Main points of political common sense in senior high school

20 12 political high-frequency examination center for college entrance examination

First, the economic life part.

1, currency: function, exchange rate (calculation), inflation (price, calculation)

2. Price grid: value determines the price (calculation), supply and demand affect the price, the law of value and the influence of price changes.

3. Consumption:

(1) Factors affecting consumption

Objective factors: residents' income and price level (current income, future income expectation and income gap). The fundamental factor is the level of economic development; Subjective factors: consumer psychology

Be a rational consumer: ① Live within our means and consume moderately. 2 avoid blind obedience and rational consumption. ③ Environmental protection and green consumption. 4. Diligence and thrift, hard work.

(3) Factors affecting consumption structure: changes in economic development level and income. Engel's coefficient (calculation)

(4) the relationship between production and consumption

4. Enterprise: the operation and development of the company.

5. Laborers: the employment and rights of laborers.

6. Investment and financial management: investment income and risk (calculation of interest rate, stock and other income)

7. Distribution:

Various modes of distribution coexist, and the influence of income distribution on efficiency and fairness can improve efficiency and promote fairness.

The role of finance and taxation, and the adaptability of fiscal policy, monetary policy and economy.

8. Market economy

(1) market regulation and its disadvantages, market allocation of resources, market order, basic characteristics of socialist market economy,

macro-control

9. Scientific Outlook on Development, change the mode of economic growth and optimize the economic structure.

10, Opening to the outside world: the influence of economic globalization, opening to the outside world, and the strategy of combining "bringing in" with "going out"

Tips: 1. Pay attention to the contents related to the calculation questions (value and productivity, exchange rate, inflation, Engel coefficient, interest rate, stock, tax).

2. Pay attention to the requirements of various economic entities:

(1) Consumers: Establish a correct concept of consumption/Workers safeguard their rights and interests.

(2) Enterprise: Adhere to the unity of economic benefits and social benefits, and assume social responsibilities.

(3) The state (government) insists on improving the basic economic system, vigorously developing the productive forces → blessing and improving the distribution system to promote social equity → strengthening macro-control on the basis of market regulation → implementing Scientific Outlook on Development to promote sound and rapid economic development → improving the level of open economy.

Second, the political life part.

1. country: the nature of our country, the extensiveness and authenticity of people's democracy, and the relationship between democracy and dictatorship.

2. Citizens: the political rights and obligations of citizens, the principles to be followed in participating in political life, the advantages, limitations and scope of application of various election methods, the ways and significance of citizens' participation in democratic decision-making, the channels and significance of citizens' democratic supervision and how to exercise their supervisory power.

3. Government: purpose, principle (will and requirements), exercise of rights (from the perspective of administration according to law) and supervision (system and significance).

4. Political party: nature, status, purpose, ruling style and guiding ideology.

5. Functions of people's congresses and CPPCC, rights and obligations of people's deputies and CPPCC members.

6. International community: the constituent elements and basic rights of sovereign states, the role of international organizations, the purpose and role of the United Nations, international relations and their determinants, the basic goals, purposes and positions of China's foreign policy, the basic norms of foreign relations, China's peaceful development path, and the nature of international competition.

The practice of China's foreign policy fully shows that China is a positive factor and a firm force for maintaining world peace and stability, an important force for promoting world economic development, and plays an important and constructive role in international affairs.

Third, the part of cultural life.

1. Social function of culture: (total score+score) Pay special attention to the relationship between culture and political economy, and comprehensive national strength.

China's coping strategies: Cultural construction must be regarded as an important strategic task of socialist modernization, to stimulate the creative vitality of the whole nation's culture, to improve the country's cultural soft power, and to provide the correct direction guarantee, inexhaustible spiritual motivation and strong intellectual support for economic construction.

2. The influence of culture on people: performance, characteristics and functions.

3. Cultural diversity: reasons, attitudes, principles and significance of respect (what is the angle? Why? How's it going? )

4. Ways and means of cultural communication.

5. Cultural exchange: grasping the meaning from the perspective-why? Demand-how about it?

6. Cultural inheritance: the characteristics and influence of traditional culture, the relationship between inheritance and development, the attitude towards traditional culture (based on practice, inheriting and innovating) and the factors affecting cultural development (thought: what is it? Why? Is the batter out?)

Supplement: How to inherit and carry forward Chinese culture? Inherit the excellent traditional culture of the nation and always maintain the nationality of Chinese culture; Through cultural exchanges, learn from and absorb the achievements of outstanding cultural civilizations in the world, and constantly enhance the inclusiveness of Chinese culture; Promote cultural innovation and constantly enhance the times of Chinese culture.

7. Cultural innovation: the source and motivation of cultural innovation, cultural innovation and reference, integration, the direction of cultural innovation, and the significance of cultural innovation. (Angle: Relationship-What is it? It means-why? Ways and means)

8. Chinese culture and national spirit: characteristics, Chinese national spirit (what is it? Why? How's it going? )

9. Develop socialist culture with China characteristics,

(1) The influence of cultural market and media commercialization

(2) The requirement of developing popular culture is "from three angles: country, unit and individual".

(3) How to treat cultural backwardness and decadent culture?

(4) Promoting the great development and prosperity of socialist culture;

Adhere to the orientation of advanced culture, treat traditional culture and foreign culture correctly, build a socialist core value system, build a socialist spiritual civilization, and strengthen ideological and moral construction.

Part four: Life and philosophy.

First, dialectical materialism.

1, the principle of objectivity of nature and its methodological requirements

2. The dialectical relationship between matter and consciousness and its methodological requirements (pay attention to decomposition and utilization)

3. The dialectical relationship between objective laws and subjective initiative and its methodological requirements.

Second, dialectical materialism epistemology

1, the dialectical relationship between practice and cognition and its methodological requirements

2. Cognitive development theory (repetition and infinity of cognition)

Third, materialist dialectics.

1, look at the problem from the perspective of connection (universality, objectivity, diversity, relationship between whole and part, system optimization method)

2. Look at the problem from the perspective of development (the eternity, essence, direction, road and state of development).

3. Look at the problem from the viewpoint of unity of opposites (meaning of contradiction, basic attributes, universality, particularity, Pute relationship, principle of primary and secondary contradictions, principle of primary and secondary contradictions).

4. Dialectical negative view

5. Social function of innovation

Attention! ——————————————————— All of the above belong to dialectical materialism.

Fourth, historical materialism.

1, the dialectical relationship between social existence and social consciousness

2, the basic social contradiction movement (relationship, law)

3. People's views

4. Life values

5. The guiding role of values

6, value judgment and value choice (objective basis, social history)

7. How to realize the value of life (real value, objective conditions, fundamental conditions and subjective conditions of life)