Matters needing attention in African tourism

Pure, beautiful, original ecology, paradise, Eden, safari, diamonds &; Hellip& amphellip is the word that best describes people's first impression of Africa. Indeed, Africa is a land full of magical charm. The following is what I have compiled for you in Africa. I hope it will help you!

Matters needing attention in African tourism

1. Before traveling to Africa, you must be vaccinated against yellow fever and malaria in China, and bring the injection certificate and related preventive drugs.

2. Be sure to go to the airport early;

Be sure to wear long-sleeved trousers, one is to prevent ultraviolet rays, and the other is to prevent mosquito bites. Mr. Du of China stayed in Africa for five or six years, wearing long-sleeved trousers all the year round and never had malaria;

4. Need to bring anti-mosquito drugs;

5. Come to Africa and bring some small items such as cool oil and vaseline to African friends. They like it very much.

I came to Africa to try on some old clothes and trousers from home. When I go back, I will give them all away and go home light.

7. In Africa, it is safer to stay in a hotel if the language is not fluent. Most parts of Africa are relatively safe, mainly because there are many thieves. Take care of your important things. As for vicious incidents such as kidnapping and shooting, they mainly occur in areas where there are conflicts between anti-government, armed forces and wars, and ethnic groups and tribes. This has also attracted international attention and put pressure on the government.

8. Travel to Africa with some sporadic dollars and local currency. MasterCard and Visa can be used for big hotels and booking air tickets, but some places have no change to buy large dollars.

9. When traveling in Africa, you must find a local travel agency, and you can communicate with any questions. If you don't know the language, you'd better remember the English word "airport customs clearance, transit traffic" The scenery in Africa is different from that in China, so you must take a camera, spare batteries, switch sockets and enough memory cards when traveling (note that taking pictures is not allowed in some places, and you must follow the instructions of the tour guide). When traveling in Africa, you can bring your domestic China Mobile international roaming mobile phone to communicate with China. In addition, bring paper, pens and slippers.

Recommendation of tourist attractions in Africa

1. The best wildlife reserve in the world &; Mdash& ampmdash Ma Saimala National Wildlife Refuge [Kenya]

Masai Mara is a well-protected large-scale scenic spot in southern Kenya and one of the best wildlife reserves in the world. The low hills are rolling, the vast grasslands are endless, and the huge acacia trees and bobo trees are scattered among them. Many tributaries of the Mara River crisscross and have beautiful scenery. Here, people and nature, people and animals live in harmony, unique primitive culture and fairyland-like beauty of grassland sunrise and sunset can make modern people who have lived in the city for a long time forget all the pressures and troubles, fully integrate into the wonderful nature, and feel a kind of relaxation and happiness of returning.

2. The oldest desert &; Mdash& ampmdash namib desert [Namibian]

Although most of this desert is uninhabited and inaccessible, there are still people living in Sesrim, which is close to the famous Sossuvili and a series of sand dunes, some of which are more than 300 meters high, including the highest sand dune in the world. Its dune shape is complex and regular, which has become the research object of geologists. This area is considered as the oldest desert in the world. The arid and semi-arid climate has lasted for at least 80 million years. Does it sound like an impulse to explore?

3. The most luxurious stone town mdash& ampmdash Zanzibar Stone Town [Tanzania]

Stone Town in Zanzibar is a coastal commercial city built by Swahili people in East Africa. The stone city of Zanzibar has a deep winding path, a noisy market, many mosques and beautifully decorated Arab houses. The tall wooden doors of urban buildings are covered with copper nails, carefully carved with gorgeous patterns, with typical Arabic style. Stone Town has well preserved the ancient town architecture and its beautiful town scenery. There are many exquisite buildings in the city, reflecting its unique culture.

4. The highest mountain in Africa &; Mt. Kilimanjaro [Tanzania

Kilimanjaro is located in the northeast of Tanzania, near the Kenyan border, and is the highest mountain in Africa. As far away as 200 kilometers, you can see its snow crown hanging in the blue sky and shining in the equatorial sun. Kilimanjaro is called "the roof of Africa", and many geographers like to call it "the king of Africa". The top of Kilimanjaro is covered with snow, and the mountainside is full of mystery. Especially at dusk, the clouds at the top of Kilimanjaro occasionally disperse, and the silvery peak reveals a enchanting face in the afterglow of the golden sunset, which is colorful and dazzling.

