What are the design techniques of Chinese garden landscaping?

Chinese garden to reproduce the natural landscape as the basic principle of design, the pursuit of harmony between architecture and nature, to achieve the effect of "unity of man and nature". However, it is not a simple imitation, but "in nature, above nature", the artificial beauty and natural beauty skillfully combined. The specific expression of this idea in the garden is "according to local conditions", "according to the mountain", good use of the existing natural environmental conditions, reflecting the artificial construction of the respect and use of nature. The "harmony of reality and emptiness" emphasizes the relationship between groups of buildings rather than individual buildings, which often makes the courtyards between buildings the focus of the design.

Chinese garden design techniques vary greatly, and here only talk about the Chinese gardening in the stacked mountains and water art. Stacked mountains and water in China's traditional gardening art is a very important position. Chinese garden regardless of the north and south, size, almost any garden, there must be rocks; similarly, where conditions are available, are bound to attract water into the garden. Different from the natural landscape, the landscape in the garden in addition to both the natural form of God, but also has the role of emotion. Garden Metallurgy" in the "piece of the mountain, inch of stone," is the meaning of this.

"Garden Metallurgy" decorated mountain chapter of the rocks are divided into several categories: a "hall mountain", as the name suggests, is in the front yard of the hall decorated with rocks. According to the "Garden Metallurgy" said, the hall mountain general to "a little exquisite stone", and should not be complex. That is to say, to be less precise, to highlight the focus, the theme, to one or two pieces of beautifully shaped stone peaks as the main body to embellish the garden space. Its modeling should be consistent with the aesthetic principles of penetration, leakage, thin, wrinkled. With today's eyes, "hall mountain" is closer to abstract sculpture. One is embedded in the wall wall rock, some embedded in the wall, some detached from the wall, but the effect is the same as the former, are powdered wall as a background, as if a landscape painting. As the "garden metallurgy" cloud: "by powder wall for paper, stone for painting also". The above two are applicable to the smaller scale of the garden space, and for some of the larger garden space, it is preferred to use large-scale mountain stacked stones. Rocky peaks and jagged rocks, gullies and ravines, veins and clear, deep forest wildlife.

In addition to the rocks can be used as the theme of the landscape embellished space, usually by the rocks of a single large space into a number of smaller space, the space is separated from each other, extending, penetration, and does not flow in the empty, monotonous. And rocks can also play the role of blocking the line of sight and enclosing space. Even the use of rocks can be stacked into various forms of stirrups, which is also a classical garden in the interest of a creation.

And rocks, water is also one of the basic elements of the garden. Garden water, from the layout can be divided into two forms of centralized and decentralized; from the mood is moving and static. Concentrated and static water used in small and medium-sized courtyard, which is characterized by: the entire garden to the pool as the center, along the pool around the ring of buildings, thus forming a centripetal, cohesive pattern. The use of this layout form can make the limited space has a cheerful feeling. For large and medium-sized courtyard, although it is also centralized water, but the pool is on the side of the courtyard, so that a large area can be freed up for stacking rocks, the formation of landscape pattern. And centralized water is the opposite of decentralized water, which is characterized by: with the method of zero to divide the water into a number of small pieces of interconnected. As for the shape of the pool, most of them are not planned to reproduce the natural water features. In the garden, the trickling stream is an artistic facsimile of the natural stream, it is generally avoided wide and narrow, avoid straight and curved, but also should be wide and narrow contrast, seeking change, resulting in suddenly open and closed, when the rhythm of the time to put. Especially with the combination of rocks, can create a deep and hidden interest.