Characteristics of China's philosophy

China's philosophy is one of the independent philosophical types in the history of world philosophy. Compared with other types of philosophy, it has the following characteristics:

(1) The philosophy of feudal times was fully developed. China's philosophy began in the pre-Qin period and has a long history. Compared with other parts of the world at the same time, it belongs to one of the few philosophical forms that reached a higher level. After entering the feudal society, due to the long-term leading position of science and technology in the world and the relatively stable feudal ruling order, China's philosophy continued to develop on the basis of the philosophy of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, forming a feudal social philosophy with a long history and a high form. At the same time, other countries and regions.

(2) The philosophy of China feudal society is mainly combined with Confucian classics, not theology. In the feudal society of China, religious theology was very active, but failed to occupy a dominant position. China's philosophy has always been based on Confucianism, which follows the traditional view of destiny, but focuses on the real society and does not pay attention to the other side of the world. Emphasis is placed on moral education rather than religious preaching. Some thinkers with materialistic tendencies pretend to be "orthodox" and criticize religious theological views. In the west, medieval theology dominated, and philosophy became the handmaid of theology. Materialism can only exist in the form of religious cloak or religious heresy.

(3) China's traditional philosophy is closely related to ethics, and ontology, epistemology and moralism permeate each other, which has a strong ethical color. In the pre-Qin period, Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism and Legalism, which were contended by a hundred schools of thought, all took the view of heaven as the theoretical basis of their ethical theories. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, both Dong Zhongshu's theory of the connection between heaven and man and Wang Bi's proposition that "the famous religion comes from nature" regarded Confucianism as orthodox. They all proved Confucian ethics through their ontologies. In Neo-Confucianism of Song and Ming Dynasties, the combination of ontology, epistemology and moralism is more obvious. Zhang Zai takes qi as the foundation of all things, proclaims the spirit of benevolent governance of "people and my compatriots, things and things", while Cheng Cheng and Zhu Yili take reason as the noumenon, emphasizing that justice is the highest principle of human relations. In China's philosophy, epistemology is often associated with moral understanding and moral cultivation. Mencius's

④ The thinking mode of China's philosophy tends to be holistic, organic and continuous. China's philosophy has a rich tradition of simple dialectics, and many philosophers have expressed their dialectical thoughts in different terms, such as Laozi's "Anti-Tao Movement", Yi Chuan's "One Yin and One Yang as the Way", Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism's "One thing and two bodies", "One divides into two, and two becomes one" and so on.

⑤ China's philosophy has its own unique traditional concept category. Tao, Qi, Reason, Spirit, Deficiency, Honesty, Brightness, Body, Utility, Taiji, Yin and Yang, the unique conceptual categories of China's philosophy, condensed the wisdom of China thinkers. In the long-term historical development of China's philosophy, these categories have been enriched and endowed with new contents, and in-depth discussions have been carried out around these categories. The theoretical thinking level of China's philosophy is constantly improving. China's philosophy has also made a beneficial contribution to the development of human culture, spreading to neighboring countries and regions such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Southeast Asian countries, and having a wide and far-reaching influence all over the world.