This paper discusses the historical inevitability of implementing the system of regional ethnic autonomy in China.

China's traditional history and national conditions are that it has been a unified multi-ethnic country since ancient times.

The distribution characteristics of all ethnic groups are that large communities live and small communities live. This is a realistic national condition.

All ethnic groups have formed a national relationship of unity and struggle in the long-term struggle and life.

The practice of implementing the system of regional ethnic autonomy has produced four advantages: safeguarding national unity and national unity, helping people of all ethnic groups to be masters of their own affairs, promoting the prosperity and development of ethnic areas, and advancing the cause of socialist modernization.