What is human nature?

The focus of humanism is to advocate freedom of thought and liberation of personality, and to affirm that man is the center of the world. It can be understood as people-oriented.

broad sense

Humanism refers to various social phenomena in human society. The big aspect can refer to the mental outlook and moral cultivation of society, and the small aspect can refer to people's understanding and cognition of their own spiritual world. Humanistic knowledge is a summary of human experience in understanding and transforming itself and society. Humanistic spirit is the spiritual achievement of the inner subject of humanistic knowledge cultivation, which contains people's inner world and is found in people's behavior and results.

Humanism is a dynamic concept. China's Ci Hai wrote: "Humanism refers to various cultural phenomena in human society". As we all know, culture is a symbol, value and norm shared by human beings, a nation and a crowd. Symbol is the foundation of culture, values are the core of culture, and norms, including customary norms, moral norms and legal norms, are the main contents of culture. Humanism refers to the advanced, scientific, excellent and healthy part of human culture. Moreover, its core refers to advanced values, and its main content refers to advanced norms. For society, especially advanced laws and institutional norms, for members of society, especially advanced ethics and customary norms, for teenagers, the first thing is to develop good customary norms. Judging from the history of the Renaissance, humanism should be a culture that values people.

narrow sense

Conceptually speaking, it can be said that human nature is the advanced part and core part of human culture, that is, advanced values and their norms. Its concentrated expression is that people are valued, respected, cared for and taken care of. In short, humanism means attaching importance to human culture.

Humanism, as the gene of human culture, as a simple habit and consciousness, has existed since ancient times, whether in the West or the East, whether in China or abroad. However, as a social trend and a universal culture, that is, more people and larger groups share more stable values and norms, it began with the Renaissance in 15 and 16 centuries and formed in John Locke and Adam Smith in 17 and 18 centuries. In the development period, the two UN human rights declarations are the symbols of the legalization and internationalization of human nature, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the realization of self-worth are the most outstanding representatives of modern humanism.

Pay attention to the meaning of human nature

Since modern times, a series of profound changes have taken place in human society. First of all, the humanistic revolution-the Renaissance, the scientific revolution-the birth of modern science. And two concepts were born: humanistic concept-respect for people; Scientific concept-respect the law. Following the industrial revolution, the industrial revolution experienced three stages: the steam engine era, the electrical era and the electronic era. Great changes have taken place in human society.

In these great cultural changes, the Chinese nation has been sleeping. To make matters worse, when we wake up, we often mistake a series of great changes in the world and many achievements of human civilization, especially the great achievements of humanistic thought and spirit, and deny, reject and resist them for a long time, which greatly increases the resistance in our reform process and leaves many gaps and faults in our national historical process. What's more, these misunderstandings, barriers and faults have been internalized in our education for a long time, which makes our education often in an embarrassing situation, which further increases the difficulty for us to understand the process of modern social civilization. We woke up, but we didn't.

Now, there is a new revolution: informationization, knowledge, democratization and globalization. People's position in society and society itself are undergoing fundamental changes. People have developed from tool people and economic people in the past to modern social people and cultural people. The value of people has been fully recognized, the mutual communication and recognition between people has been better realized, and the modern national qualities such as self-confidence, equality and sense of value have been more widely improved.

The core of human nature is "people", people-oriented, caring, loving and respecting people. This is what we often call humanistic care and life care. Man is the measure of everything. Of all the rights in the world, only human rights are innate, inalienable and irreplaceable. Recognize the value of people and respect their personal interests, including material interests and spiritual interests.

Humanism, first of all, is an idea, an idea, but also a system and a law. Humanistic thought is the theoretical basis of humanistic system, and humanistic system is the realization, institutionalization and legalization of humanistic thought.

The birth of the concept of human rights, the legalization of human rights, the internationalization and globalization of human rights law are the signs of the true establishment of humanism and the fundamental guarantee for the realization of humanistic thought.

The slogan of "High-tech Olympics, People's Olympics and Green Olympics" should be put forward for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

High-tech Olympics means that there will be high-tech buildings in the 2008 Olympic Games.

People's Olympics means that China has a history of 5,000 years.

Green Olympics means that China will take an environmental protection route during the Olympic Games and in the future.

