrew" B, "Don Quixote" C, "Caucasian Gray Rendezvous"

(standard answer: C, "Caucasian Gray Rendezvous")

43, the "Single Dagger Club", "Qunyin Hui", "Huarong Road" is based on:

A. Folklore B. Water Margin C. Romance of the Three Kingdoms

(Standard Answer: C, Romance of the Three Kingdoms)

44. The traditional play Eight Hammers is based on:

A. Romance of the Three Kingdoms B. Dream of the Red Mansion C. The Complete Story of Saying Yue

(Standard Answer: C, The Complete Story of Saying Yue)

45. The term "theater guts" in the play refers to means:

A, the main role or key plot B, penetrating props or penetrating action

C, the actor's brilliant performance (Standard Answer: A, the main role or key plot)

46, the author of the book "A Hundred Flowers Blossom" is:

A, Mao Zedong B, Lu Xun C, Guo Moruo (Standard Answer: C, Guo Moruo)

47. Stanislavski, Brecht and which Chinese artist constitute the world's three major performance systems:

A, Dai Ailian B, Shang Xiaoyun C, Mei Lanfang (standard answer: C, Mei Lanfang)

48. The author of "Du Shuniang" is:

A, Tang Xianzu B, Feng Menglong C, Wang Shifu (standard answer: B, Feng Menglong)

49.

49. The five ascending scales are:

A, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in the simple meter B, Gong, Shang, Horn, Zheng, Feather

C, five ascending scales (standard answer: B, Gong, Shang, Horn, Zheng, Feather)

50. The famous poem: "If winter comes, will spring be far away?" Whose poem is it:

A, Goethe B, Byron C, Shelley (standard answer: C, Shelley)

51, "Water Margin" in the "Water Liangshan" in which province of China today?

A, Shandong Province B, Henan Province C, Hubei Province (standard answer: A, Shandong Province)

52, who was the first to bring Western dance to the Chinese court?

A, Dai Ailian B, Yu Rongling C, Mei Lanfang (Standard Answer: B, Yu Rongling)

53, the movie "Spring Dawn on the Cuidi" is the performance of which master of music:

A, Mozart B, Strauss C, Tchaikovsky (Standard Answer: B, Strauss)

54, the idiom "hands dance and feet" was first seen in:

A, "Poetry" B, "The Book of Songs", "The Book of Songs", "The Book of the Dead". >A. The Classic of Poetry B. The Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty C. Mencius

(Standard Answer: C. Mencius)

