The meaning of peer review system

In the field of science, peer review refers to the process of using the knowledge and wisdom of several peers (qualified people) to evaluate the potential value or existing value of scientific problems or scientific achievements according to certain evaluation criteria, and to judge the scientificity and feasibility of the methods to solve scientific problems. It is the basic method for the scientific community to evaluate scientific research projects and achievements, and it is also an important link in the scientific and democratic evaluation process of science fund projects.

At present, the discussion of peer review in domestic scientific circles is mostly in a narrow sense, that is, after the author submits a manuscript, the editor-in-chief or the editor-in-chief of a journal invites scholars with professional knowledge or attainments to comment on the academic and literary quality of the paper, make comments and judgments, and the editor-in-chief decides whether it is suitable for publication in this journal according to the evaluation results. General sci-tech journals invite 2-3 reviewers, but there are more. The evaluation results of these reviewers will directly affect the final evaluation made by the editor-in-chief on the evaluated articles. In addition, the generalized peer review is not limited to this, but also includes the evaluation of the dissemination and application effect of the article after publication by a special JournalClubs, and also includes the discussion of the evaluation opinions in the submission stage, which is particularly common in medical scientific journals. In recent years, public review initiated by emerging free journals or self-recommendation review adopted by some paper databases also belong to generalized peer review.