Differences between traditional management and modern management in property management mode of residential quarters

In modern society, the relationship between owners and property is sometimes sharp, and some property management can not meet the requirements of owners, leading to contradictions. What are the property management modes of residential quarters? Does the modern property management model better meet the needs of consumers?

Six modes of housing management

According to the economic situation in different regions, there are six management modes of residential quarters (buildings) in China:

(1) Property management is mainly carried out in property management companies established in districts, sub-district offices and neighborhood committees;

(2) Carry out property management through the property management company transformed from the real estate management department;

(3) Property management companies established by real estate development enterprises carry out property management work; (four) the management mode of the units directly under the public housing;

(5) Property management companies established in full accordance with the modern enterprise system carry out property management work; (6) The trinity management mode of neighborhood committee, community service station and property management company is adopted for property management.

Second, traditional property management and modern property management

(A) the traditional property management

It is usually managed by administrative means, and its management unit is a functional department of the government, such as the municipal and district housing management bureaus and the grass-roots unit-housing management office. The traditional housing management unit belongs to the business nature. Because the houses managed by the housing management department are state-owned property (single property right), the housing management department is the functional department of the government, and the property right and management right are integrated. The maintenance of general houses and their ancillary equipment is relatively simple, and the management level does not need to be very high. Usually, as long as the housing management office is equipped with "one member and three workers", it can be responsible for the maintenance and management of a house. A "member" is a housekeeper who collects rent regularly every month. If the residents have problems, they are only responsible for transmitting information and only focusing on the maintenance of the house; The "three jobs" are bricklayers, carpenters and laborers, that is, basic maintenance teams. Only a few housekeepers have plumbers. There are two sources of maintenance funds: first, low rent (because the policy adopted by the state is welfare housing distribution system, and few people rely on rent collection); Secondly, it relies heavily on state financial subsidies. Therefore, the more houses built by the state, the heavier the burden. The state wants to manage the house well, but there is no financial guarantee.

(B) market-oriented property management

Market-oriented property management is managed by economic means, and its management unit-property management company belongs to the nature of enterprise. The basic management unit of a property management company is the management office. Generally speaking, property management companies only have the right to operate and manage, but have no property rights. The content of property management company management is very extensive, which is usually divided into three categories: the first category is public service, which provides all households with regular paid or unpaid services, such as cleaning, public security, landscaping and so on. The second category is special services, which provide special services for residents in the community, such as maintaining and managing various vehicles, providing indoor decoration services for users, and opening shops, restaurants and hair salons. The third category is special services, that is, services provided according to the special needs of residents, such as buying buses and boat tickets, buying food and vegetables for residents, and sending children to school on their behalf. Its source of funds is mainly raised by property management companies themselves, which can be solved by collecting management fees and providing paid services for residents through diversified operations.

(C) Comparison of two management methods

1, from the traditional housing management mode to the market-oriented property management mode under the conditions of socialist market economy, on the surface, there is little difference between the two, both of which are property management. However, if we carefully compare the concepts of property and property management with traditional housing management, it is not difficult to find that there are many differences between them in principle.

2. Looking at the difference between the two from the management content, for many years, the traditional housing management has been based on a single "rent-collecting and housing-raising". However, the state implements welfare-oriented low-rent housing policy. Even if the rent is collected, the house can't be raised, and the maintenance of the house needs a lot of financial subsidies from the government. Therefore, the more houses are built, the more government subsidies and the heavier the burden. Property management is an all-round and multifunctional operation, management and service for houses, equipment, facilities, municipal administration and environment. It should not only manage the house well, but also provide material and spiritual services with people as the core. Enterprises realize hematopoietic function by implementing the business policy of focusing on one industry and diversified operations, and the government does not give subsidies, and gradually moves towards a virtuous circle.

3. Look at the difference between the two from the property right relationship of the management object.

Traditional housing management, whether it is government or departmental management, is state-owned and has a single property right. With the commercialization of housing and the implementation of housing system reform, the property right structure has undergone fundamental changes. The original pattern of public houses as the main body was replaced by a large number of adjacent housing patterns used by all * * *. For example, in Guangzhou, 80% of the total residential commercial housing is purchased by individuals every year. Now, Guangzhou has formed a diversified property right pattern by the state, collectives and individuals, including compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and foreigners. In the face of this change, if the traditional management method is still used, it will not only lead to anarchy, but also lead to the maintenance and management of the whole building and house falling into a state of unplanned and unmanaged. However, property management has broken through the boundary between property ownership and decentralized management, and implemented a highly unified and all-round service management. In addition to maintaining and managing all the houses and ancillary facilities in the residential area, it also manages the sanitation, greening, municipal administration, public security and transportation in an all-round way, giving full play to the overall functions of the residential area and creating conditions for building a comfortable, beautiful, safe and harmonious living environment, which is well received by residents.

4. Look at the difference between them from the management mechanism.

The traditional housing management is that the housing management unit manages the tenants with its own will, and their relationship with the tenants is the relationship between management and being managed. The tenants have been in a passive position for a long time and cannot choose. A resident living in public housing in Nanjing has been reporting to the housing management department for nearly a year. The resident really had no choice but to turn to the public hotline. Market-oriented property management means that property owners and users choose property management enterprises through the market. Property management companies also have the right to accept or not accept the appointment. Under the principle of complete equality, both parties sign a contract through two-way choice to clarify their respective rights and obligations. The relationship between management company and residents is the relationship between service and being served, and management is integrated into service. Property management companies should try their best to meet and solve various services that residents need.

The fundamental reason for the above differences lies in the different ownership of property rights. The public nature of real right has always made the guardianship responsibility of property unrealistic, and administrative means have made management rigid. With the reform of China's land use system and the introduction of market mechanism, China's land resources have truly realized great self-value, and it is finally possible to fundamentally solve the housing problem of ordinary people. It is also under this condition that property management came into being.

(The above answers were published on 20 15- 12-25, and the current relevant housing purchase policies should be based on the actual situation. )

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