French economy

France's economy is developed and its gross domestic product ranks among the top in the world. The main industrial sectors are mining, metallurgy, steel, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, machinery manufacturing, textile, chemistry, electrical appliances, electric power, consumer goods, food processing and construction. Nuclear energy, petrochemical industry, marine development, aerospace and other emerging industrial sectors have developed rapidly in recent years, and their proportion in industrial output value has been increasing. The capacity of nuclear power equipment, petroleum and petroleum processing technology ranks second in the world, second only to the United States; The aerospace industry ranks third in the world after the United States and CIS. Iron and steel industry and textile industry rank sixth in the world. However, traditional industrial sectors still dominate the industry, among which steel, automobiles and construction are the three pillars. The proportion of industry in the national economy is gradually declining. The proportion of tertiary industry in French economy is increasing year by year. Among them, the business volume of telecommunications, information, tourism services and transportation departments has increased substantially, and the service industry employees account for about 70% of the total labor force. French business is relatively developed, and food sales can generate the most income. In a wide variety of shops, supermarkets and chain stores are full of vitality, accounting for almost half of all commercial activities. France's iron ore reserves are about 654.38 billion tons, but the grade is low and the mining cost is high. Most of the iron ore needed depends on imports. Coal reserves are almost exhausted, and it is expected that all coal mines will be closed in 2005. Bauxite reserves are about 90 million tons. Non-ferrous metal reserves are very small, and almost all of them depend on imports. Oil reserves are only over 30 million tons. Natural gas reserves are 250 billion cubic meters, and 99% of the required oil and 75% of natural gas are imported. Hydropower resources are about 10 million kilowatts. Energy mainly depends on nuclear energy, and hydropower resources and geothermal energy are relatively abundant. The forest area is about15.3 million hectares, accounting for 2 1. 1% of the total forest area in the EU. The per capita green area is 0.3 hectares, and the forest coverage rate is 28.2%. France is an agricultural producer in the European Union and a big exporter of agricultural and sideline products in the world. Grain output accounts for one-third of Europe's grain output, and agricultural exports rank second in the world after the United States. With the urbanization of French population, the rural population is decreasing. The cultivated land area in France is 54910.9 million hectares, of which 6 1% is agricultural land, 27% is forestry land and 12% is non-agricultural land. 96% of agricultural land is owned by families. The traditional regional structure of agriculture is that the central and northern regions are the main producing areas of cereals, oilseeds, vegetables and beets, the western and mountainous regions are the main producing areas of feed crops, and the Mediterranean coast and southwest regions are the main producing areas of perennial crops (grapes and fruits). Mechanization is the main means to improve agricultural productivity, and the law has basically realized agricultural mechanization. Agricultural products processing industry is one of the pillar industries of French foreign trade export surplus. Twenty-four of Europe's largest 100 agro-food industrial groups are in France, and seven of the world's largest 100 agro-food industrial groups are in France. France's agricultural and sideline products export ranks first in the world, accounting for 1 1% of the world market. France is a big tourist country in the world, receiving more than 70 million foreign tourists every year on average, exceeding its own population. Paris, the capital, scenic spots along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts, and the Alps are all tourist attractions. In addition, there are some famous historical cities, castles along the Loire River, fishing villages in Brittany and Normandy, Corsica and so on. Some museums in France collect the precious heritage of world culture. France is also a big trading country in the world, and its foreign trade has two characteristics: First, imports exceed exports, resulting in a trade deficit. Imports mainly include energy and industrial raw materials, while exports mainly include machinery, automobiles, chemical products, steel, agricultural products, food, clothing, cosmetics and arms. French wines are world-renowned, and its liquor exports account for half of the world's exports. French fashion, French dinner and French perfume are all world-famous. On the other hand, non-product technology exports are growing rapidly, and pure technology exports are playing an increasingly important role in the whole export trade. The main source of French government revenue is tax, which is higher than that of the United States, Japan and other countries, mainly from value-added tax, as well as income tax, corporate tax, social welfare tax and so on.