What are the characteristics of waste recycling model?

There are three main links in the recycling of e-waste: the innovation of each link of garbage collection, transportation and dismantling treatment may produce a unique business model. Similarly, the main bodies leading e-waste recycling are different, and the government, production enterprises and third-party professional institutions all operate in different recycling business models. Let's give a few examples from different subjects: government orientation: In fact, "trade-in" is a unique recycling business model in our country, which can not only stimulate domestic demand, but also protect the environment, and the policy is quite good. It works like this: the state first selects a group of qualified sellers and authorizes them to trade in old ones for new ones. Then, after consumers buy new household appliances at a certain price (the money for old household appliances is prepaid by the seller), the seller transports the goods to the processing factory, and the manufacturer pays the freight to the seller. After the delivery of used electrical appliances is completed, the seller will reimburse the government for the prepaid expenses together with the receipt from the processing factory and the bills issued to the consumers. The processing factory can also reimburse the government for prepaid freight and other expenses after processing. However, I have also seen other internal friends say that these wastes will be refurbished and then sold to third world countries. I think China was treated like this before.

Non-profit organizations are the main body: these organizations mainly refer to the associations formed spontaneously by production enterprises. The participation of such associations in the operation is very common in countries with earlier industrialization in Europe, among which the Netherlands is the most representative: the recycling of e-waste in the Netherlands is mainly completed by NVMP and ICT Milieu. Their members are all electronic manufacturing enterprises, which are responsible for IT and communication equipment and other equipment except IT communication. NVMP has the most recycling business. Sign commercial contracts with a certain number of recycling points, logistics providers (that is, transporters) and electronic waste treatment plants in various regions through bidding, and the recycling points, logistics providers and processors will perform their respective duties according to the contracts. When household or unit users generate e-waste, they can directly deliver it to any municipal recycling point, municipal recycling center or product supplier without paying any fees. All recycling outlets (including retailers) should unconditionally receive all kinds of electronic wastes, and send them to contracted processing plants through their own logistics systems or contracted logistics providers for harmless treatment and resource utilization in the processing plants.