What are the festivals of the Mongolians?

What are the festivals in Mongolia? Traditional festivals include the "White Festival", the Ovoo Festival, Naadam, and the Brave Man's Game on the Grassland: the Mane Festival, and so on.

The biggest festival of the year in Mongolian folklore is equivalent to the Chinese New Year Festival, also known as the "White Moon", the legend is related to the whiteness of the milk, which contains the meaning of blessing good luck. The timing of the festival roughly coincides with the Spring Festival. On New Year's Eve, every family eats hand-meat, but also dumplings, pancakes, the morning of the first day of the year, the younger generation to the elders to toast the "farewell wine".

In Xilingol League folk in addition to the New Year's Day, but also in the summer of each year, "horse milk festival". Before the festival, every family should slaughter sheep to do hand-me-down mutton or whole sheep feast, but also milking horse milk wine. On the day of the festival, every herdsman's family should take out the best dried milk, cheese, milk tofu and other dairy products on the plate to entertain guests. Horse milk wine is considered a holy drink, dedicated to the honored guests.

Naadamu Assembly: held every year in the summer and fall pastoral leisure. "Naadamu" in the Mongolian language in the meaning of entertainment or games. The content of wrestling, horse racing, archery, dance, and material exchange. In addition, after the liberation of the overlooking and added a lot of new content, such as track and field, ball games, cultural performances, photo exhibitions, film screenings, exchange of production experience, etc., and become the Mongolian people's favorite event.

The Luban Festival is a traditional festival of the Mongolian people around the western city of Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, held on the second day of the fourth lunar month every year for one day. The Mongolian people living here learned construction techniques from other brotherly peoples. The houses they built are not only chic and beautiful, but also durable, and are quite praised by the people of various ethnic groups in the neighborhood. In order to commemorate and celebrate the achievements in civil engineering construction, they designated the second day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar as the Luban Festival. Festival day, go out to build the mud, wood, stonemasons, regardless of the distance to come back home to celebrate the festival. All villages to kill pigs and sheep, stage singing. People also put sandalwood carving Lu Ban statue picking up, beating gongs and drums, traveling straight to the villages, and then, everyone gathered on the field, singing and dancing. Their favorite dance is called "jumping music". When jumping, first by the male youth as a pioneer, they embrace the dragon head ukulele, playing and jumping, behind the crowd of people divided into two rows, sometimes in a circle and sometimes interspersed with each other, the team shape changes, and singing and dancing, the scene is very active.

Burning Lantern Festival, every year on the 25th day of the 10th lunar month, when the night falls, the family lit lamps to show that the celebration. Nowadays, most Mongolians in Hebuksaier Mongol Autonomous County and Emin County do not burn lamps; Mongolians in Usu County do not burn lamps on the day of the Lantern Festival, replacing it with various forms of entertainment.

What are the traditional Mongolian festivals? There are many Mongolian festivals, including the Spring Festival (White Moon), Naadam, Horse Milk Festival, Ovoo Festival, Genghis Khan Mausoleum, etc. Among them, the Spring Festival and Naadam Assembly. Among them, the Spring Festival and Naadam Assembly are the most grand.

What are the famous festivals in Mongolia

What are the festivals and customs of the Mongolian traditional festivals are mainly the New Year of the Old Calendar, the Mongolian language for the "Chagan Saren", that is, the white month. Mongolian New Year's Day is also known as the "White Festival" or "White Moon", which is closely related to the white of the milk. In addition, there are Naadam, horse milk festival.

