Brief introduction of Lu Xun's former residence Where is Lu Xun's former residence in Shaoxing?

Brief introduction of Lu Xun's former residence Where is Lu Xun's former residence in Shaoxing?

Lead: Shaoxing Lu Xun's former residence is located in Xintaimen, Dongchangfangkou, Shaoxing, Zhejiang. The ancestral home was built in1810 ~1813, and was originally the early residence of Lu Xun's family. People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, and Lu Xun Memorial Hall was established after renovation. 1988, the State Council was declared as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Lu Xun spent his childhood and adolescence here until 1899 when he went out to study. From 19 10 to 19 12, Lu Xun returned to his hometown to teach. From 19 12 to 19 19, Lu Xun also returned to his hometown several times to live here. The following is a brief introduction of Luxun's former residence in Shaoxing that I carefully collected.

Brief introduction of former residence

Lu Xun's former residence was announced at Zhoujiaxintaimen, Dongchangfangkou 19 (now No.2 Lu Xun Road), Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, in June 1988+ 10/3.

The brand-new platform door where Lu Xun's former residence is located was built at the beginning of19th century. The former residence used to have two entrances, but the front entrance is not what it used to be. The three bungalows of the Zhou family have been demolished. Behind, there are five two-story buildings. In front of the small hall downstairs in the east, it is a place to eat and receive guests. The second half is Lu Xun's mother's room, and the first half downstairs in the west is Lu Xun's grandmother's bedroom. Xici is the room where Lu Xun was born. There is a patio behind the building, which is a kitchen and three bungalows, where sundries are piled up. Lu Xun spent his childhood and adolescence here until 1899 when he went out to study. From 19 10 to 19 12, Lu Xun returned to his hometown to teach. From 19 12 to 19 19, Lu Xun also returned to his hometown several times to live here.

The back garden of Lu Xun's former residence is Baicao Garden, which used to be the vegetable garden of Zhoujia and nearby houses, covering an area of nearly 2,000 square meters. Lu Xun used to shoot birds here when he was a child. Shaoxing Dongchangfangkou 1 1 (now Luxun Road 198) was the private school of Santan Yingyue, where Luxun studied from 12 to 17. Lu Xun's former residence has been restored after several repairs.

Main attraction

Laotaimen

At the east end of the exhibition hall of the newly-built Lu Xun Memorial Hall is the ancestral home of Lu Xun-Zhoujia Laotaimen, which faces south, facing the east Changfangkou in front, then the Xianhuan River, the Daijiataimen in the west, and facing the three pools across the river to reflect the moon. Laotaimen, covering an area of 3,087 square meters, is a typical feudal scholar-bureaucrat residence with blue tiles and white walls and brick-wood structure. Its main building is divided into four entrances, the first entrance is commonly known as "Taimen", and a plaque of "Hanlin" with gold on a blue background is hung above the instrument door. Zhou Fuqing, Lu Xun's grandfather, was appointed as an academician during the Tongzhi period, which was a great honor for the Zhou family. Therefore, the Hanlin plaque hung on the instrument door of Zhou's three tables, as if it were three huge business cards, showing the identity of the owner. On both sides of the plaque, there is a line of mud characters: "The governor of Zhejiang and other places is also in charge of military affairs, land and water towns, Yang Changjun is also in charge of salt affairs in Zhejiang" and "Zhou Fuqing in imperial academy, Jishi Shu".

The second entrance is the hall, commonly known as the "front of the hall", which is a public activity place for Zhou clan people to celebrate, pray and feast guests. There is a large plaque of "Deshoutang" hanging directly above the main hall, and there are a pair of couplets in black characters on both sides of the column:

The moral integrity is detailed and clear, and the virtue is firm;

Be rational and peaceful.

The third entrance is in front of the incense hall, where ancestors are sacrificed and funerals are handled. Confucianism is based on filial piety. On holidays, ancestral statues of ancestors and ancestors are hung in the hall, memorial tablets are placed, and five objects (candles, incense burners and the like) are set up to offer sacrifices. The Zhou family, old and young, will kowtow, offer incense, give gifts and show filial piety within five generations.

