What are the traditional festivals of Buyi people? What is the most important custom festival of Buyi people?

Introduction: Buyi nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China. Mostly distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places. Their livelihood is mainly agriculture, and they are a minority called "Mi". So do you know what are the traditional festivals of Buyi people? What are the most important customs and festivals of Buyi people? The following is my introduction to the Buyi people. Let's have a look.

What traditional festivals do Buyi people have?

Buyi nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China, which evolved from the ancient Liao people, and mainly focuses on agriculture. Buyi ancestors began to grow rice very early and enjoyed the title of "rice-growing nation". Buyi men like to wear double-breasted shirts, trousers and headscarves, while women wear right-breasted dresses, trousers or pleated skirts, silver bracelets, earrings and collars. Buyi people in China are mainly distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces, among which the Buyi people in Guizhou Province have the largest population.

In Buyi life, there are festivals almost every month for twelve months of the year. Besides the Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, the Dragon Boat Festival in May, the Mid-Autumn Festival in July and the Double Ninth Festival in September, there are other festivals with unique national characteristics, such as February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th and June 6th.

The most important custom festival of Buyi nationality

Sacrificial room for the elderly

The old people's house in Buyi village is the Zhai Shen house built at the highest place in Zhaili. Every year, on the first rabbit day in February of the lunar calendar, the whole village will offer sacrifices to the houses of the old people, praying for the safety of people and animals in the village, good weather and abundant crops. When offering sacrifices to the state of Qi, the elders of the two families who settled in this village first, or the venerable old people in the village, pretended to be village gods. During the festival, it is necessary to clean the nursing home and livestock pens, and each family should send a representative to attend and make sacrifices in the nursing home. There are many taboos when offering sacrifices, such as not allowing women to enter the old man's room; Men whose wives are pregnant are also not allowed to participate in sacrifices; Don't talk loudly; No outsiders are allowed to enter the village and so on. Violators will be fined and buy pigs and chickens for another sacrifice.

In some places, it is the Dragon Boat Festival on the second day of the second lunar month, that is, to worship lord protector and clan ancestors in the village. In the Woods near the village, the elder with the highest male surname in the village is the master. Please pray and sacrifice with pigs, chickens and all kinds of cooked vegetables and fruits.

March 3 rd festival

The third day of the third lunar month is the biggest traditional festival of Buyi people, and it is also a festival for Buyi people to worship social gods, mountain gods, sweep graves, worship ancestors and hold social activities. The content and emphasis of specific activities vary from place to place. In some places, besides offering sacrifices to the country and mountain gods, grave-sweeping is also the main way. In some places, ancestor worship is the mainstay; In some places, singing, wrestling and other recreational activities are the main activities. When Buyi people on both sides of the Duoyi River in Luoping celebrated "March 3", the most lively place was Sanjiangkou, which lasted for 3 to 5 days. Before the festival, the village was busy killing pigs and chickens, killing eggs and killing colors. Every household should prepare red, yellow, blue, purple and black flowers and rice, which symbolizes a colorful and happy life. On the festival day, the whole village goes to the river or the appointed dragon tree for sacrifice every year. Sanjiangkou is crowded with people, singing songs, competing on bamboo rafts, shooting water guns, blowing leaves and splashing holy water. Various activities are very lively, which is a good opportunity for young men and women to make friends and make love with songs. The festival "March 3" contains the meaning of welcoming the new farming season and praying for a bumper harvest.

April 8(th)

The eighth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of Buyi people-"Ox King Festival", also known as "Shepherd Festival" or "Seedling Opening Festival", which is related to farming activities. At this time, it is the beginning of the busy farming season. First of all, let the cows eat well and have a good rest. On this day, we should offer sacrifices to the "King of Cows" and comfort the cows. We should offer colored glutinous rice, wine and meat to the cows for sacrifice, wrap the glutinous rice in green grass and feed them, and let them have a rest for one day. In addition, some places also hold ancestor worship or entertainment activities.

June sixth

"June 6th" is a traditional festival of Buyi people, which has always been called "off-year". Due to different living areas, the dates of festivals are not uniform. In some areas, festivals are celebrated on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, while in others, they are celebrated on June 16th or 26th. When the festival comes, all villages should clean up and entertain relatives and friends. After killing chickens and pigs, make a pennant with white paper, dip it in chicken blood or pig blood, and insert it in the field to show the sacrifice to Tian Shen. Parents take their children to the fields to impart production knowledge and skills; Several venerable old people in the village will lead young adults to hold traditional activities of offering sacrifices to Pangu and sweeping the village to drive away ghosts. To hold a village meeting, the elders in the village should announce the village rules and regulations. In addition, there are various recreational activities such as "throwing flowers" during the festival.