Ovoo worship is also considered one. Ao wu is the Mongolian language, meaning heap or drum bag. One of the grand rituals of the Mongolian nation. Ovoo is usually located in the mountains or hills, with stones piled up into a conical solid tower, the top inserted a long pole, the pole head tied to the livestock hair horns and scripture cloth, four sides put the burning cypress incense pad stone; in the Ovoo next to the branches are also full of branches for the whole goat, horse milk wine, butter and cheese, and so on. Offerings put, in ancient times, by the shamanism shaman drums and incantations, worship and prayers; in modern times, by the lama burning incense and fire, chanting sutra. Herdsmen are around the Ovoo, from left to right turn three times, praying for God's blessing. Mongolian herders inherited the original religious beliefs of their ancestors, thought the mountains are tall and majestic, there will be the road to heaven; mountains and fantasy where the gods live. Therefore, they express their worship to the mountains and pray to the gods by sacrificing Ovoo. There are a lot of traditional Mongolian rituals, such as sacrificing to the sky, sacrificing to the fire, sacrificing to the ancestors, sacrificing to the Ovoo, etc. Among them, sacrificing to the Ovoo is the most important one. Among them, Ao Bao Sacrifice is the most important sacrificial activity, which is one of the manifestations of the grassland people's idea of reverence for nature. Xilin Gol League is the sacrifice of Ovoo historical remains more complete preservation of the region.

Etiquette and customs:

The Mongolian people on the guests, whether acquaintances or strangers, a meeting is always greeted warmly: "He Saiyinbainu." (Well), then the master put his right hand on his chest, bowed slightly, invited guests into the yurt, the whole family sat around the guests, asked questions, as if they were home.

Usually, after drinking milk tea, the generous hosts always put sweet butter, milk skin, mellow milk wine, crispy fried fruit and fried rice, milk tea, cheese, as well as the unique grassland flavor of the "hand-picked meat" in front of the guests, guests are invited to drink a full meal. If the master of the guests to show special respect, often milk pots, wine pots in the hatha on the end out, and sometimes sing some songs to express welcome and friendly to persuade the guests to drink, the guests to drink, the master will be extraordinarily happy. Encounter banquet please especially honored guests or ceremonies, often set the whole goat seat. The Mongolian people call it "Ucha", also called "Xiu Si", "Bu Hu Li". When the guests say goodbye, often the family sends them off, showing them the way to go, and saying again and again, "Baiyi Ritai!" "Bairi Ritai Uchazhaya (I hope we will meet again happily)," "Amri, Saiyin, Yaba!" (wishing you a safe journey).

Offering Hada: Hada is a Tibetan transliteration. Often used in welcoming, gifting, honoring God, New Year's greetings and celebrations, to show respect and congratulations. This etiquette has a long history. According to "Marko? Polo Travels" wrote, the Mongolian "New Year's Eve festivals with each other with gold, silver, jade and stone gifts made with white silk cloth together with the offer.

Hand snuff bottle: is an ancient custom of the Mongolian people, guests in the yurt, the host of the hospitality, often to take out a delicate like a porcelain vase like a small pot, to the guests to smell, which is loaded with snuff snuff bottle. Hand snuff bottle also has certain rules. If it is the same generation to meet, with the right hand to hand pots, mutual exchange, or hands slightly raised, bow and exchange, and then each poured out a little snuff, smeared with a finger on the nostrils, smell the smoke, taste and then exchange. If the elders and juniors meet, they should slightly bow, hand over the pot with their right hand, and the next generation of crispy feet, take it with both hands, and lift each one to sniff and smell it, and then exchange it.

In the custom of the Mongolian people, riding a horse and cart to the herdsman's house as a guest. Close to the yurt, it is necessary to ride lightly and slowly, so as not to startle the herd, in the yurt before the horse whip and horse stick to be placed outside the door, such as brought into the package, it is regarded as disrespectful to the host. After leaving the yurt, don't get into the car and get on the horse immediately, but walk for a while, wait for the master to go back, and then get into the car and get on the horse. When you are a guest in the yurt, the host will bow down and serve milk tea, and the guest should bow down and take it with both hands. The northwest corner of the bag is the place for Buddha, and the feet should not be stretched to the northwest corner when sleeping. It is not appropriate to use a tobacco bag or finger. You are not allowed to touch the pots and pans with your feet, and you can't bake your feet on the fire, otherwise it is equal to insulting the God of Stove. Inside the yurt, if there is a patient, it will be on the left side of the package door tied a rope, the rope's head buried in the ground, said the master can not treat guests, visitors should not enter.

Customs of the year

The most important festivals of the Mongolian people to be counted in the New Year, generally into the 15th of Lunar New Year, people began to make preparations for the New Year. On the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, the whole family or friends get together to eat, drink and entertain the God of Fire.

