What is a gem? What is jade?

Gem English can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Gem in a broad sense refers to all beautiful and precious stones, and China scholars use the word "gem" instead. Precious stones in a narrow sense refer to stones that can be used to make precious jewelry. It is generally believed that it should have three characteristics: grandeur, rarity and durability.

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There are two kinds of mineral polymer jade: soft and hard. Usually jade refers to nephrite, and jadeite also has a popular name-jadeite. Nephrite is a kind of hydrous calcium magnesium silicate with hardness of 6.5, excellent toughness, translucent to opaque, and fibrous crystal aggregate.

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