Niuwang Festival

On the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, no matter how busy the farm work is, Buyi people should let the cows rest. Every household should cook "five-color" glutinous rice (colored with "dyed rice leaves"). After the glutinous rice is cooked, it is kneaded into a ball for the cows to show their hard work, and then people eat it. On this day, branches and leaves of Liquidambar formosana will be hung around the house. According to legend, crops can grow as lush as maple.

Chabai anniversary

Tea White Festival is a traditional festival of Buyi people in Chabaizhai, Xingyi County, Guizhou Province. It is held every year on June 22nd of the lunar calendar.

Guarantee symbol

Playing security symbol is a homonym of "playing leopard and tiger", which is a Buyi folk festival in Dushan and Libo, Guizhou Province, aiming at praying for the gods to stop locusts from eating crops. It is held on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month every year. It is said that this festival has a history of more than 200 years.

Xidijie

The local opera festival is a traditional festival of Buyi people in Huaxi, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province. It is held on the fifteenth day of the first month of each year. Huaxi Dance Drama began in the Daoguang period and was initiated by an Hebu (now Pingba) artist Long Defu. Performing on the fifteenth day of the first month every year, gradually forming a fixed festival. Local opera has no stage, actors stand on the ground to perform, and the audience watches from the surrounding heights, hence the name.

Donglangqiao Gehui

Donglangqiao Song Festival is a traditional Buyi festival in Huishui, Guizhou. It is held on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month every year. Nearly10,000 Buyi people from neighboring villages in Cunpi County came to the local Donglang River to sing and get together. This day is a great opportunity for young people to fall in love and seek lovers. After meeting, girls usually sing some enthusiastic songs of acquaintances, exchange names and addresses, then ask questions around funny songs (also called guessing songs) to find out each other, and then start singing hymns and hymns. If the girls find the right person through singing, they will be given zongzi and socks pads, and then the two of them will hide in a quiet place to talk about love.

Gan' gandong

The Cave Festival in Angang is a traditional Buyi festival in Qinglong County, Guizhou Province, which falls on the second day of Tomb-Sweeping Day every year. According to local legend, the dry cave in the southeast of Qinglong County was originally named Qingquan Cave, and the spring water is clear all the year round. At that time, awei, a young man from two local stockyards, fell in love with Ahua and often went out to sing at the edge of Qingquan Cave. Both parents thought they were sincere, agreed to their marriage and decided to get married in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Unexpectedly, the patriarch knew about it. He thought it was immoral to get married without a matchmaker, so he intervened. Wei Hua was very angry when she learned that, so she secretly came to Qingquan Cave on the night of Qingming Festival, took the cave as a medium, bowed down to heaven and earth, and married herself. The very next day, the patriarch brought someone to plead guilty, so MUGUR PETRU CIUBANCAN had to flee and be reincarnated in Qingquan Cave. The loyalty of two young people touched the god of Qingquan Cave. He drained the water from Qingquan Cave and made awei flowers fly away like a pair of golden thrushes. Since then, Qingquan Cave has dried up. MUGUR PETRU CIUBANCAN's deeds touched the young men and women in the nearby Buyi stockade. On the second day of Tomb-Sweeping Day every year, they will go to the dry cave to sing, play and fall in love. Now this festival has evolved into a large market.

Gannuomipo

The glutinous rice slope festival is a traditional folk festival for Buyi and Miao people in Danggu area, Huishui County, Guizhou Province. It is held on April 8 of the lunar calendar every year. On that day, people flocked to the local glutinous rice slope from all directions. The girls dressed in costumes, sang or danced, and the old people gathered at home to chat. The boys led the horses around the field for a week, then galloped back and forth on the glutinous rice slope, and at one time spectators gathered on both sides of the runway. The main activity at the slope meeting is duet, and many Miao youths nearby also come to participate in duet. Most of the songs are songs and hymns of acquaintances. Young men and women like each other and sing love songs, and then go to a secluded place to settle down for life. At night, every guest in the stockade on the slope was full, and everyone continued to drink and sing. It is said that the glutinous rice slope meeting has a history of more than 200 years. According to legend, Buyi women once dug wild vegetables on the slope, singing about the poverty of life and the cruelty of ethics, and brought glutinous rice for lunch. Later generations heard this song and sang it, thus forming this festival. Miao people have a legend that their ancestors moved here because they couldn't stand the oppression of the toast, and also brought the custom of "April 8" here, so this festival is celebrated every year.

Gan Xiaochong Bridge Festival

Bug-catching Bridge Festival is a traditional Buyi song festival in Changshun County, Guizhou Province. It is held on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month every year and lasts for three days. During the festival, dozens of young Buyi people in Fiona Fang gathered on the local Bug Bridge to sing freely. Tell your heart through singing and pass on your affection. People who love each other will form lifelong partners.