The fourth entrance is a building, also called a building, which is used for living. From the first entrance to the fourth entrance, there are symmetrical side rooms and buildings, and there are corridors between the rooms, which can shelter from the sun and rain. The patios on both sides are decorated with rockeries, stone pools and other small scenes, which are elegant but not vulgar. The layout of the old platform doors in Zhou Jia is meticulous and rigorous, with Shaoxing local characteristics. From a distance, white walls and tiles are black and white and full of charm.

In the 19th year of Qing Qianlong, Zhou, the seventh ancestor of Zhou family, bought Zhao Zhai of Shaoxing Banpen Bridge. After a large-scale renovation, it became a large-scale platform door building, which is the old platform door in Zhou Jia. From then on, the Zhou family of Banpenqiao lived in groups in Laotaimen.

It is recorded in the obscure Lu Xun Family History: "When Banpenqiao House was the richest, there were more than 3,000 mu of land in Sanpaimen, and there were several pawns." In fact, the land attributes of old terraced doors and houses are not limited to this figure. Although influenced by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolutionary movement, houses are still very rich. But in the 10 generation, there were no sons, so according to the family rule of "small but long", I asked Zhifang for one and inherited it. This is the younger brother of Lu Xun's great-grandfather, and later he was collectively called "the fifteenth grandfather". Among the Zhou family in Banpenqiao, Fang is the only one who passed it alone, so his assets are relatively concentrated and he is the richest. That room is specially called "Hutchison Whampoa" because where used to run business. Although Lu Xun's family is far from Laotaimen's family, they are very close in origin. After Lu Xun's grandfather Zhou was released from prison, he often went to Laotaimen to chat with his relatives.

For a long time, the old platform door of Zhou's family lived in Zhou's house and was well preserved. After the founding of New China, the old platform doors were purchased by the state and repaired at the expense of the state. It has been used by Shaoxing Library, Folk Museum and Cultural Relics Management Office. The old stage gate has now returned to its old appearance. The display inside is based on the architectural pattern of the old stage gate of the Zhou family, with the face of the Zhou family in its heyday as the background, and the real-life layout is integrated with the sexual scenes of representatives of other big families, which fully shows the life scenes of Shaoxing big families in the Qing Dynasty to tourists.

Three-dimensional Wu Shu

Shoujiataimen is the residence of Mr. Shou Jason Wu, Mr. Lu Xun's teacher. Shou (1849- 1930) is a learned man. He has a good character and is honest and frank. He hated fame all his life. He stopped taking the exam after he was admitted as a scholar. His occupation is to sit in the library and teach students all his life. Lu Xun praised him as "a founder, simple and knowledgeable person in this city". Shoujiataimen was purchased by Shou's grandfather Feng Langong during Jiaqing period, with a total construction area of 795 square meters. It faces a small river, connected by a stone bridge, and there is a bamboo garden in the west. The whole building faces Zhoujiataimen across the river, and the world-famous three pools reflecting the moon are in the east wing of Shoujiataimen.

At the first entrance, the entrance of Taiwan Province Gate, a plaque of "Wen Kui" hangs above the hidden door. This plaque was hung by Shouzi, a scholar in the second year of Guangxu (1876) and the younger brother of Lu Xun's teacher Shou. This plaque is used to brighten the lintel, indicating that the Shoujia family is a juren and a scholarly family.

On the west side of the first entrance, opposite the patio, there is a small bamboo garden. The north wing of the bamboo garden is decorated as "Sanyu Bookstore", which is the original name of Sanyu Bookstore, and the layout of Sanyu Bookstore is modeled after "Sanyan Yinyue". Visitors can sit in this simulated bookstore and experience the life of private schools or take photos.

The second entrance is called the gathering place in front of the lobby. Every ancestor died, and the distinguished guests came here. There is a plaque of "Sirentang" hanging on his forehead. On the pillar of the hall, there is a couplet carved with light green wood, which reads: "Celebrate Mount Tai and Qiao Yue, let your heart flow". On the golden pillar behind, there is a praise for Lu Xun's schoolmate Shou's virtue and speech: "Virtue sees virtue, and proverbs are virtuous."

Through the patio, that is, the third floor, here is the original exhibition hall, study and Mr. Shou's bedroom.