5. The only gem in Niger Valley &; Mdash& ampmdash Ancient City of Jenin [Mali]

The ancient city of Jenin, known as the "Pearl of Niger River Basin" by the world, is famous for its unique Sahara &; Mdash& ampmdash Sudan is famous for its architectural style, Moorish architecture and splendid Islamic culture. There are about 2000 ancient buildings in this city, all of which are well preserved. In order to adapt to seasonal floods, houses are built on mountains. The green Barney River flows slowly through the downtown area of this historic city. There are ditches in the city, small bridges lying in waves and flowing water gurgling. All kinds of buildings are hidden among tall and lush mango trees, as well as thick palm trees and banana fruits, with flowers and green grass. Various buildings, such as princes' mansions, mosques and scholars' tombs, show the urban scene of a tropical water town and Zeguo.

6. One of the largest waterfalls in the world &; Mdash& ampmdash Victoria Falls [Zimbabwe]

Victoria Falls is one of the largest waterfalls in the world, located in the middle reaches of Zambezi River in Africa, with Zambia bordering Zimbabwe. The canyon itself, where the great waterfall pours down, is a rare natural moat in the world. Here, the high gorge twists and turns, the pale rock is like a sword, and the huge waterfall turns over the silver and flows, forming a particularly beautiful natural scenery. Victoria Falls is famous for its shape, scale and sound, which is a miracle of the world. The waterfall rushes into the basalt channel, and a rainbow formed by water mist can be seen 200 kilometers away. When the new moon rises, the dazzling moon rainbow is reflected in the water mist, and the scenery is very charming.

7. One of the largest inland deltas in the world &; Mdash& ampmdash Okavango Delta [Botswana]

The Okavango Delta is close to the edge of kalahari desert, where papyrus and phoenix trees flourish, and the rich waters also provide an ideal ecological environment for osprey, kingfisher, hippopotamus, crocodile and tiger fish. When the surrounding areas of the delta began to emerge from the water, wild animals began to concentrate at the nearest water edge, becoming natural shelters and large pools for Kalahari large animals. Fish swimming in the water, crocodiles sunbathing on the beach, hippos grazing freely and swamp antelopes are all very wonderful.

8. The largest canyon in Africa &; Mdash& ampmdash Fish River Grand Canyon [Namibia]

Fish River Grand Canyon is located in Aies/Hitzwaite International Park, which is one of the largest canyons in the world and the largest canyon in Africa. The hiking routes of Yu He Grand Canyon are among the best in southern Africa, and backpackers can walk along the river. There are steep cliffs on both sides of the road, and there is a deeply winding river below. The whole route extends from the northernmost end of the Fish River Grand Canyon to the Aisi Hot Spring. Many tourists choose to explore the Fish River Grand Canyon on foot, and it takes at least five days to complete the hiking expedition.

9. The most mysterious cemetery pyramid &; Mdash& ampmdash Memphis and its graveyard pyramid [Egypt]

Memphis and its cemetery pyramids are located around the capital of the ancient Egyptian kingdom, including rock tombs, stone tombs, temples and pyramids, and are considered as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. The pyramids and the Sphinx were built in Giza, where everything is so sacred that it remains the same despite thousands of years. The pyramids of Giza are magnificent in appearance, located on the plateau, echoing the old city of Cairo across the Nile.

10. One of the most famous prehistoric cultural sites &; Mdash& ampmdash Omo Valley [Ethiopia]

Omo Valley is located in Helm &; Omo Valley, north of Lake Turkana in middot Gofa, is a world-famous prehistoric cultural site. Today, the Omo Valley remains in its original state, and the tribal tradition remains the same. Women there still wear exquisite and gorgeous skins, while men wear a bun with a special color on their heads to show their masculinity. Here, we can see that women in the west of Moore still wear huge lips, while men take part in the regular club fighting ceremony.