From the 30th day of the Lunar New Year to the 5th day of the first month, it is the most joyful days of the New Year. After the night falls on the 30th day of the Lunar New Year, people gather in the oldest person's house to start the New Year's Eve "Nai Ri" (feast ......). >>

What are the unique festivals of the Mongols? There are more festivals of the Mongols, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Chung Yeung Festival, Mid-Yuan Festival, Naadam, Festival / E / Bo, Cheng / Gisi / Khan Memorial Festival, and so on.

First, Naadam

"Naadam" conference is a long history of traditional festivals in Mongolia, in the Mongolian people's material life occupies an important position. Every year, "Naadam" is held in July and August when the livestock are fat. It is a cultural, sports and recreational meeting for people to celebrate the harvest. "Naadamu", the meaning of the Mongolian language is entertainment or games. "Naadam" General Assembly on the thrilling and moving horse racing, wrestling, appreciated archery, there is a strong fight to win the game of chess, there are fascinating songs and dances. Before the General Assembly, men and women, young and old, riding in cars and horses, wearing festive costumes, despite the long distance, are to participate in the competition and visit. General Assembly is generally the first wrestling match, wrestlers feet on high boots, wearing wide satin wrestling pants underneath, wearing "Zhaodai/get/ge" (a leather shoulder), in the neck around the colorful ornaments "Jiang/go", imitating the ancient knights across the big step around the field. The horse race is also an important event in the festival. Horse racing is also one of the most important events at the festival. At the beginning of the race, the riders were lined up, all wearing colorful belts and scarves, overflowing with youthful energy. The starting point and end of the horse race inserted a variety of brightly colored flags, just wait for the horn to sound, the riders will have to fly on the saddle, whip horse, a red scarf flying, such as arrows / vectors / Qiqi / hair. The first to reach the finish line, become the most praised on the grassland athletes. The archery competition also attracts many herdsmen. Those who are highly skilled can hit a hundred shots, winning the applause of the audience. The "Naadam" conference is also a trade fair for agricultural and animal husbandry materials. In addition to industrial and agricultural by-products, there are national characteristics of food and drink, such as beef and mutton and its smoked dried products, cheese, dried milk, cream, milk lumps, milk tofu, yogurt.

Second, Horse Milk Festival

Mongolia's traditional festival to drink horse milk wine as the main content, so the name. Popular in Inner Mongolia Xilin Gol League and Ordos part of the pastoral area. Usually held in the second half of the eighth month of the lunar calendar, the date is not fixed, for one day. In order to celebrate the harvest, each other blessing, in addition to prepare enough horse milk wine, but also to "hand-picked meat" hospitality guests, and held horse racing activities, please folk singers sing toast to the old Mongolian doctor offerings and so on. It is rumored that the Naadam event that originated from this.

Third, burning / lamp / Festival

October 25 of the lunar calendar every year, to the nightfall, the family point / burning / ghee / oil / lamp to show the celebration. Today, most of the Mongols in Hebuk/Saier/Mongolian Autonomous County and Emin County do not burn lamps on the day of the festival; the Mongols in Wusu City do not burn lamps on the day of the festival, which is replaced by various forms of entertainment. Recreational activities traditional Mongolian recreational activities are horse racing, camel racing, wrestling, archery shooting, tug-of-war, folk singers playing and singing, horse-head qin playing "Jangal" singing, folk dances. The Turks and Mongols dance group dance, solo dance, men and women dance, and dance with the song, the dance is elegant and bold, showing the unique characteristics of the grassland nation.

Fourth, the New Year

Ancient Mongolians put the Lunar New Year Hei/En/Ji/er, that is, the New Year. The Mongolian people also called it the White Festival or White Moon, which is closely related to the whiteness of milk food. On the origin of the Mongolian Spring Festival said differently, one is according to the five / Shi / Da / Lai "black and white counting answer" book said: Genghis Khan in 1227 AD, take the capital of Western Xia, feast to celebrate the success, and this is the Mongolian calendar for the first year of the year, the star of the month so that the first month of the month to see the name. The month of Xingjiu is from December 16 to January 15 of the lunar calendar, which is one month different from the lunar calendar. And the Mongolian calendar which is continued in Ordos area is to remember the month by the sequence of white month, May, June and so on. In this way, the first day of the year in Mongolian calendar should be the fourth month of the lunar calendar. According to the historical records, since Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians accepted the Han calendar algorithm, therefore, the white month of Mongolians matches with the first month of Chinese New Year. This is the origin of the Mongolian Spring Festival. Toward the end of the year, every household, whether in farming or herding areas, sets up a lantern pole. On the 30th day of the new year, the courtyard should be cleaned and indoor hygiene should be improved. Before the Buddha to set up a small altar, put the boiled chunks of ...... >>

