What are the roofs of traditional buildings in China? Please draw a short description and add words.

Diana Ding Dian? Also known as Sijiaping, there are five ridges and four slopes, also known as Wujiaping. The intersection of the front and rear slopes is a positive ridge, and the left and right slopes have four vertical ridges. The double-eaved roof is solemn and majestic, which is the highest level of the roof of ancient buildings. It is mostly used in the main halls of palaces or temples, such as the Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City, the Tiantai Hall of Dai Temple in Tai 'an, and the Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple in Qufu. Single-eaved Ding Dian is mostly used in some halls or doors of ceremonial ceremonies and religious buildings to show solemnity, such as the gate of praying for the New Year in the Temple of Heaven, the Huanggan Hall and the Zhai Palace, and the Bear Hall in Huayan Temple.

Rest at the top of the mountain? Also known as nine ridges, there are one positive ridge, four vertical ridges and four ridges. The front and rear slopes are positive slopes, the left and right slopes are half slopes, and the triangular area above the half slope is mountain flowers. The double-eaves rest peak is second only to the double-eaves sofa roof, and it is mostly used in halls with higher specifications, such as the Baohe Hall, Taihe Gate, Tiananmen Square, Bell Tower and Drum Tower in the Forbidden City. The general application of Xiefeng Mountain is very extensive, but all other buildings in the palace, as well as official houses and public halls such as temples, temples and temples, etc. All adopt sloping mountain roofs.

Hanging on the top of the mountain? Also known as the peak, it has five ridges and two slopes. The roof protrudes beyond the gable and is supported by the truss (purlin) protruding below. Because its truss (purlin) picks out the gables, the name "pick the mountain" comes from this. Hanging from the top of the mountain with eaves on all sides is also an early practice of double-sided sloping roof, but it is not used in important ancient buildings in China.

Hard peak? Five ridges and two slopes, the roof is flush with the gable. Hard hilltops appeared late, which was not recorded in the Architectural French of Song Dynasty, but only appeared in the northern and southern residential buildings in China after Ming and Qing Dynasties. Because of the low grade, you can only use blue tiles, not tube tiles and glazed tiles. In royal buildings and large temple buildings, there are no hard peaks, which are mostly used in ancillary buildings and folk buildings.

Pyramid roof? There is no straight ridge, only vertical ridge, which is only applicable to buildings, pavilions and towers. Small area. Most of the planes are regular polygons and circles, with a treasure top at the top. According to the number of roofs, there are triangles, quadrangles, hexagons, octagons ... In addition, there are circular pyramid roofs, that is, there are no vertical roofs. At most, it can be used as scenic spots or landscape buildings, such as Guo Ruting in the Summer Palace and Heilongtan Park in Lijiang. Pyramid-shaped roofs are rarely used in important buildings such as palaces or high-grade buildings, while the Zhonghe Hall, Jiaotai Hall and Jubilee Hall in the Temple of Heaven in the Forbidden City use pyramid-shaped roofs. Pyramid roofs have single eaves and double eaves.

Hey? Top？ This is a special kind of roof. The top of the roof is flat-topped, the bottom is a four-sided slope or a multi-sided slope, and the upper end of the vertical ridge is a transverse slope. The number of transverse ridges is the same as the number of slopes, and the transverse ridges are connected end to end, which is also called round ridges. Ceiling is extremely rare in ancient large palace buildings.

Shake the roof? Also known as Yuanbao Ridge, there is no obvious positive ridge at the intersection of double slopes of the roof, but it is made into an arc surface. It is mostly used in garden buildings, such as the humorous garden in the Summer Palace, where the roofs are all rolled roofs. In the palace building, eunuchs, servants and other side rooms live in this way.

Fan top? As the name implies, it is a fan-shaped roof. Its biggest feature is that the front and rear eaves are curved, and the radian is generally short in front and long in the back, that is, the rear eaves of the building are larger than the front eaves. The two ends of the fan can be made into the form of resting mountain, hanging mountain and rolling shed. Generally used in smaller buildings, it will make the building look smaller and more lovely.

Helmet? Top？ As the name implies, it is the form of a roof like a helmet. Most of the top and ridge of the helmet are convex arcs, and a small part of the bottom is inclined outward in the opposite direction, just like the lower edge of the helmet. There is a treasure top in the center of the top. Yueyang Tower is crowned with a helmet.

Hook up with each other Two or more roofs are connected to form a roof, and each roof is connected together. This roof form can make the upper roof more varied and vivid without changing the image of the lower part of the building. In addition, the indoor space is enlarged without increasing the overall height of the roof.

Dome? Also known as the dome, the roof is usually spherical or polygonal in appearance. Such as the Kaaba in an Islamic mosque. The ceiling of the room is semicircular, so it can be called "dome". In addition, Mongolian yurts and other domed houses can also be classified as domed buildings.

Round head? Also known as the "vault". It is a semi-circular vault house built of bricks or adobe, or two, three or several connected houses, which appeared in Shanxi Province, China. The appearance is round and beautiful, but it gives people a sense of integrity and unity.

Ping? Top？ The top of this building is flat. This kind of "flat" includes a slope with a slight protrusion in the middle of the top or a small slope on the roof, which is the biggest difference from the single slope top (the slope of the single slope top roof is large). Most of them appear in northwest, southwest and north China.

Single slope top? It's a roof with only one slope. Integral roofs are usually used for less important buildings or ancillary buildings. It appears in rural areas in Shaanxi and other places, and it is a distinctive form of folk houses today.

Gray back top? There are no tiles on the roof surface, only the surface layer with dense gray back is rain-proof and leak-proof. Most of them are used in flat-topped or pavilion buildings, but they can also be used in roof buildings. However, the use of gray roofs on ridged buildings is mostly partial. The gray back roof belongs to a form of folk architecture.

The top of the back of the cross? The two resting peaks cross each other. At present, the representative cross-ridge building is the turret of the Forbidden City in Beijing.

Cilang temple