Relationship among Green Olympics, People's Olympics and High-tech Olympics

In a narrow sense, green Olympics, people's Olympics and high-tech Olympics are independent of each other and influence each other. Green Olympics embodies a kind of respect for nature, humanistic Olympics embodies the humanization of Olympics, and high-tech Olympics embodies modernization.

Broadly speaking, green Olympics, people's Olympics and high-tech Olympics intersect with each other. Although the two have different emphases, there is no obvious boundary, and they are closely related and inseparable. Green Olympics embodies the concepts of humanistic Olympics and high-tech Olympics. Humanistic Olympics needs green Olympics as the foundation and high-tech Olympics as the support, which is helpful to realize humanistic Olympics and green Olympics. Therefore, when we discuss the green Olympics, it will inevitably involve the categories of people's Olympics and high-tech Olympics.

On the management orientation of humanistic Olympics

Humanistic Olympics is a systematic project, and its commercial orientation should be accurate. "Humanism" refers to various cultural phenomena in human society. Humanistic Olympics refers to "various cultural phenomena of the Olympics" and refers to the humanistic phenomenon of people-oriented Olympic participation, the core of which is "Olympics" and its "Olympic humanism" phenomenon; "People's Olympics" does not mean "People's China". Only "People's Olympics" can be called "People's Olympics". Only by integrating China's culture into the Olympic participation culture can it become a real "people's Olympics" ... Can the "Olympic cultural phenomenon or landscape" directly formed through the Olympic Games be called "people's Olympics"?

"Hurry up! Higher! Stronger! " It not only refers to sports achievements, but also has a deeper meaning; The most important purpose of participating in the Olympic Games is not to win the championship, but to participate! Participating in the Olympic Games is one of the effective ways to achieve the goal of "People's Olympics". The management mode of "new participation" is only a means and marketing tool to realize the management of "products": it is an effective driving mode of "culture, mass, entertainment, network and global" by introducing public participation, so that the widest range of participants can know and understand the products through the "participation" activities of "product content"

The strategic purpose of hosting the Olympic Games is to "spread China culture, enhance communication and understanding with people of other countries, and promote the development of various undertakings in the host country". Combining "hosting the Olympic Games" with "promoting the development of various undertakings in China" is the "product" of "People's Olympics"! Among the "products" of the People's Olympics, there are both "Olympic Humanities" and "China Humanities" of China's history, economy, science and technology, education and humanities. So how can we let the whole world know more about the content of "China Culture"? In other words, how to "manage" these "product contents"? We believe that through the promotion of "new participation", the maximum marketing of "products" can be realized. We assume that "Olympic language communication environment building activity" is a product; "New participation" is a means to realize product marketing; "Olympic language communication environment construction activities" is the carrier of marketing, and "cultural promotion" is the goal to be achieved!

★ Use the most direct carrier of Olympic humanistic activities to realize the marketing purpose of humanistic Olympic "products"; In line with the requirements of "new participation" that "all carriers and marketing means are for the realization of product management goals and objectives".

★ After re-planning and evolution, the design of "People's Olympics New Participation" will become a development project involving the Olympic international market, far from being a traditional or general activity.

The concept of global participation in humanistic Olympics

The Olympics advocates "participation"! The new century has aroused the humanistic Olympics with global participation! In the new century, the traditional Olympic Games have spanned several centuries. In the 2 1 century with the rapid development of science and technology, the Olympics should have its brand-new content, brand-new way and brand-new participation! It is no longer a "program" that most people watched in the past, but an activity with more connotation and more people participating; It is a more extensive communication activity and a carrier for more people to participate in and directly promote social progress.

As a new Olympic Games in the new century, it should have more fascinating development. The People's Olympics in the new century should allow the "participation" activities to develop from on-site to off-site, and to develop to four years before the competition! We should break through time and space and start a business! Take advantage of the conditions provided by the new century to let participants from all over the world participate in the People's Olympics in different places.

-"Participating in the People's Olympics" is a broader and longer-term competition for people in the world who pursue human peace, directly four years before the competition! This is a four-year participation from 2004 to 2008.

