The best treatment for children's mental retardation.

The best treatment for children's mental retardation.

The best treatment for children with mental retardation, every parent wants their baby to grow up healthily, and parents should pay attention to the baby's development during the baby's growth. Below I share an article about the best treatment for children with mental retardation.

The best treatment for mentally retarded children 1 western medicine therapy

Western medicine is the treatment adopted by most people at present. For developmental delay, the first thing is to judge the causes of developmental delay in clinic, and finally determine the treatment principles, which can be roughly divided into drug treatment and surgical treatment.

medicine

For example, for mental retardation, drugs that promote brain metabolism, intelligence and brain function are generally selected. Commonly used drugs are oxiracetam, Anisi, piracetam and ganglioside.

For physical retardation, growth hormone is often used for treatment, such as timely supplementation of thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism; Pituitary dwarfism, using human growth hormone instead of complementary therapy; Kirschner's syndrome, androgen replacement therapy, etc.

At the same time, Western medicine believes that physical retardation and nutritional deficiency are also related, so protein and trace elements will be supplemented in the treatment.

Because the cause of mental retardation is unknown, symptomatic treatment is often used, such as antipsychotics such as chlorpromazine, perphenazine and haloperidol. For those who are accompanied by excitement, anxiety and hallucinations. Anxiety can be treated with anti-anxiety drugs such as diazepam and clonidine; The author of convulsion received antiepileptic treatment, such as phenytoin sodium, diazepam and nitrodiazepam.

In addition, drugs such as glutamic acid, vitamins and cephalin will be used to promote brain metabolism and improve and enhance intelligence.

This drug therapy of western medicine is effective quickly, but it is nothing more than hormones and antibiotics. Long-term use will have certain side effects and easily lead to drug dependence.

Surgical therapy

Surgical treatment of developmental delay caused by disability, deformity and pathological changes of some organs and tissues can improve the function of organs, such as short lingual frenum, cleft lip, cleft palate and epileptic encephalopathy.

As long as the surgical treatment is symptomatic, the effect can be described as immediate. However, due to the weak constitution of children, we should not only consider the side effects of anesthetics, but also worry about the danger of surgical trauma, so surgical treatment needs to be used cautiously on the basis of symptomatic treatment.

Modern rehabilitation therapy

This therapy is based on the theories of human neurology, physiology and human development. It uses the technology of medical physics and rehabilitation engineering to intervene and treat developmental retardation, mainly through therapists to help patients achieve the purpose of active rehabilitation.

At present, many hospitals in China have their own rehabilitation departments or rehabilitation centers, and there are also many independent rehabilitation institutions in society, which can provide rehabilitation services for people with developmental retardation.

The rehabilitation treatment of developmental retardation mainly includes rehabilitation training means and part of physical therapy, that is, a certain amplitude of electromagnetic waves acts on the human body, stimulating the tension of muscle fibers to increase, thus promoting the recovery of function.

Rehabilitation training methods for language barriers

Based on the evaluation results of language stage, improving and enriching children's language environment and removing related factors that affect children's language development are the starting points of training. Each institution will have different rehabilitation plans, which can be roughly divided into the following categories:

Cognitive comprehension ability training

Pronunciation expression training

Oral muscle training

Gesture symbol training

Word training

Communication training

Rehabilitation training methods for bradykinesia

Generally, it can increase children's reaction sensitivity, promote nerve reflex and establish good synaptic connection. Including:

Posture training

Head stability training

Sitting posture stability training

Turn over training

Crawling training

Kneeling training

Standing training

Walking training

Rehabilitation training methods for mental retardation

Such diseases are often accompanied by motor and language retardation, so comprehensive rehabilitation training should be carried out, which should be combined with the age and developmental backwardness of the children. Including:

Language training

Cognitive training

Sensory integration training

Rough exercise and fine exercise training

Interpersonal communication training

Rehabilitation training methods for social and psychological retardation

There are positive reinforcement training, speech expression training and sensory integration training. To enable children with social and intellectual disabilities to master interpersonal, verbal and emotional communication skills. Including:

Basic language expression and cognitive understanding training

Emotional cognitive expression training

Social rule training

Civilization expression training

Social ability training

Social practice training

The best treatment for children with mental retardation II. Western Medicine Treatment of Children with Mental Retardation

First, treatment

At present, the cause of mental retardation is not clear, and there is no specific treatment. Early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention are the current treatment principles. With the significant decline of child mortality, the problem of improving children's quality has been paid more and more attention. Improving children's physical and mental health through preventive health care has also been increasingly valued and strengthened. At present, China has carried out monitoring of children's growth and development, with the aim of finding developmental abnormalities and screening developmental disorders as soon as possible, so as to implement early intervention and treatment. Because the cause of the disease is not clear, we can only find, diagnose and treat some hereditary metabolic diseases such as phenylketonuria, galactosemia and congenital hypothyroidism at an early stage. Some congenital genetic diseases can be treated by substitution therapy, diet therapy, drug therapy or surgery to prevent or alleviate mental retardation at an early stage.