African tourism strategy

A guide to accommodation and tourism in Africa

The star rating of tourist hotels in Africa is different from that of China, so don't worry about the star rating. There is no interpreter in the hotel, but the service staff can speak English. All hotels do not provide toothbrushes, toothpaste and disposable slippers.

There is no hot water to drink in the hotel, remember that tap water can't be drunk directly. Wireless Internet access is rarely provided.

Service personnel generally don't ask for tips. Western tourists usually tip the service staff 1 USD. If you don't tip, the other party won't ask.

The environment of African tourism strategy

The African continent is wide in the north and narrow in the south, showing an equilateral triangle. The longest from north to south is about 8,000 kilometers, and the widest from east to west is about 7,500 kilometers. Africa is a plateau continent with relatively flat terrain, and the obvious mountains are limited to the north and south ends. The average elevation of the whole continent is 750 meters. The plateau with an altitude of 500 1 000 meters accounts for more than 60% of the whole continent. Mountains and plateaus above 2000 meters above sea level account for about 5% of the whole continent. The plains below 200 meters above sea level are mostly distributed in coastal areas. The terrain is roughly bounded by the line from the mouth of Congo River in Democratic Republic of Congo to the northern edge of Ethiopian Plateau, which is higher in the southeast half and lower in the northwest half. The southeast half is called High Africa, with an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level, including the Ethiopian Plateau (more than 2000 meters above sea level, known as the "roof of Africa"), the East African Plateau and the South African Plateau, and the Kalahadi Basin on the South African Plateau. The northwest half is called low Africa, and the altitude is mostly below 500 meters. Most of them are low plateaus and basins, including the upper Nile basin, Congo basin and Chad basin.

The higher mountains in Africa stand in the coastal areas of the plateau, with Atlas Mountain in the northwest coast. There are Draken Mountains along the southeast coast; There are Mount Kenya and Mount Kilimanjaro in the east. Kilimanjaro is an active volcano with an altitude of 5895 meters, which is the highest peak in Africa. East Africa has the largest rift zone in the world. The eastern branch of the rift zone starts from the Schiller estuary in the south, passes through Lake Malawi, passes through the Central East African Plateau and the Central Ethiopia Plateau in the north, and passes through the Red Sea to the north of the Dead Sea, with a length of about 6,400 kilometers. The west branch of the rift zone starts from the northwest end of Lake Malawi in the south, passes through Lake Tanganyika, Lake Kivu, Lake Edward and Lake Albert, and reaches the Nile Valley in Albert. It is about 1 700 km long, and the rift zone is generally as deep as 1 1,000? 000 meters, tens of kilometers to 300 kilometers wide, forming a series of narrow and deep valleys and lakes, among which the elevation of Assal Lake is 156 meters, which is the lowest point in Africa.

Desert: Africa's desert area accounts for about 1/3 of the whole continent, which is the largest desert area on the continent. Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, covering an area of 7.77 million square kilometers. There are also namib desert and Kalahadi Desert in the southwest.

Volcanoes and earthquakes: There are a series of extinct and active volcanoes in and around the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, among which the tall volcano is over 5000 meters above sea level. There are also many tall volcanoes in central and western Africa. The Rift Valley in East Africa is also the region with the most frequent and intense earthquakes in Africa.

Water system: the outflow area of Africa accounts for about 68.2% of the whole continent. The outflow systems of the Atlantic Ocean are mostly rivers with a long history, including Nile, Congo, Niger, senegal river, volta river and Orange. With a total length of 6,676,5438+0 km, the Nile is the longest river in the world. The basin area and flow of Congo River are second only to Amazon River, ranking second in the world. The outflow system of Indian Ocean includes Zambezi River, limpopo river River, Juba River, short rivers on the east coast of Africa and rivers on Madagascar Island. Africa's internal water system and no-flow zone covers an area of 9.58 million square kilometers, accounting for about 3 1.8% of the total area of the whole continent. Among them, only Lake Chad basin has a perfect water system. Okavango River basin and Sahara desert are very dry, and there are many intermittent rivers and many dry valleys in the desert. The inflow area also includes the lake area of the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, and rivers flow into the lake from the surrounding highlands. The lake area has abundant rainfall and dense river network, which is different from other arid inflow areas. African lakes are concentrated in the East African Plateau, and a few are scattered in inland basins. Plateau lakes are mostly fault lakes with long and narrow water depth, which are arranged in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa in a beaded shape, among which Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the second largest freshwater lake in the world. Lake Tanganyika is the second deepest lake in the world. Lake Tana, located in the Ethiopian Plateau, is the highest lake in Africa, with an altitude of 1, 830 meters. Lake Chad is the largest lake in the inland basin, and its area often changes.