-Participation in the People's Olympics is not only in the stadium, but also outside the stadium! Participation is not limited by time and space, and communication and interaction are the biggest themes for people to participate in the Olympic Games! It is a global participation activity with great attraction, penetration and cohesion in many countries and regions, and it is an exchange activity in which more people participate in human civilization.

-Participation in the People's Olympics is not limited to the traditional "face-to-face" participation, but remote participation by using the Internet, which is a global participation without time and space constraints! It is a popular, entertaining and widely participated competition!

-Participating in the People's Olympics is an exchange of national culture, language and commerce; Mobilizing the extensive participation of all ethnic groups in the world in the four years before the competition is a great cause to spread human civilization, break the political deadlock, promote economic development, strengthen the integration and unity of all ethnic groups in the world, and safeguard and develop world peace.

-The new participation of the People's Olympics is bathed in the new century and new economic era, and the Internet has become the platform for the realization of the "global new participation model"; Providing global participation in the "People's Olympics" through the Internet can help the host country and the International Olympic Committee gain benefits from the global market.

The "Content" Orientation of Humanistic Olympic Management

"People's Olympics" is an important part of the three exhibition fulcrums of "New Olympics", and the exhibition of China's people mainly depends on the People's Olympics. What should be displayed in the study of humanistic Olympics? This is related to China's strategic goal of hosting the Olympic Games, and its exhibition content is a key! But it is impossible to run the humanities in China.

The main contents of "Olympic Humanities" outside the stadium are: the establishment of the "language environment" of the Olympic Games, the relay of the Olympic flame, participation in the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games, participation in Olympic literature and art, and participation in more Olympic cultural activities. In the activities of these Olympic humanistic phenomena, it is easier to find the humanistic content of the Olympic Games by operating the humanistic Olympics, but it is particularly important when it is integrated into the humanistic phenomenon in China (here, let's separate other features for the time being):

1, the main Olympic sports and humanities project; 2. Olympic humanities peripheral projects.

The influence of humanistic Olympics on Beijing's construction of a harmonious society

The influence of humanistic Olympics on Beijing's construction of a harmonious society is mainly manifested in three aspects: the overall improvement of the quality of urban civilization; Promote the construction of urban culture; Promote the sustainable development of people-oriented cities.

(A) The overall improvement of the quality and level of Beijing's urban civilization by the People's Olympics

Beijing 2008 Olympic Games will provide a broad development platform for improving the quality of Beijing's urban civilization and establishing a good image of Beijing as an international metropolis, and also put forward new requirements for the construction of Beijing's urban spiritual civilization. The overall improvement of the level of urban civilization is mainly reflected in the quality of citizens' civilization and the style of urban civilization. The hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games provides a rare opportunity for Beijing to improve the civilized quality of its citizens and strengthen the construction of urban civilization. The Beijing Olympic Games will be a window to show the spirit of modern China people. The success of hosting the Olympic Games depends not only on the preparations for the Olympic Games, but also on whether it has first-class citizen quality, first-class urban humanistic environment, first-class Olympic service level and first-class social atmosphere. The process of humanistic Olympics' influence on citizens' civilized quality is a process of social spiritual civilization construction including etiquette education, legal education and honesty education. Humanistic Olympics, with its rich spiritual connotation, has a positive impact on all major aspects of Beijing's urban modernization: first, social modernization with economic take-off, scientific and technological development and system improvement as its main connotation; The first is the modernization of people with the improvement of quality, the transformation of lifestyle and cultural model as the main connotation. The construction of spiritual civilization in China's social transformation period depends to a great extent on the cultural construction of the whole society and the development of people's own modernization with the transformation of human culture as the core. Under the influence of economic globalization, traditional culture and modern culture, Chinese and western cultures constantly conflict and blend, which constitutes the cultural foundation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's spiritual civilization construction. In order to build a harmonious society in Beijing, People's Olympics, as a concept of sports culture development, has played a positive role in promoting Beijing's urban development, affecting people's thoughts, moral concepts, mental outlook, values, social morality and civilized accomplishment, and providing a high-quality soft environment platform for the city to build a harmonious society.

