What strategy did Liu Bang implement to govern the country after he proclaimed himself emperor?

After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, in view of the historical lessons of Qin's death and the desolation, economic depression and weak national strength of the country at that time, he adopted the Taoist principles of "ruling by Huang Lao" and "ruling by doing nothing", that is, thinking, governing, managing and managing the country and homeland.

First of all, the "county system" was adopted, and counties and feudal countries coexisted. The emperor separated the vassal state from the kingdom, in which the vassal state only enjoyed tax, income, levy, military affairs, harmony, transportation, administration and power within the fief, and was under the jurisdiction of counties, while the kingdom had independent administration, governance and military affairs, power and power. In addition, pay attention to building water conservancy internally, reduce taxes, and create conditions for restoring agricultural development; Externally, pro-Huns, and maintaining peace in the border areas. Liu Bang's series of rectification, governance, measures and methods have maintained peace for decades, but they have caused a series of problems: domestic lightness, timidity, thinness, taxation, politics and tactics have made people in some places proud, strong, powerful, Japanese, big, earth, land, both, present, happy, strict and heavy; Externally, the treacherous bandits of Xiongnu plundered the border more and more frequently, which threatened the life, life, wealth, property, safety and security of the people of Dahan in the border areas and caused serious damage to the society, economy and social development in the border areas.

While carrying out these policies, Liu Bang also had doubts about the princes with different surnames who had made great contributions in the Chu-Han dispute. At this time, Han Xin was deceived by Xiao He and killed by emperors, and then Peng Yue, Ying Bu and others were eliminated one after another. There are not many princes with different surnames left, and they are replaced by princes with Liu surname. Liu Bang once said to everyone in the White Horse League: "If Liu is not the king, the world will attack him."

After Liu Bang's death, Mao Lv Hou gradually came to power. Emperor Hui Di, the heir to the throne, was stimulated by Lv Hou and did not care about political affairs. After his death, Lv Hou established two puppet emperors, which gradually weakened Liu's imperial clan and made Lu king and took power for eight years.

Although Lv Hou is cool in high-level, high-level, struggle, middle-level, hand, paragraph and disability, he basically follows Liu Bang's established party, needle, politics and personnel system in terms of country, family, government, party and personnel. The country's economic form and society, society, class and order have further developed healthily. At the same time, Lv Hou also began to restore cultural development. She abolished Qin Shihuang's stipulation of carrying calligraphy, allowed folk academic groups to exist and teach, allowed and encouraged folk books collection, and rewarded founders, writers, engineers, constructors and book donors.

At the beginning of Han Dynasty, the nine laws and regulations deleted by Xiao He were basically followed. Although the Nine Chapters Law has been greatly improved compared with the Qin Law, it still retains many harsh provisions in the Qin Law. Lv Hou ordered to redefine these provisions, abolished many provisions, such as clan, punishment, division, waiting, etc., and lowered the punishment standards for a large number of criminal names and types.

After Lv Hou's death, he seized the ban, army and power, killed Lu Chan and others, and wiped out Lu's influence in North Korea.

After Lv Hou's death, because Zhu Lu mastered the military power, the heroes were even more dissatisfied with Lv Hou's expertise and power, and Qiu and Prime Minister plotted to seize the military power of Lv Hou. Since Han Taizu had only two sons left, the courtiers took Zhao, the queen mother of Huainan, as their soil to replace Zhao Weici's family. Therefore, on the grounds that the puppet emperor established by Lv Hou was not his own, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was welcomed as the emperor of Chinese literature. He lightened the burden on the people and the punishment. After his son Emperor Jing ascended the throne, he continued this kind of politics and policies, so this period was called "the rule of culture and scenery" in history. Wenjing Second Imperial Capital is an advocate of Taoism, family, thinking and thinking, and advocates inaction and rest. During this period, the country developed steadily and its national strength was greatly enhanced.

But during the reign of Emperor Jingdi, he listened to Chao Cuo's advice and cut the governors. Hastily triggered the only turmoil in this period-"the rebellion between the Seven Kingdoms and Wu Chu", which lasted less than three months and was finally put down by Zhou Yafu, the son of Zhou Bo. After the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion, the imperial court tried to deprive the governors of their power and strength, and strengthen the central, central, collective and power.

During the reign of Liu Che, Emperor Sejong of the Han Dynasty, the national foundation of the Western Han Dynasty was established and consolidated. After the death of Emperor Jing, Che succeeded to the throne, that is, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. As soon as he came to power, he changed the strategy of "governing by doing nothing" and dealt eleven blows to the Xiongnu. During this period, the Huns were expelled to Mobei, the western regions were opened, and the "Silk Road" was opened. Internally, the "order to push the favor" was implemented to weaken the strength of the princes; And held a "salt and iron conference" to nationalize the salt and iron production. However, the cost of Liang Wudi's foreign war is enormous. After he attacked Xiongnu for eleven times, he continued to attack Xiongnu and revived the Xiongnu border. In the middle and late period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, the government tax revenue increased again, and at the same time, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty increased the punishment again, which led to a large-scale flow, people, promotion and righteousness in the later period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. The cost is very high, so we set up officials who are "lose-lose" and "level off" to compete with the people for profits. In addition, "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" made Confucianism an inherent cultural trend in China, which had a bad influence on later generations.