Africa is called "tropical continent", and its climate is characterized by high temperature, little rain and dryness, and the distribution of climate zones is symmetrical from north to south. The equator passes through the center, and with the increase of latitude, the climate generally decreases from the equator. The areas with an annual average temperature above 20℃ account for about 95% of the whole continent, of which more than half are hot all year round, and nearly half have warm and cool seasons. The annual average temperature in Daluoer in the northeast of Ethiopia is 34.5℃, which is one of the highest temperatures in the world. In Aziziye, south of Tripoli, the Libyan capital, the temperature in September 1922 was as high as 57.8℃, the highest temperature in Africa. Kilimanjaro is located near the equator. Due to its high altitude, Kilimanjaro is covered with snow all year round.

The precipitation in Africa decreases from the equator to the north and south sides, and the distribution of precipitation is extremely uneven. In some areas, there is almost no rain all year round, and in some places, the annual precipitation is as high as 10000mm or more. The average annual precipitation in the whole continent13 is less than 200mm. There is more precipitation on the windward slope in the southeast, along the coast of the Gulf of Guinea and in mountainous areas.

The History of African Tourism Strategy

Africa has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of human civilization. Since19th century, archaeologists have discovered many ancient human fossils in Africa, among which 1974 found a female ape-man 3.2 million years ago in the border area between Kenya and Ethiopia, which is considered to be the remains of the first woman in the world to walk upright out of the tropical forest. Some anthropologists use genetic technology to study human genes, and think that all the nations in the world originated from an African primitive tribe 400,000-200,000 years ago. They believe that most primitive people who differentiated from apes 4-6 million years ago left no descendants, and only one tribe in Africa survived. 6.5438 million years ago, this tribe began to move out of Africa, to West Asia, and then to all parts of the world from West Asia. It entered the Asian continent 60,000 years ago, reached Oceania 40,000-60,000 years ago, reached Europe 35,000 years ago, and finally crossed the Bering Strait to America 35,000 years ago. The descendants of these African tribes who migrated to various parts of the world eventually formed modern human beings.

Africa is one of the earliest regions to enter civilized society. In 5000 BC, the ancient Egyptian residents in the lower Nile mastered the techniques of grain planting and water conservancy engineering. In 3500 BC, the ancient Egyptians created the earliest hieroglyphics in the world. In 3200 BC, a unified centralized slavery country appeared in ancient Egypt. In the following nearly 3000 years, the ancient Egyptians created splendid culture and built the pyramids, one of the seven wonders of ancient times. Many kings (pharaohs) in ancient Egypt explored the East and the West and expanded the territory of ancient Egypt. At its peak, Egypt's territory reached Sudan in the south, Libya in the west, Asia Minor in the north and the upper reaches of the two rivers in the east. At the same time of expansion, ancient Egyptian culture also spread around. Egyptian hieroglyphs were introduced into ancient Greece and evolved into Greek letters. The Greek alphabet later evolved into modern western Latin. Powerful ancient Egypt existed for nearly 3000 years. During this period, Egypt expanded outward many times and was invaded by neighboring powers. In 525 BC, the Persians conquered Egypt. Since then, Egypt has lost its independent status and has long been ruled by Macedonians, Romans, Arabs and Ottoman Turks.

