What is the development history of intelligent manufacturing?

Intelligent manufacturing refers to the general name of advanced manufacturing processes, systems and modes with the functions of information self-perception, self-decision and self-execution. It is reflected in the deep integration of all aspects of the manufacturing process with a new generation of information technology, such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and so on. Generally speaking, intelligent manufacturing has four characteristics: intelligent factory as the carrier, intelligence of key manufacturing links as the core, end-to-end data flow as the basis and numerical control interconnection as the support. Its main contents include intelligent products, intelligent production, intelligent factories and intelligent logistics. At present, it is urgent to establish an intelligent manufacturing standard system, vigorously promote digital manufacturing and develop core industrial software. The application and practice of traditional digital manufacturing, networked manufacturing and agile manufacturing play an important supporting role in the development of intelligent manufacturing.

The development track of intelligent manufacturing;

Intelligent manufacturing originates from the research of artificial intelligence. It is generally believed that intelligence is the sum of knowledge and intelligence, the former is the basis of intelligence, and the latter refers to the ability to acquire and use knowledge to solve problems. Artificial intelligence is the intelligence realized on the computer by artificial methods. In the past half century, especially in the last 20 years, with the improvement of product performance, the complexity and refinement of structure and the diversification of functions, the design information and process information contained in products have surged, and with the increase of information flow in production lines and production equipment, the amount of information in manufacturing process and management has also increased sharply, thus pushing the focus and frontier of manufacturing technology development to improve the ability, efficiency and scale of manufacturing systems to handle explosive manufacturing information. At present, the advanced manufacturing equipment can't run without information input. Once the information source is cut off, the flexible manufacturing system (FMS) will stop working. Experts believe that the manufacturing system is changing from energy-driven to information-driven, which requires the manufacturing system to be not only flexible, but also intelligent, otherwise it will be difficult to handle such a huge and complex information workload. Secondly, the changing market demand and the complex environment of fierce competition also require manufacturing systems to show higher flexibility, agility and intelligence. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to intelligent manufacturing.

Throughout the world, although intelligent manufacturing is still in the conceptual and experimental stage, governments all over the world have incorporated it into national development plans and vigorously promoted its implementation.

From 65438 to 0992, the United States implemented a new technology policy and strongly supported what the President called critical technologies, including information technology and new manufacturing technologies. Intelligent manufacturing technology is inherent in it, and the US government hopes to transform traditional industries and open up new industries through this move.

According to the development strategic plan of 1994~ 1998 formulated by Canada, the future knowledge-intensive industry is the foundation to drive the global economy and Canada's economic development, and the development and application of intelligent systems are very important. The specific research projects are intelligent computers, man-machine interfaces, mechanical sensors, robot control, new devices and system integration in dynamic environment.

Japan put forward intelligent manufacturing system in 1989, and launched an international cooperative research project on advanced manufacturing in 1994, including company integration and global manufacturing, manufacturing knowledge system, distributed intelligent system control, and distributed intelligent system technology oriented to rapid product realization.

The EU's information technology-related research includes ESPRIT project, which strongly supports information technology with market potential. 1994 introduces new R &；; In Project D, 39 core technologies were selected, among which 3 (information technology, molecular biology and advanced manufacturing technology) highlighted the position of intelligent manufacturing.

At the end of 1980s, China also included "intelligent simulation" in the national science and technology development plan, and made a number of achievements in expert system, pattern recognition, robot and Chinese machine understanding. Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology formally proposed the "Industrial Intelligence Project". Intelligent manufacturing, as an important part of innovation capacity building in the technological innovation plan, will be an important part of this project.

It can be seen that intelligent manufacturing is emerging on a global scale, which is the inevitable development of manufacturing technology, especially manufacturing information technology, and the result of the in-depth development of automation and integration technology.