What is feudal military autocracy

48 Greek War of Independence------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------Ending 400 years of foreign military occupation In the 1820s, the Greek people launched

A war to resist Turkish rule and fight for national independence.

This war ended nearly 400 years of military feudal rule by the Ottoman Empire over Greece and was an important milestone in the history of Greek social development.

Greece was under the rule of the Ottoman Empire for a long time, and the majority of its people suffered from pain and suffering.

The Turkish feudal lords brutally oppressed the Greek people and forced them to perform various feudal obligations, which aroused strong resistance from the majority of the Greek people.

On the other hand, the ruling group of the Ottoman Empire was incompetent and the feudal military autocracy severely restricted Greece's rapidly developing capitalist economy.

At the same time, riots and rebellions occurred one after another in Turkey, all of which created good opportunities for the Greek War of Independence.

In the first stage of the war (March 1821-January 1822), the whole Greek people rose up, among which farmers and the emerging national bourgeoisie were the main forces of the revolution.

On March 4, 1821, Ipsilandis, the general director of the Greek "Friendship Society" living in Russia, crossed the Russian border and led the rebel army in Iasi, Romania, to call on the Greek people to revolt.

On March 23, the uprising spread to various districts in the southern Peloponnese.

On April 7, Spetses declared an uprising to support the Peloponnese uprising.

On April 22, Psala declared an uprising; on the 28th, the army and civilians of Hydra rebelled and took control of the Corinth area.

On May 7, armed villagers from the Attica region rushed into Athens and forced the Turkish army to retreat to the city of Corinth.

By this point, the rebels had swept across most of Greece and many islands in the Aegean Sea.

In June, when Ypsilandis led the rebel army into Greece, he fought with the Turkish army in Dragoshan and was defeated by the Turkish army. Ypsilandis fled to Austria and was soon arrested.

In July, the fighting became increasingly fierce.

On October 5, Greek soldiers and civilians captured the city of Tripolis.

The rebels soon liberated almost all of the Peloponnese.

In January 1822, the rebels held the first National Assembly in Epidor, declared the independence of Greece, and established a national government.

In the second stage of the war (June 1822-June 1827), the rebel army suffered a temporary setback.

Unwilling to accept defeat, the Turkish government began a bloody suppression of the rebels in the face of the victory of the Greek people.

Of the 100,000 soldiers and civilians on Chios Island, 23,000 were massacred by the Turkish army at one time, and 47,000 were sold into slavery.

In June 1822, the Turkish army launched a large-scale counterattack on the Peloponnese Peninsula.

The Turkish army dispatched nearly 30,000 people and reached the Acropolis of Corinth without encountering resistance.

Later, they went south deep into the interior of the Peloponnese and were ambushed by the peasant rebel army. They suffered heavy casualties and were completely defeated. Except for a few who escaped, they were all wiped out.

At sea, Greek small ships dared to fight against cannon-mounted earthen ships.

A sailor drove a burning ship into the mooring of the earthen warships, burning one warship, and all the remaining earthen warships fled into the Dardanelles Strait.

The victory of the Greek army and civilians severely dampened the morale of the Turkish army. The soldiers were afraid of losing their lives and refused to participate in the war. The Turkish army fell into chaos.

However, there were internal divisions within the leadership group of the Greek rebel army, and the military and political leaders were busy fighting for power, which delayed favorable opportunities.

The rebel army failed to take advantage of the chaos of the Turkish army to expand its results and liberate the central and northern regions to win the War of Independence.

In April 1824, Greece held its second National Assembly, and Koroktronis was dismissed from his post as commander-in-chief.

The "democrats" represented by Ke were dissatisfied and refused to recognize the government.

Greece has two governments coexisting.

The feudal forces in Peloponnese took the opportunity to unite with the "democrats" and oppose the "pro-Europeans".

After two fierce armed conflicts, the "democrats" were defeated and Krokotronis himself was arrested.

The internal war in Greece ended, and the rebel forces suffered heavy losses.

In July 1824, the Turkish rulers signed an agreement with their vassal Egyptian rulers to jointly suppress the Greek people's uprising.

In February 1825, 90,000 Egyptian army and navy troops landed in the southern Peloponnese Peninsula.

Although the Greek army resisted heroically, it was still unable to stop the Egyptian attack.

Under the pressure of public opinion, the Greek government released Koroktronis and re-appointed him as commander-in-chief. However, the war situation was difficult to reverse, and the Egyptian army occupied Tripolis and most of the peninsula.

In May 1825, nearly 40,000 Turkish-Egyptian troops jointly besieged the city of Missolonghi, an important town in western Greece.

After 11 months of siege and blockade, the soldiers and civilians defending the city fought tenaciously and would rather die than surrender.