Light industry in traditional industries

Light industry is mainly consumer goods industry, which is closely related to people's lives.

Light industry is compared with heavy industry, and the division of light and heavy industries is based on the use of products. According to its final use, the total social products can be divided into two categories: the first category is the means of production and the second category is the means of subsistence. At present, there is not a rigorous and unified concept of light industry in the world. In China, light industry is the general name of processing industry groups which mainly focus on production and living materials. It is a big category in the manufacturing structure and the product of classified management of departmental economy. When the manufacturing industry is classified by commodity use, not less than 75% of the products are used in households as consumer materials industries, and not less than 75% of the products are supplied to enterprises as production materials industries. The representatives of consumer goods industry are food industry, clothing industry and furniture industry. The representatives of the means of production industry are metallurgical industry, mechanical industry and chemical industry. In this sense, light industry is a consumer information industry.

Categories and characteristics of light industry

Light industry mainly refers to industries that provide consumer goods, and its raw materials and products mainly include: ① agricultural products as raw materials. Such as the textile and sewing of cotton, wool, hemp and silk, leather and its products, pulping and papermaking, food manufacturing and other industries; (2) Take non-agricultural products as raw materials. Such as daily metal, daily chemicals, daily glass, daily ceramics, chemical fiber and its fabrics, matches, household wood products and other industries. Light industrial products are mostly consumer goods, and some of them are used as raw materials and semi-finished products, such as chemical fiber, industrial cloth, paper, salt and so on.

1. Light industry is a multidisciplinary application industry. The technical basis of light industry is chemical technology, machining technology, electronic technology and bioengineering. The progress of various disciplines has opened up a new road for the development of light industry.

2. Light industry is an industry with small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body, not only in China, but also in most countries, and the number and output value of large, medium and small enterprises are the same.

The position of light industry in national economy

Light industry is a chain industry of agriculture and heavy chemical industry, and it is an important link in the great cycle of national economy. Light industry is an early mature industry in China. On the one hand, it has formed an effective supply capacity and a complete industrial chain that basically meets the market demand; On the other hand, it has a strong ability to adapt to the impact and test brought by market fluctuations. Light industry is an important industry that enriches people's material and cultural life, undertakes the important tasks of prospering the market, expanding employment and serving agriculture, countryside and farmers, and is an important part of our national economy. Light industry includes food, paper, household appliances, etc. 19, and 45 industries. It is an industrial combination group covering clothing, food, housing, transportation, use and entertainment. Light industry is an important support to promote regional economic development. At present, there are more than 150 characteristic regions and industrial clusters, with an annual output value of about 1.2 trillion yuan, accounting for about 16% of the total output value of light industry, which has become an important growth point to promote the development of light industry and local economy. After 20 years of reform and opening up, China's light industry has undergone fundamental changes. The export of light industrial products increased by a large margin. In197, the national light industrial export earned US$ 53.343 billion, which was 24 times higher than the US$ 265.438+1300 million in 1978. More and more light industrial products have entered supermarkets and shopping malls in developed countries.

In 2008, the added value of young industries reached 2,623.5 billion yuan, accounting for 20.3% of the national industrial added value and 8.7% of the GDP. The data shows that the total export of young industries in 2008 was 309.2 billion US dollars, accounting for 2 1.7% of the total national export, which was 3.4 times higher than that in 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 20.2%. In 2008, there were 20.42 million employees in light industrial enterprises above designated size, accounting for 25% of the total number of employees in industrial enterprises above designated size in China. Together with enterprises below the scale, the whole industry has absorbed more than 35 million people.

Development prospect of light industry

Looking forward to 2 1 century, light industry will face new opportunities and challenges.

Judging from the development in recent years, with the formation of the buyer's market, some industries have overcapacity and the competition in the domestic market is becoming increasingly fierce. Because of the rising labor cost, the difficulty in recruiting workers, the financing pressure of small enterprises is more obvious, and the rising comprehensive cost caused by the rising raw material prices makes it difficult for most light industrial enterprises to operate; World politics is complicated and changeable, economic growth slows down, the unemployment rate in major developed countries remains high, some developed countries are heavily in debt, the growth rate of international trade slows down, all kinds of risks faced by China's light industry exports increase obviously, and the foreign trade environment is more severe.

Therefore, we must rely on technological progress, promote technological innovation, accelerate the pace of structural adjustment, establish an open economic structure, create a new situation of international operation of light industry, build a cross-century modern light industry economic structure and production system from a high starting point, promote the transformation of traditional light industry into modern light industry, continuously improve the international competitiveness of China's light industry, and promote its sustained, rapid and healthy development.