Traditional Chinese Musical Instruments

It refers to the music played by stringed instruments and bamboo wind instruments, which is mainly popular in the south. In bamboo and silk music, suona and pipes are not used, nor are gongs, drums and other percussion instruments with strong sound. It is characterized by a small orchestra, a light and lively musical interest, an exquisite and delicate playing style, and a beautiful, soft and elegant musical character. The main types of music are Jiangnan silk and bamboo, Guangdong music, Fujian Nanyin, and Yunnan Lijiang's Baisha music.

1, Jiangnan silk and bamboo: popular in southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Its band establishment is generally 7-8 people, less 2-5 people, with the flute (or xiao) and erhu as the main instrument, and other commonly used instruments are small three-stringed, pipa, yangqin, sheng, drums, wooden fish, touch bells and so on. The combination of instruments is flexible and changeable, when playing each instrument only one, the performer can improvise according to the performance of the instrument, and play different tunes on the basis of the same tune. Each instrument in the cooperation, often take "you into my out, I into you out; you complex I simple, I complex you simple; you high and I low, I high and you low; you positive and I reverse, I positive and you reverse; you long and I short, I long and you short; you stop and I drag, I stop and you drag; divided for a long time will be united, united for a long time will be divided; the same in the different, the same in the different" (Flower Sound Eight Methods) approach.

2. Cantonese music: Originally, it referred to Cantonese folk songs, raps, operas and folk instrumental music, but later it only referred to the folk instrumental ensemble forms popular in Guangdong, also known as Cantonese Xiaoqu. The combination of instruments in Cantonese music varies with the times. In the early days, there were "five heads": the two-stringed instrument, the fiddle (made of bamboo, with a thin wooden board embedded in the front end and a money hole cut into the bamboo joints at the back end), the bamboo flute, the three-stringed instrument, and the moon zither; later on there was a change to the "three heads": the gaohu (Cantonese hu), the yangqin, and the Qinqin, Later it was changed to "three pieces": the gaohu (Cantonese hu), yangqin, and qin. Later, other bamboo and silk instruments such as the pipa, the coconut hu, the flute, the xiao, the suona, the wooden fish, and the bells were added to the "three pieces of head". The sound is clear and bright, the melody is smooth, and the rhythm is lively and changeable. The syntax is commonly used in "iambic pentameter" and "prose", and the music style is warm and bright. It is also known as blowing and beating music, which is a common form of instrumental music in folk festivals and customary activities as well as weddings and funerals. It is mainly composed of wind and percussion instruments, supplemented by stringed instruments, and is characterized by independent and complete gongs and drums passages in the structure.

1, Southern Jiangsu blowing: prevalent in the southern Jiangsu Suzhou, Wuxi area, a long history. The flute and drums are the main instruments, wind instruments such as xiao, sheng or suona are available, stringed instruments such as erhu, banhu, pipa, sanxian, etc., and percussion instruments such as boards, drums, drums and gongs are available. There are many different combinations of bands in the actual performance.

2, Shanxi drum music: popular in northern Shanxi Province, Wutai, Dingxiang and other counties, with a long history and deep traditions, at least in the mid-Qing Dynasty has been circulating in the folklore; mostly used for weddings, funerals, festivals, temple fairs and other occasions, but also has been absorbed by the Wutai Mountain Green Temple religious music, played in the Ch'anmen Buddhist events. The orchestra is composed of as few as 10 people and as many as dozens or hundreds of people; the pipes are the main instruments, and there are other wind instruments such as the sea flute, flute, sheng, and so on; the percussion instruments are the board drums, cymbals, gongs, gongs, gongs, gongs and clappers, etc. The band is composed of about 10 people, and there are more than ten or hundreds of people. Please enjoy the wind and percussion music "Celebrating the Harvest" The folk music ensemble in China's traditional music genre is characterized by small size, variety, strong regionality and strong local characteristics. The folk orchestra draws on the advantages of all kinds of instrument combinations in the traditional music genre, and according to the performance, characteristics and timbre of the folk instruments, and taking into account the coordination of the high, middle and low voices with the balance of the volume and the coordination of the timbres, it generally includes four instrument groups: the wind group, the plucking group, the string-pulling group, and the percussion group. Due to the size of the band compilation of different types and number of musical instruments are also different, commonly used instruments are as follows:

Wind instrument group: flute, xiao, sheng, suona, pipe and so on.

Plucked group: liuqin, pipa, zhongruan, danyuan, yangqin, zheng, sanxian, etc..

The stringed group: gaohu, erhu, zhonghu, dahu, low hu, etc.

Percussion group: timpani, gongs, drums, cymbals, clanging bells, wooden fish, cloud gongs, etc.

National Orchestral Ensemble "Moonlit Night of Spring River Flowers"

National Orchestral Ensemble "Moonlit Night of Spring River Flowers"

National Orchestral Ensemble "Moonlit Night of Spring River Flowers"

The piece is divided into nine segments with one coda, which belongs to the structure of multi-section body, and is also a free variation body. At the end of each section with a unified termination type phrases. The sub-titles and performance content of each section are:

1. Bells and drums of the river tower: the introduction of the whole piece, the pipa plays a slow and fast, weak and strong tone pattern, imitating the sound of the bell tower drums at dusk on the riverside; followed by xiao song (the core of the theme of the whole piece), followed by a burst of the same tone repeated xiao drums. The theme, like the melody of the song, is quiet and soft; it is developed by the techniques of homophonic succession, downward modal progression and material diffusion.

2. Moon over the eastern mountains: the theme is freely modulated in the upper fourth.

3. Wind and Water: a synthesis of the first two sections, with a more complete statement of the theme.

4. Cascade of flowers and shadows: a variation of the previous section, with the beginning and end basically the same, and a number of phrases in the middle of a homophonic progression of downward molding.

5. Deep water and clouds: the use of the theme of the seed tones to develop, the head and tail is basically the same theme, the middle is the seed tones to develop the part of the trill, the use of trills has a unique artistic effect.

6, the fisherman sings in the evening: this variation, in the upper fifth of the key is the development of a new rhythmic pattern, and as the core tone for the continuous downward modulation, the end of the theme changes appear.

7, migratory waves beat the shore: the first phrase is the compression of the previous paragraph, in an even rhythm, and then the theme to stretch the rhythm to form a series of homophonic succession of downward modal tones.

8. The radial sound of the far-see: the first half of the phrase is a dynamic dotted-note rhythmic pattern, and the second half is a compression of the theme.

9: The climax of the piece. In the first half of the theme, the rhythmic pattern of the notes is fixed, and the pattern is molded downward, with the melody alternating between ascending and descending; the fast speed and strong strength create a dynamic sense of interweaving the sound of radials, waves, and human voices, and push the music to a climax. The second half is the same as the latter part of the previous section, returning to the beautiful, song-like theme.

10, coda: from the theme of part of the tone cut combination into a melody, with a stretching and slow rhythm, gently, gradually disappear, all return to peace. Please enjoy the folk orchestral ensemble "Moonlit Night of Spring River" 4 Musical Characteristics of Folk Instrumental Music