(B) to promote the construction of urban culture

Culture is the soul of the Olympics. As a cultural concept, People's Olympics has a positive role in promoting the cultural construction of the city. With the deepening of social modernization in China, humanistic sports thought, as a cultural concept, plays an increasingly important role in social transformation and human modernization transformation. Sports culture has played an important intermediary role in the process of human modernization with the transformation of human culture as the core. As an integral part of human culture, sports is an important intermediary to promote human development. On the materialization level, sports meet people's needs for physical exercise through various forms, methods and means; On the spiritual level, sports, with its cultural form, permeates people's value system, affecting and changing people's spiritual world. The cultural value of the Olympic Games plays an irreplaceable role in the process of people's own modernization centered on cultural transformation, which subtly promotes "the cultural transformation of China people from a spontaneous traditional subject who lives by virtue of experience, tradition, customs and emotions to a free and conscious modern subject who lives by virtue of reason, rules and the legal system" [3]. This is the key link of sports development in the process of social modernization and transformation in China, which has a positive impact on building a harmonious society, improving national quality and developing human resources.

(c) Promoting people-oriented sustainable urban development

Humanistic Olympics is not only a cultural concept, but also a cultural development strategy with the practical characteristics of sustainable development. [4] Its core concept is harmony, with the aim of promoting the development of the Olympic Games and promoting the preparation of the Olympic Games with the development of the city. It combines the goal of urban sustainable development with the optimization of hardware facilities and software in urban construction, and organically combines economic growth with the improvement of citizens' humanistic quality and quality of life.

The concept of people-oriented sustainable development put forward by the People's Olympics is in line with the guiding ideology of "adhering to people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable Scientific Outlook on Development and better promoting economic and social development" emphasized by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee. Among them, the harmonious development between man and nature is of great significance in the process of building a harmonious socialist society. Coordinating the harmonious development between man and nature is an urgent requirement to maintain the sustained and healthy development of China's economy and society, as well as to ensure the healthy living environment and all-round development of human beings. In the implementation of humanistic Olympics, based on the harmonious development between man and nature, humanistic Olympics and green Olympics are the primary goals of Beijing's urban and community construction, based on the combination of "people-oriented", urban environmental construction, organizational system, community service, cultural propaganda and sports activities are strengthened, and the Olympic Movement is used as a link to promote urban community construction, establish a healthy and civilized sports lifestyle and promote urban sustainable development.

Four. conclusion

The success of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games cannot be separated from a harmonious and open modern city. The proposal and implementation of the concept of humanistic Olympics will have a far-reaching impact on Beijing's construction of a harmonious society. Humanistic Olympics is not only a concept of cultural development, but also the guiding ideology of building a harmonious society in Beijing. As the host city of the Olympic Games, Beijing cannot do without the construction of the natural environment and the shaping of the human environment. The concept of humanistic Olympics provides a yardstick for Beijing to build a harmonious society and a high-quality urban humanistic soft environment. At the same time, shaping citizens' rational thinking, open mind, innovative spirit, tolerance and other civilized qualities will provide spiritual motivation for Beijing's urban development and building a harmonious society.

The word "benevolence" first appeared in the Chinese version of the book of changes: "combining rigidity with softness is also astronomical." When civilization stops, so does human nature. Observe astronomy to observe time changes; Look at humanity and turn it into the world. " The second explanation of Yi Zhuan in Song Dynasty: "Astronomy is justice; People-oriented, the way of people is also. Astronomy means that the sun, the moon and the stars alternate, and yin and yang change in cold and heat. Observe its operation and change it at four o'clock. Humanity, the sequence of human principles, educates the world from the viewpoint of humanity, and the world has become its customs and habits, which is the way for saints to use it. " Humanity originally refers to various traditional attributes of human beings.

In modern times, the word humanism is used to translate humanism and humanism. This word was used by some intellectuals during the Renaissance in Europe. In the process of transcending and resisting the religious tradition in the Middle Ages in Europe, they regarded the classical culture of Greece and Rome as a refuge, and in this way they changed back and forth to the secular humanistic tradition. These people were called "humanists", and later their knowledge became "humanism". In the19th century, the so-called humanities appeared in Europe, and the so-called humanities began to appear in British and American universities in the 20th century. The meaning of humanity does not mean that humanistic things are explained by a scientific theory, but that people are seeking all kinds of knowledge and discussing human knowledge.