---------

Basics of Opera

Virtualization of Opera It refers to the process of expressing the realities of life with the virtualization of art, and it is the basic technique of opera to express the life. It utilizes the hypothetical nature of the stage to deal with time and space flexibly. In the relationship between art and life, it strives for resemblance rather than likeness. For example, it uses oars to virtualize rowing boats, gropes to virtualize the night, and the sound of changing voices to indicate changes in time. The natural environment, objects, characters, natural phenomena, etc., the same virtual approach, with the help of the audience's associations to complete the artistic creation. Opera rhythm Opera term. Is to make the singing and playing all kinds of artistic means of unification of the **** the same elements. By the rhythm of the physical action and music rhythm of the two parts of the opera, the two complement each other. Opera singing, performance, dance, martial arts, etc. have a strong rhythm. It can help express the characters' emotions, color the drama, and accentuate and render the atmosphere of the stage. Opera Program The artistic and technical patterns and norms developed in opera performances. It refines and processes the language and movements of life, so that singing, reading, doing, playing and musical accompaniment, make-up, costumes and so on form a standardized performance method, so that the form of life is musicalized, choreographed and standardized. For example, there is a basic and fixed format for closing the door, traveling on a boat, running a horse, etc. in the performance. It is more expressive than the natural form of life, more formal beauty, the program must be enriched with the development of society, change and development. Finale The penultimate play in an opera performance. It is named because the last play is called the grand finale. String Acting is commonly known as "string play", because the actors and actresses have to be in a coherent team, so they are called string. It is said that the word "string" is derived from the word "cuan", because in the old days, it was also known as "cuan" or "cuan lang" to refer to acting in general. Crosstalk refers to the role of the artist to play the original line outside the role. For example, an actor in the Dan line plays the role of the Sheng line or the Wusheng line. The actor who is not a professional to take part in the performance of the opera troupe is said to be a guest star. Tickets Friends A common name for non-professional actors and musicians in the old days of opera and Chinese opera. According to legend, in the Qing Dynasty, the children of the eight banners were issued "Dragon Tickets" by the Qing court, and went to various places to sing the children's books without pay, so as to publicize for the Qing court, and then the non-professional actors were called "ticket friends". U-ling Ancient singing, dancing, comical, acrobatic performances for the industry of the artists of the general term. It is generally believed that those who mainly perform jokes are called "haiku", and those who mainly perform music and dance are called "chanyou". Artists who perform music are called "actors". Since the Song and Yuan dynasties, opera performers have been called yu-ling (优伶). Line of work The traditional categories of opera roles. In recent times, there are two general divisions: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou, and Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mou and Chou. Each line has a number of branches, such as Sheng is divided into Lao Sheng, Xiao Sheng and so on. Various types of theater in the branch of the hierarchy and the name and there is a difference between the simple and the complex. Sheng One of the main lines of opera performance, acting male characters. Sang line was first seen in the Song and Yuan South opera, and then in addition to the Yuan miscellaneous plays, all generations have, generally playing young men, is the main character in the play. With the development of the art, the line and according to the role of the character's age, identity, personality is divided into a number of specialized lines, such as the old man, the young man, Wu Sheng, and so on. Dan One of the main lines of opera performance. Play female characters. Dan's name was first seen in the Song Dynasty song and dance, Song miscellaneous drama has been mounted Dan, after all generations have this line of footage, and most of the characters played by the age, identity, character and its performance characteristics are divided into a number of specialized lines, such as the Dan, Hua Dan, stick Dan, girl Dan, Wu Dan, old Dan, color Dan, and so on. Pure Commonly known as "flower face", "flower face". It is one of the main performing roles in Chinese opera. It is generally considered to be the evolution of the vice net of miscellaneous operas and jinwon books. Facial make-up with face paint, singing with a wide tone or false tone, action is wide open, mostly playing a strong character or rude * dangerous male characters. According to play character character, identity and its artistic characteristics, and divided into many specialized lines, such as the Beijing Opera's positive net, vice net, martial arts net and so on. The end of the traditional opera footwork. In Song opera, there is a deputy end. In the Yuan opera, the two main roles are the same as those of the main Dan. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it became a separate line, often playing a lower social status than the characters played by the student, and performing the singing and doing of the middle-aged men. In recent times, most of the theater has been incorporated into the line of the old man. Clown One of the main lines of opera performance. The role of comedy. Because of the bridge of the nose smeared with a piece of white powder and commonly known as "small flower face". And with the net foot big flower face, two flower face and commonly known as "three flower face". Song and Yuan South Opera has a clown foot. It can show characters with humor and wit, as well as characters with ugly souls and *fraudulent and despicable characters. According to the identity, character and technical characteristics of the characters, it is divided into two major branches, namely, Wen Clowns and Wu Clowns. Dragon set is also called "Wentang" and "Pop". They play the role of soldiers, servants and other attendants in the play, and are named after the special form of dragon suit they wear, usually four people in a hall. The stage with a hall or two halls of the dragon set, to show that there are many people, to play the role of sound. Four Arts and Five Methods Four artistic means and five technical methods of mouth, hand, eye, body and footwork for opera singers, readers, actors and actresses. Singing, reading, doing and fighting 4 artistic means of opera performance. Refers to the singing, reading, work, martial arts, known as the "four skills". It is the four basic skills of opera actors. Vocal Cavity Refers to the accent of singing to distinguish different varieties of opera. Certain types of opera or opera cadences have more **** homogeneity in music or singing methods are called a vocal cadence, or categorized as a vocal cadence system. Slabs Opera music term. Playing or singing music, each bar, strong beat to board knock, called "board"; weak beat or the second strong beat to drums click, called "eye", collectively referred to as the board eye. Separately known as the three-eyed board (four beat), a board (two beat), a board without eyes (a beat or running board), no board without eyes (loose board) and so on. Self-introduction A traditional technique of introducing characters in opera, in which the main characters introduce themselves for the first time with introductions, set poems, and set phrases, including their names, places of origin, backgrounds, and situations stipulated in the play. Qi Ba (起霸) Opera performance program. Legend has it that it was first used in the Ming Dynasty's legendary "Thousand Gold Records - Qi Ba". Through a set of continuous dance movements, it expresses the scene of the ancient generals who put on their armor before going into battle. The full set is called the whole Ba or the whole Ba, and is mostly used for the main characters in the play. A half-set is called a half-ba. Two people at the same time is called a double rise bully. Appearance The program of the opera performance. A statuesque gesture made by a person in a theater during a short pause at the end of a scene or dance. Single, double or multiple forms. Used to highlight the character's state of mind. Trip horse Opera performance program movements. Through a set of continuous dance movements, with the rapid rhythm of gongs and drums, to show the posture of the horse galloping. There are single trip horse, double trip horse, multi-people trip horse and other kinds of. Playing out of hand Opera martial arts stunts. Abbreviation "out". A major footwear with hostile hands and feet with a number of people with each other, kicking, throwing, throwing weapons, with 2 to 8 guns, forming a thrilling and complex battle scenes. Often used in the Wudan theater of gods and monsters fighting. Sometimes also used in the chaos of the army to seize the weapons of the plot. Face painting A kind of spectrum of facial makeup for opera performers. From the Tang Dynasty music and dance "on behalf of the face" mask gradually evolved. Actors face sketched various colors, patterns, to highlight the character traits, performance of the character of praise and blame. It is mainly used for the pure and ugly roles. Headwear Broadly refers to the props and costumes used in the theater. In the narrow sense, it only represents theater costumes. Generally not divided into dynasties, regions and seasons, only according to the gender, age and social status of the makeup. Plume two five or six feet long pheasant tail ornaments on the actor's helmet in the opera. Plume inserted mostly for the heroic, brave, tough or violent characters. The purpose is to strengthen the performance of the dance, the performance of the feelings of the characters. The dance using the plume is called "Plume Gong". Beard Also known as "mouth face". It is a fake beard hung by opera actors and made of yak hair or human hair. According to the age of the people in the play black, dim (gray), white three kinds of individual strange-looking or violent character is wearing red beard, purple beard. According to different identities and characters, beard style is divided into a variety of. Water Sleeve The python, pleats, cape, etc. in the costume of the opera, the sleeve end is decorated with a foot of white silk. It is named for its resemblance to water ripples when it is flung. Water sleeve technique is one of the basic skills of opera performance. Actors can use it to show the character's personality, feelings and increase the image of beauty. Rely on opera costumes. The armor of the ancient generals in the opera. Identity before and after the two pieces, embroidered fish scale pattern. Abdomen called "by the belly". Two leg guards called "by the plate". Behind the insertion of small triangular flag, called "by the flag". Do not rely on the flag is called "soft rely". Female generals wear "female leaning", under the body decorated with dozens of colorful ribbons, wearing petticoats. Helmet The general name for the crowns and hats worn by actors in traditional opera. Mainly refers to the handsome helmet, straw helmet, phoenix crown and other hard crowns and hats, but also includes the ducktail scarf, cap and other soft hats and scarves. According to the identity of the characters are used separately. Most focus on decorative.