After World War II, people's movements for national independence and liberation in Africa flourished. Since the 1950s, African countries have gained independence. From 65438 to 0974, Angola, Mozambique and other countries declared their independence, and the whole African colonial system disintegrated. 1April 1980 18, Zimbabwe declared its independence, and the colonial rule of western countries completely disappeared from Africa. There are 50 independent countries in Africa. African countries that have just gained independence realize the importance of unity and cooperation. 1958 In April, the first meeting of independent African countries was held, and eight countries including Egypt, Liberia and Ghana participated in the meeting. The participating countries unanimously agreed to strengthen unity and cooperation. The movement of African unity began. 1963 in may, 3 1 leaders of independent African countries gathered in Addis Ababa and held an unprecedented summit meeting of independent African countries. The meeting signed the Charter of the Organization of African Unity and announced the formal establishment of the Organization of African Unity.

An independent and unified Africa is playing an increasingly important role in the world political arena. With the support of the international community and the joint efforts of African countries, many problems in Africa have been solved. 1990 In March, Namibia, the last colony in Africa, got rid of the rule of South Africa and declared its independence. The white regime in South Africa, which practiced apartheid policy, gradually abandoned the policy of racial discrimination. From 65438 to 0994, South Africa held the first non-racial national election in history. Nelson mandela, the black leader, was elected president. 12 In April, Mandela was sworn in as the President of South Africa, announcing the birth of a new South Africa.

The establishment of the Republic of Namibia and the birth of New South Africa declared the successful completion of the historical task of African people's struggle for national independence and political liberation, and ancient Africa entered a new historical period.

The country of African tourism strategy

Most African residents believe in primitive religion and Islam, and a few believe in Catholicism and

_ _ Africa Tourism Raiders Festival

There are many African countries, and the situation of ethnic groups and tribes is more complicated, so African festivals are extremely colorful, with strong regional characteristics and distinctive national characteristics. Compared with European and American countries, African festivals retain more primitive customs. Various competitive competitions, attention to ancestral life and battle scenes, totem worship and traditional music and dance of various tribes are often indispensable contents in African festivals. Of course, in today's festival activities, not only the wild and rough original heritage is displayed, but also new contents such as promoting national culture, promoting inter-ethnic exchanges and unity, and promoting economic, trade and tourism development are added.

Religious festivals in Africa are the same as those in other parts of the world, and religious activities are indispensable in African festivals. The traditional religion in Africa is to worship many gods. All natural things, ancestors, totems, the sun and the moon, wind and rain can be gods. This is still reflected in various festivals in Africa. Among foreign religions, Islam and _ _ are quite influential, and Hinduism also has its sphere of influence. The religious festivals that follow will spread in areas where various religions are concentrated, but they will inevitably have the characteristics of African culture and even be integrated with local culture, thus changing the religious significance of the festivals.

For example, Eid al-Adha is a grand religious festival for Muslims in Morocco, which is held in late July every year. Festival customs are not much different from other Muslim countries. Before the festival, the trade of buying and selling sheep began. During the festival, every family will hold a big sheep banquet to entertain tourists, and even go to the mosque to hold a grand worship ceremony. Different from other regions, Muslims in Morocco hold a grand ceremony to offer sheep. Each family prepares a sheep, after praying, puts a knife in the sheep's neck, and then carries the bloody sheep and runs to the mosque. Before the sheep died in front of the temple, a gun was fired to indicate this auspicious omen, followed by a carnival. It is estimated that every year during Eid al-Adha, Morocco will slaughter millions of sheep for sacrifice. Therefore, King Hassan II called on 198 1 not to slaughter sheep in festivals, and Muslims in Morocco spent Eid al-Adha in a way that did not slaughter sheep. Eid al-Adha is also a traditional peace festival in Morocco. During the festival, tribes, family members and neighbors should live in harmony, and conflicts and disputes are not allowed.

Local traffic in African tourism strategy

There are no transnational highways running through Africa from east to west and from north to south. Even a country lacks a perfect transportation network and even basic road facilities. The similar highway system is the Mediterranean coast in North Africa, followed by the international network in the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa. Railways are the main means of transportation in South Africa and East Africa. In terms of scale, South Africa's railways and highways are second to none, reaching the world level.