What are the Mongolian festivals? The "Naadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history of the Mongolian people, which occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people. Every year in July and August livestock season, held in the "Naadam" conference, is to celebrate the harvest and held in the physical recreation conference. "Naadamu", the meaning of the Mongolian language is entertainment or games. "Naadam" on the General Assembly has a thrilling *** horse racing, wrestling, archery is appreciated, there are strong fight chess, there are fascinating songs and dances. Horse racing is also one of the important activities of the General Assembly. At the beginning of the race, the riders were lined up, all wearing colorful belts and scarves, overflowing with youthful vitality. The starting point and end of the horse race inserted a variety of brightly colored flags, just wait for the horn to sound, the riders will have to fly on the saddle, whip horse, a red scarf flying, such as arrows. The first to reach the finish line, become the most acclaimed grassland athletes. Archery, wrestling and other competitions also attracted many herdsmen.

What are the special festivals of the Mongolian people? The main Mongolian festivals are Spring Festival, Sacrifice of Ob, Naadam Assembly, October 25th Festival of Lights, Genghis Khan Memorial Day and Luban Festival.

Dainian (Chinese New Year for Han Chinese) is the grandest traditional festival of the Mongolian people in Qinghai. Before the festival, men go out to buy new year's goods, women prepare food, and families are busy. At this time, if anyone's family is in trouble, people in the neighborhood will go to help and never stand by. On the 30th day of the New Year, people must go home, put on new clothes, offer sacrifices to heaven and earth, and then get together as a family to eat hand-held mutton, drink wine and eat dumplings. Early in the morning, men and women dressed up, the man first to his parents' home and the neighborhood of the oldest person's home to pay tribute to the New Year, after the New Year's greetings from house to house. Junior to the elders to pay homage to the New Year, to kowtow and dedication of the Hadar, the elders to receive the Hadar, the Hadar will turn around one by one back to the acceptance of the Hadar must touch the forehead, and then stood up. Elderly people are holding the hatha, congratulate each other. On the second day of the Lunar New Year, people do not go out at home. Since the third, men and women, young and old, pay their respects to each other, invite friends and neighbors to eat "New Year's tea". To guests with milk tea, wine and fried cakes, pastries, chowders, dumplings, etc., do not eat hand-meat. If the guest is full or intentionally excuses, not hand back the rice bowl, the host with a spoon to rice on. This is called the spoon rice, guests to this time, had to send the bowl out. Young people or peers so play with each other, interesting. The prairie on the big year, until the first month of the fifteenth to end.

"Festival of Russia Bo", generally in mid-July. It is the Mongolian herders annual grassland event. At the meeting, in addition to inviting the living Buddha, lama chanting sutras, sacrificing to the mountain gods, praying for the safety of people and animals, but also to carry out Qianma, wrestling, archery, singing and dancing and other recreational activities. In the past, the Mongolian people around the Qinghai Lake will also hold a grand "sea sacrifice" activities, at that time, to three animals (whole cattle, sheep, pigs) for the table, and then read the text of the sacrifice. After the ceremony, we scramble to cut the sacrificial beef and mutton, in order to get first, more for good luck, known as the "robbery feast". The meeting also held a horse race, shooting and other competitions.

Naadam Assembly

The Mongolian people to hold the "Naadam" day of the General Assembly as a grand festival, every year to hold a traditional Naadam Assembly, time is generally in the fall of the livestock fat. This is the people in order to celebrate the harvest and held in the cultural and sports entertainment conference. "Naadamu", the meaning of the Mongolian language is entertainment or games.