In front of the small hall is a place to receive friends and relatives. On the forehead of the retreat screen, there is a plaque of "revisiting the dish water". This plaque was given by Shoushou's nephew Shoushou to celebrate his 60th birthday, that is, 1928, the year before his death. Mr. Lu Xun is full of sincere love and respect for Mr. Shou and has been writing to Mr. Shou since he left Shaoxing. 1906, Lu Xun returned to Shaoxing to meet his teacher and tell him what he saw and heard outside. At that time, Mr. Shou Jason Wu received him here.

Mr. Shou's study is a typical study layout of a teacher's home, equipped with special bookcases, ordinary bookcases and stationery for the study of Twenty-four History. The plaque of "Sanyuzhai" is hung on the forehead of the room. The meaning of "Sanyuzhai" is taken from Pei Songzhi's note in "The History of the Three Kingdoms", that is, Dong Yu said that "Sanyuzhai should be used when reading, and winter will come at night, and rain will clear up." This means that people should study hard in all their spare time.

In Mr. Shou's bedroom, there are shelf beds, wardrobes, boxes, wooden recliners, clothes hangers, washstands and other items. Because Mr. Shou Jason Wu's teaching is very strict, he only accepts eight students every year, thinking that he can't teach too much, so his teaching income is very limited. Therefore, the bedroom decoration we saw exceeded the actual living conditions of Mr. Shou Jason Wu at that time, but he actually lived a more frugal and simple life.

From the third entrance to the east, it is the east wing of Shoujiataimen, which is divided into south and north parts. The South Wing now displays the ancient educational history of Shaoxing, a famous historical and cultural city, which is divided into three parts: Yuezhongfu School, Yue Zhong Academy and Yue Zhong School. The northern wing is San Tan Ying Yue, which is Mr. Lu Xun's reading room.

Lu Xun wrote in his famous essay "From Baicao Garden to San Tan Yin Yue": "My husband's home is a little more than half a mile east from the door, separated by a stone bridge. Go through a black bamboo door, and the third room is the study. There is a flat road hanging in the middle: three pools reflecting the moon; "San Tan Yin Yue was a prestigious private school in Shaoxing at that time. Mr. Lu Xun/KLOC-started studying here at the age of 0/2, which lasted about five years.

Covering an area of about 35 square meters, there is a plaque inscribed by Liang, a famous calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. "Three flavors" are: reading classics tastes like rice, reading history tastes like vegetables, and a hundred schools of thought contend like sugar. There is a photo of a deer song hanging under the plaque. Before reading, students should pay tribute to the plaque and Luming Literature's photo. On the pillars on both sides, there are a pair of hugs: "I silently honor my younger brother, and Taitang is a poetry book." The wooden square table and high-backed chair in the center of the library are the teacher's platform. The chairs on both sides are for tourists to rest, and the seats next to them are for students.

Lu Xun's seat used to be under the south wall of the library. Because others often walk in and out of the backyard, which affects his study, he asked the teacher to change his position and move his seat to the northeast corner. Lu Xun used a hardwood desk with two drawers. On the right side of the desk is the word "made" one inch square, which was carved by Lu Xun that year. Once, Lu Xun was severely criticized by his teacher for being late for some reason, so he carved the word "early" to encourage himself.

Lu Xun has a strong thirst for knowledge. In addition to studying the Four Books, Five Classics, Tang Poetry, Ci of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, he also found many extra-curricular books to read, such as Erya Yintu, Qiuci Draft, Academy of Poetry and Painting, A Dream of Red Mansions, Water Margin and Scholars. Lu Xun benefited a lot from his schooling career. Lu Xun accumulated rich cultural knowledge here, which laid a very solid foundation for his later literary creation.

There is a small garden behind Santan reflecting the moon, which is only two feet from north to south and more than a foot from east to west. There is an autographed "Ziyi" plaque on the back wall, and there is a four-character poem written by Shou Yunchao, the father of Shou, on the powder wall outside the pavilion: "Plant flowers for one year and look at them for ten days. Pearl is full of spring, how can it not be lost? Peter is a teacher and has a strong sense of presence. I would like to go to the green chapter and sift in the forest. " There are osmanthus trees and wintersweet tree in the park. When Lu Xun was studying in San Tan Yin Yue, he often came to the small garden to play with his classmates. They are catching crickets, looking for cicadas and watching ants catch flies in this field in Xiaotian.

