Factors determining the existence of a constitutional monarchy in Britain

Economic basis Since the 15th century, capitalist relations of production developed in Britain (capitalist free and liberal political environment. In the process, the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy grew in strength, and they gradually demanded a change of their economically bound and politically marginalized status.) (The fundamental cause of the bourgeois revolution of 1640 was that the autocratic kingship hindered the development of capitalism, and the total outbreak of class conflicts manifested itself in the form of civil war.)

Political premise The outbreak of the English bourgeois revolution in 1640 The execution of King Charles I in 1649 The restoration of the Stuart dynasty in 1660 The coup d'état staged by the Whigs and the Tories in 1668 was known as the Glorious Revolution, and the most important result of this revolution was the establishment of a constitutional monarchy;

Historical traditions l The parliamentary origins of the medieval period; l The parliamentary system of the thirteenth century was basically The Magna Carta of Liberty puts forward the principle of "supremacy of law and limited royal power" l In the first half of the 14th century, the British Parliament was divided into the House of Lords and the House of Commons Unlimited royal power is terrible, from the Middle Ages onwards, the British aristocracy has a tradition of fighting against authoritarian kingship through Parliament, the signing of the Magna Carta of Liberty in 1215 established the "supremacy of law" and the "supremacy of law", and the "supremacy of law" is the most important principle of the British Parliament. The signing of the Magna Carta of Liberty in 1215 established the basic principles of "supremacy of the law" and "limited royal power", which became the basis of constitutional politics.

Theoretical basis The voice of the 17th century British Enlightenment thinkers then became the implementation of constitutional monarchy provides a theoretical basis Locke, Hobbes and other sovereignty in the people / denial of the divine right of kingship / advocate the separation of powers