On this day, Mongolian men and women, young and old, dressed in festive costumes, riding in a car on horseback, to participate in or watch horse racing, wrestling, archery, singing and dancing and other activities. The Mongolian people in Liaoning, weekday wear with the Han Chinese, are uniforms and civilian clothes, to the "Naadam" or other festivals, is wearing Mongolian robes. Gong people like red, yellow, blue color attire, shoulder collar, front lapel set on the five-color strips, the waist tie a red and green silk cloth belt, the feet wear high boots. Belt usually hanging with a sheath knife, snuff box and fire scythe. The "Naadam" conference performs songs and dances in the national style. The Mongolian people are good at singing and dancing, and the Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County is known as the "hometown of folk songs", with hundreds of singers who can make up and sing. With a strong ethnic characteristics of the good to treasure, laughing Ka (comedy), Dai Ri Leqi (lip-synching), horse head qin playing and sabre dance, cup and bowl dance, etc., has been inherited. "Naadam" General Assembly is also agricultural and animal husbandry materials fair. In addition to industrial and agricultural by-products, there are national characteristics of food and drink, such as beef and mutton and its smoked dried products, cheese, dried milk, cream, milk lumps, milk tofu, yogurt. People can also drink milk tea with ghee in tea stalls and restaurants and eat "whole goat" delicacies. On weekdays, the Mongolian people living in Liaoning food to grain, vegetables, only in the "Naadam" such as festivals, you can eat Mongolia's rich traditional dishes.

Mongolian Genghis Khan Memorial Day

Genghis Khan was a great legend, there are many historical records and legends about his death, burial place, and the relocation of the coffin. Although today's Genghis Khan Mausoleum may not be the place where the great man was truly laid to rest due to the secret burial, for hundreds of years, the Mongols still regard it as the resting place of their holy lord. Whenever the lunar calendar March 17, Mongolia's many worshipers will be in a pious mood, and go out of their way to travel long distances to come. They came to the Genghis Khan Mausoleum, standing in front of the great man's tall statue, offering Shu Bai Ha bright candles fragrant incense cones milky ghee mellow horse milk wine and other offerings, remembering his great talent, send his endless thoughts. At this time, the entire mausoleum incense smoke, replete with a rich festive atmosphere. Genghis Khan Mausoleum is a sacred place in the hearts of Mongolians, the annual commemorative activities are also extraordinarily grand.

Luban Festival, Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, is a traditional festival of the Mongolian people around the western city, held every year on the second day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar, a one-day. The Mongolian people living here have learned the building techniques from other brotherly peoples. They built houses, not only chic, beautiful, and durable, quite popular ...... >>

What are the special festivals of the Mongolian people? The Naadam Conference is held once a year! Wrestling, horse racing, archery competitions!

What are the traditional festivals and customs of Mongolians? Transportation

The traditional transportation of the Mongolians are mainly two kinds of beasts of burden and vehicles. Horses and camels are the main beasts of burden, and the vehicles are lele carts.

Horse herding

Mongolians are known as horseback people. In ancient times, children and old men used horses to walk. Horse is not only the Mongolian transportation, but also an important part of Mongolian culture. Mongolians are familiar with the nature of the horse, and usually use the rough grazing horse. Mongolian horse is divided into several series, there are Uzhumqin horse, Shangduhe horse, Uttarakhand horse, three rivers horse, horqin horse and so on. [23]

Kublai hunting map [23]

The Inner Mongolian grassland is vast, rich pasture, very suitable for raising horses. Horses good sports, so the amount of food, stomach small digestive fast side of food defecation, most of the time a day to keep eating grass. Summer heat, mosquitoes, horses in the daytime to avoid mosquitoes, avoid the heat, so mainly at night to eat grass to catch fat. [23]

Mongolians have grown up on horseback since childhood, and the horse is the cradle of the Mongols. Mongolians believe that the horse is the world's most perfect and understanding livestock. Mongolian horses are strong, G tough, but very loyal to the master. Mongolians regard the horse as a herdsman's friend, the horse to the head for the honor, Mongolians are strictly prohibited to hit the horse's head, are not allowed to abuse the horse, not allowed to two people riding a horse, not allowed to ride a horse in the fall fattening period of the horse running wild so that the horse sweating. Horseman, rider to carry scraping horse sweat board, horse brush, at any time for the riding horse brush body, scraping horse sweat, for the horse to relax, relax muscles, eliminate fatigue, at the same time, this is also the owner of the horse and the proximity to enhance the feelings of the way. [23]