There are different treatment centers for different types of patients. For infants and young children, we should try our best to treat them according to the etiology, and carry out early intervention treatment to reduce the damage of brain function and make the damaged brain function compensated. For older children, education, training and nursing are important links in the treatment. Mild mental retardation, can receive education; Moderate can generally be trained; Severe and extremely severe cases are mainly maintenance, supplemented by drugs and diet. The methods, contents and emphases of rehabilitation treatment at different ages are different. According to WHO, the purpose of mental retardation rehabilitation is to develop the intelligence and skills of sick children by applying comprehensive facilities such as medicine, society, education and vocational training to help them become disabled members of their families and society.

1, early detection:

Keeping a high degree of vigilance against the development of children with high risk factors and conducting regular physical and psychological assessments can find mental retardation at an early stage, and early intervention and education have remarkable effects. If the above-mentioned early abnormalities are found, it is necessary to carry out regular examination and give corresponding intervention treatment. At present, no drugs that can improve intelligence have been found. For some congenital metabolic diseases, such as phenylketonuria, galactosemia, maple syrup urine and so on. Early diagnosis and early diet therapy are needed. Treating congenital cretinism with thyroxine can improve its intelligence. Coenzymes (vitamin B6, B 12) were supplemented for hypercystinuria. For some congenital brain malformations, such as craniotomy and congenital hydrocephalus, surgical treatment can reduce brain pressure and help its development.

2, the principle of early intervention and treatment

A. Hospitalization: According to the illness and development, design and implement an intervention program to promote the development of vision, hearing, touch, vestibular function and cognitive ability in the neonatal ward or NICU; Neuropsychiatric Rehabilitation Department (ward and outpatient department) formulates and implements the training plan and rehabilitation treatment plan for intellectual training and social adaptability according to the level of intelligence and intellectual development and the degree of social adaptability.

B. Parents' cooperation: guide parents to carry out family intellectual rehabilitation plan, and train parents to carry out intellectual rehabilitation training according to the plan through classes, brochures, audio-visual products and other forms. Make regular follow-up and evaluation plans.

3, nervous system nutrition therapy and symptomatic treatment:

You can try to use neurotrophic agents such as cerebroprotein hydrolysate (cerebrolysin, Naofukang (Naotai, Zengzhi Capsule)) for treatment. For unstable type, if there are abnormal behaviors such as excitement, impulsiveness, self-injury and wounding, antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine, perphenazine and haloperidol can be used appropriately to control abnormal behaviors. If accompanied by seizures, antiepileptic drugs should be used for treatment.

4, education and training:

The rehabilitation treatment of mental retardation is still based on education and training. Studies have proved that children with mental retardation also have considerable potential. Although their psychological development and maturity are slow, active early education and training can promote their intellectual development. Early training and education for school-age children with mental retardation can make up for brain function defects and help intellectual development by training children's keen sensory response and accurate muscle activity, which is also the basic content of education.

Second, the prognosis

Attention should be paid to early diagnosis and early intervention, and the prognosis is related to etiology, early diagnosis and treatment and early training.

The best treatment for mental retardation in children 3 The best treatment time for mental retardation is before the age of 3. Because the brain has the fastest development speed and the strongest plasticity, treatment can get twice the result with half the effort at this time.

The baby's organs and systems are not yet mature, but they are in the process of continuous development and maturity. The brain is the earliest developing organ, which dominates the development. It develops rapidly in the early stage, and the development speed will decrease with the increase of age. By the time the baby is 3 years old, the weight of the brain has reached 80%. If you are a baby with mental retardation, you should seize the opportunity of the fastest brain development and the strongest brain plasticity before the age of 3 to get twice the result with half the effort. Once mental retardation is found, treatment should be started. None of this will delay the children. Because the earlier the treatment, the better the effect, even if it is a month late, the effect is different.

Babies with mental retardation should pay attention to adding complementary food in time, early and reasonable diet treatment, and correct their bad habits of partial eclipse. At the same time, medication and rehabilitation training are needed, which may improve the condition.