In his later years, due to years of war, and the fact that Emperor Wu himself was overjoyed and lived in luxury, the national population was greatly reduced, the national finance was on the verge of collapse, and social contradictions were very acute. If we don't carry out reform, we may repeat the mistakes of Qin's death. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty immediately discovered this situation, so he changed his tune and published the famous Imperial edict of Luntai, and also expressed his deep introspection, regained the politics and policies of recuperating with the people in the early Han Dynasty, gradually stabilized the country and pulled the Han Dynasty back from the brink of collapse. Later, when commenting on Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he said that "although there was a loss of Qin, there was no disaster of Qin".

After Liang Wudi's death, Zhao Han, who was only eight years old, acceded to the throne. Huo Guang fully inherited Liang Wudi's politics, policies and national strength in his later years, and further improved his finance, society, society, hierarchy and order. Emperor Zhao is very clever, but he is jealous of talents. 2 1 died. After his death, the absurd Liu He was deposed and Xuan Di, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, ascended the throne.

Xuan Di, a folk, was the second civilian emperor in the Western Han Dynasty. Xuan Di's personality is very different from that of his grandfather, Prince, but very similar to that of his great-grandfather Emperor Wu. When I was young, I received a good education in Confucian poetry, calligraphy, etiquette and music, but I also loved cockfighting, running dogs and rangers, and traveled all over the land of three assistants, so I had a very clear understanding of folk sufferings and social ills.

In the early days of Xuan Di's coming to power, Huo Guang controlled the country, family, country and government, and his politics and policies were the same as before. After the death of Huo Guang, Xuan Di, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, began to be the real master of his own house, adhering to the politics, strategy and strategy of "Wang Ba's way is mixed". On the one hand, he continues to reduce taxes and people's burden, which is the so-called "king"; At the same time, the so-called "hegemony" means law enforcement, family affairs, political affairs, policies, rectification, stagnation, officials and governance.

On the premise of not affecting people's livelihood, Xiongnu also expressed his willingness to surrender during his reign. In the third year of Ganlu, Uhaanyehe welcomed Xuan Di as a courtier, and the hundred-year war between Han Dynasty and Xiongnu finally ended. Western regions, the establishment of the western regions are protected, and the 36 western regions were formally incorporated into the territory of the Han Dynasty. Finally, the national strength of the Han Dynasty was reversed and restored during the reign of Xuan Di, and reached its peak.

The period between Xuan Di and the last emperor, Zhao Yu, is called the reign of Zhao Xuanzong or Zhao Xuanzong.

Emperor Xuandi died at the age of 43, and Emperor Hanyuan ascended the throne. After Yuan Di ascended the throne, he rebelled against the politics and policies of Xuan Di period and vigorously promoted the unrealistic politics and policies of Confucianism, which led to the prevalence of the merger of powerful landlords, the corruption of state officials and governance, the gradual weakening of centralization and the deepening of social crisis. Later, Emperor Han Chengdi was heavier, more fascinated, more feminine and more attractive. Wang's power is getting stronger and stronger. Since Wang Feng was a relative of the Queen Mother, Wang's sons and nephews were all named General Fu, and Wang's power in the imperial court was increasingly consolidated.

Han set up iron officials in Hongnong and other counties to use criminals to smelt cast iron. His slaves in Yangshuo, slaves, slaves, slaves, slaves, and the iron official in Yingchuan called himself a general, seized weapons, weapons, killed people, officials and officials, and went to nine counties. In the third year of eternity, Su Ling, an iron-fisted official, and others made moves, moved, cleared the name, seized weapons, killed officials, passed through 19 counties and 10 countries, released prisoners along the way, and killed the satrap of Han Dongjun and a surname of Runan. Finally defeated by the Han army.

After the death of Emperor Han Cheng, Emperor Zhao joined forces with the Prince to crowd out the king. The prince ascended the throne in memory of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Put the mourning grandmother, Empress Fu, and the biological mother, Empress Ding, into the palace. Seeing that the tide was gone, Mang suggested making a temporary concession to the Queen Mother. Therefore, Wang Mang resigned and returned to Xinye Xinxiang to seal the country.

After the death of Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty, Wang's power rose again. At this time, Wang Mang gradually intervened in state affairs as a gentleman. Finally, he killed Xiaoping and abandoned his son. In June 9, 65438+ 10/0 officially proclaimed himself emperor, changed the Han Dynasty into a new one, and ended the Western Han Dynasty.