The horse has been y integrated into the spiritual world of Mongolians. The Mongolian people have many horse-themed hymns, fables, aphorisms, folklore, folk songs, music, art, sculptures, and countless others. Mongolians also have many horse-related festivals, such as: Horse Racing Festival, Pony Festival, Horse Milk Festival, Divine Horse Festival and so on. Genghis Khan Mausoleum on the Ordos Plateau, dedicated to a Genghis Khan's sacred horse Wendugan Chagan and two Genghis Khan's white stallion. [23]

In the modern period, the Mongolian horse in China, both in urban and pastoral areas, gradually lost its role in productive life and riding, and the number of Mongolian horses was rapidly decreasing. Mongolians realize that the Mongolian horse has become less and less, the community has begun to establish a variety of organizations about the Mongolian horse, the study of the Mongolian horse, rescue the Mongolian horse work is being carried out on the Inner Mongolian steppe. [23]

Camels

Camels are gentle, easy to tame, resistant to hunger and thirst, resistant to cold and heat, good trekking, able to carry weight. Both produce milk, meat, fleece, and can be used in service, a body with four uses, is not as good as other livestock. Western Inner Mongolia, a lot of camels, the Mongolian language, it is called "Temo", is an indispensable means of transportation for herders. Can ride, can carry goods. It is two or three meters tall, very long legs, take a step up to more than a meter away, can travel one or two hundred miles a day. Long-distance trekking is durable, and the negative gravity is quite large. Can carry two hundred kilograms of goods, equivalent to the weight of a stallion and two bullocks. Since ancient times, there is a "boat of the desert" reputation, is the main freight transportation in the desert area. In the desert area of western Inner Mongolia, a team of camels are often loaded here traveling. Exploration team to investigate the desert, sand team green desert, tourism team traveling in the desert, only camel is their faithful partner.

Lele car

Lele car

Lele car, the ancient name of the "windlass car", "Luo Luo car", "cattle car", etc., is the northern grasslands on the ancient means of transportation. The ancient transportation tools. This car body is small, but the wheels are tall, diameter are generally in one meter five six or so. Can be made entirely of birch or elm, without iron, simple structure, easy to manufacture and repair. The whole car is generally divided into two parts of the foot and the foot. The lower leg consists of wheels, spokes, axles. Wheel manufacturing is generally the first hardwood carving 12 rims, the 12 rims linked together to form a round wheel, supporting the wheel spokes generally have 36 or so. The upper foot consists of two carts and 10 carts. The length of the carriage is about 4 meters, and the middle is fixed with 10 car supports. A lele weighs about one hundred pounds or so, and can carry five or six hundred pounds to more than a thousand pounds.

Traditional Festivals

Spring Festival

The Mongolian people in China, like the Han people, take the Spring Festival as the last festival. They celebrate the Spring Festival with great pomp and circumstance. Before the year, they kill pigs and slaughter sheep, buy sugar and wine, and make all kinds of milk food. New Year's Day to clean the house, sticking New Year's paintings, firecrackers, burning incense, wearing new clothes, pay homage to each other, offer Hada, send gifts, but also the collective organization of recreational and sports activities. Some agricultural areas in the Lantern Festival will also perform play lights, playing swings, stilts and other programs. [24]

Ovoo Festival

Eldon thirteen Ovoo

is a grand festival of the Mongolian people. It is of Tibetan origin. Tibetan people often carved on the stone on the six words of truth, placed in the mountains and fields, passers-by towards here to throw stones, or piled up into a stone platform, gradually taller and taller, above inserted ...... >>

Mongolian festivals, what are they? Mongolian festivals are more, there are Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Chung Yeung Festival, Mid-Yuan Festival, Naadam, sacrifices / E / Bo, Cheng / Gisi / Khan Memorial Festival and so on.