What are the high-quality clear specifications and specific requirements for the planning of characteristic towns?

On the basis of coordinating industrial development, life and ecological protection, the planning of characteristic towns combines industrial management with urban management by using new technologies and new concepts, optimizes and promotes urban space, intensively uses urban land and carries out protective development of urban environment. This is a comprehensive plan with highly relevant elements. The key point is to deal with the relationship between the development of small towns and land use, industrial development, residential community construction, ecological environment protection and historical and cultural heritage.

(A) Multiple supervision, a "blueprint" in the end

In the implementation of traditional urban planning in China, due to the diversification of management subjects, there are certain differences in preparation, examination and approval departments and technical standards. As a comprehensive planning, the planning of characteristic towns has a high degree of relevance and must adhere to the "multi-regulation integration". That is to say, under the coordinated promotion of "information and business management, examination and approval, and post-approval supervision", based on the "integration of the two regulations" of the overall urban planning and the overall land use planning, the "three living spaces" of production, life and ecology will be coordinated, and the departments of housing construction, transportation, water conservancy and agriculture will be coordinated, and all kinds of control lines will be drawn together on a bottom map to form a seamless connection.

(B) people-oriented, serving people's livelihood

New urbanization is people-centered urbanization. It is not simply to build cities and houses, but to promote farmers to truly become citizens and enjoy the same infrastructure and public services as urban residents. Therefore, the planning of characteristic towns should be based on the various needs of residents. First, through perfect and humanized infrastructure and public service facilities planning, banks, shops, post offices, hospitals, schools, small leisure pieces, public toilets, automatic toll collection facilities, etc. To provide convenient services for residents; The second is to create a complete community space for residents, form a community life circle of 10- 15 minutes, realize effective linkage with the work area through public transportation, and form a reasonable employment radius; The third is to create diversified and decentralized leisure spaces for residents, including fitness parks, open-air camps and community activity centers.

(3) Respect the existing texture and keep the traditional memory.

In order not to fall into the embarrassing situation of "a thousand towns on one side", characteristic towns must find a breakthrough on the basis of their own development, realize planning innovation on the basis of respecting and adapting to the present situation and combining with the requirements of modern development, and at the same time keep a memory of the town's past emotionally. From July, 2065438 to July, 2007, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Notice on Several Issues Concerning Maintaining and Highlighting the Characteristics of Characteristic Towns, which clearly stated that the planning of characteristic towns should be organically combined with topography and landforms, integrated with natural elements such as mountains, lakes and fields, and highlight the beautiful landscape pattern and uneven skyline. It is necessary to respect the existing road network, spatial pattern and production and lifestyle, and on this basis, carefully solve the problems of imperfect functions and poor environment in the old streets; In terms of style, the newly-built area should continue the traditional style and reflect the regional characteristics, national characteristics and the style of the times.

(4) Inheriting history and culture and constantly innovating and developing.

After hundreds of years and thousands of years of development, the historical culture deposited is not only the cultural core of the town, but also the concentrated expression of its characteristics and spirit. In the past, in the process of "sports" urbanization in China, a large number of urban cultural relics were abandoned and high-rise buildings were occupied, which led to the gradual disappearance of the city's own characteristics and the "characteristics" could not be reflected. In the planning of characteristic towns, unique historical memory should be regarded as the core of shaping characteristics and cultivating spiritual identity, so as to realize the coordinated development of the two aspects:

The first is the coordination between historical and cultural protection and activation. The Notice on Several Issues about Maintaining and Highlighting the Characteristics of Characteristic Towns proposes that the planning and construction of characteristic towns should "protect the traditional pattern and historical features of towns, protect immovable cultural relics and repair historical buildings in time", and at the same time activate intangible cultural heritage, "fully tap and utilize the value of intangible cultural heritage, build a number of production, inheritance and exhibition sites, train a number of cultural inheritors and craftsmen, and avoid vulgarization and over-commercialization of intangible cultural heritage".

The second is the coordination between the preservation of traditional life imprint and the development of modernization. That is to say, on the basis of retaining some valuable buildings, space, environment and texture, combined with the needs of modern people, we will promote the modernization of facilities, humanization of planning, convenience of life, perfection of services and ecologicalization of ecological environment, and realize the perfect integration of tradition and modernity based on functional requirements.

(five) the integration of production and city, to achieve a balance between occupation and residence.

From the perspective of cities and towns, the integration of production and cities is an effective integration of industrial development and urban development, that is, taking the leading industry as the core and allocating relevant service packages according to its development needs and demographic characteristics; From the perspective of residents, it is to realize the integration of employment, residence and life, that is, to create a working and living space that is livable, suitable for business and suitable for travel. The integration of production and city includes the integration of five elements: industry, service, ecology, space and transportation.

Industrial elements are the core: industrial agglomeration development gathers population and builds the foundation of urbanization; People with different characteristics gathered in different industries have different needs for services, ecology, transportation and space, which determines the development direction and external presentation of the town;

Service element is guarantee: including productive service and life service. Producer service industry needs to be laid out around the needs of leading industries and core enterprises, and generally presents an aggregated layout. Life services include public services such as schools, hospitals and postal services, and urban commercial services such as banks, telecommunications and supermarkets. Generally speaking, their layout is multi-level, perfect, and based on the needs of urban permanent population and groups.

Ecological factors are the foundation: with the rapid development of modern service industry and smart industry, when the industry has gradually got rid of the restrictions of resources such as minerals and electricity, ecological factors have become an important factor driving industrial development and population gathering, especially for high-end people, and areas with beautiful ecological environment have great attraction. In addition to its own natural ecology such as environment and climate, ecological elements also include environmental protection, ecological green space system, cultural landscape and other acquired plans.

Spatial elements are carriers: space is an effective and reasonable arrangement among functions such as industry, residence and service. According to the requirements of leading industries for transportation, surrounding environment and related supporting industries, as well as the requirements of industrial population for housing and services, the corresponding spatial layout is carried out. On the other hand, a reasonable spatial layout will promote the development of the industry.

The traffic element is the skeleton: the productive traffic serving the industry determines the development space of the industry. The key is to form a convenient connection with external roads and to handle the relationship with urban life traffic. Life transportation should form a multi-level, three-dimensional and networked transportation layout to facilitate people's travel and advocate a green transportation and slow transportation system.