Mr. Lu Xun once said: "I read the book of Confucius and Mencius the earliest and the most familiar, but it seems to have nothing to do with me." However, in spite of this, Lu Xun still left a very deep memory of the three pools printing the moon, and gave a vivid and detailed description of it in the article "From Baicaoyuan to the Three Pools Printing the Moon".

It has a history of more than a century, but it is well preserved. Houses, tables and chairs, plaques, couplets, etc. Most of them are original works of that year. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Sun Shoujiming, the descendant of the owner of Santan Yinyue, gave it to the country. As a national key cultural relic, Santan Yinyue has been properly protected and has become an important opening place for Lu Xun Memorial Hall.

Xintaimen

Due to the continuous reproduction of the Zhou family in Banpenqiao, the number of teeth has increased sharply, and the old concierge is no longer enough.

During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the Zhou family bought a house in the south and west of the old platform door, called the bridge platform door and the new platform door.

Located on the west side of Dongchangfangkou, the new platform gate is a large-scale platform gate building, and its scale and structure are basically the same as those of the old platform gate. It faces south, with blue tiles and white walls, brick and wood structure, and there are more than 80 large and small houses, including the Baicaoyuan in the back, covering an area of more than 4,000 square meters. At that time, the six clansmen of Zhou lived in the Banpen Bridge of Xintaimen, and Lu Xun's former residence was in the west of Xintaimen. Lu Xun spent his childhood and adolescence in Zhoujiaxintaimen, leaving many intriguing traces for people.

The two Blackstone storefronts facing the street in Lu Xun's former residence used to be the side doors of Zhoujia Xintaimen, where Lu Xun's family went in and out. Entering from the black platform door and passing through the small courtyard, it is a muddy platform concierge. It used to be the place where Lu Xun's family put their cars. Sedan chairs and paddles were displayed here, among which the sedan chair poles were the original objects of Lu Xun's family. Entering from the side door of Taimendou, there is a well, which is also a relic of that year. Go through this corridor, and you'll arrive at Guihua Tang Ming. Tang Ming, commonly known as patio, was originally planted with two lush Jingui plants, hence the name osmanthus Tang Ming. When Lu Xun was a child, he used to lie on a small board table under a laurel tree in summer to enjoy the cool, and listen to his stepUbagae give him puzzles and tell stories.

After the osmanthus hall, I came to Lu Xun's bedroom. 1in the summer of 909, Lu Xun returned from studying in Japan and taught in Hangzhou and Zhejiang Normal School successively. During the Revolution of 1911, he returned to his hometown and taught in Shaoxing Middle School and Shanhui Primary Normal School. This is his bedroom and study when he was teaching in Shao. Lu Xun often prepares lessons and writes late into the night here. His first China classic novel Homesickness was written here. An iron pear wooden bed displayed in the bedroom is an original work that Lu Xun slept in that year.

Through the patio, the well-preserved former residence of Lu Xun has two floors and two floors. The first half of the east end is the living room, commonly known as "the front of the small hall", which is the place where Lu Xun's family eats and receives guests. During his teaching in Shao, Lu Xun often received visiting friends and students here. In addition to tables and chairs, there is also a leather lounge chair in the front room of the small hall, which was the original thing that Lu Xun's father Zhou Boyi used to rest when he was ill. Zhou Boyi (1861-1896), whose real name is Feng Yi, was born as a scholar, and has been living at home because of his repeated failures. He is open-minded and a sympathizer of the Westernization Movement. After Zhou Fuqing, Lu Xun's grandfather, cheated in the imperial examination, Zhou Boyi was deprived of his scholar status and was very sad. He used to drown his sorrows by drinking, but later he was plagued by illness and mistaken by quacks. He died at the age of 36.

The bedroom of Lu Rui, Lu Xun's mother, is separated by boards in front of and behind the small hall. Lu Xun's mother Lu Rui (1858— 1943) was born in Qiaotou, Shaoxing. She is kind and determined, and she couldn't read before, but "she learned to read by herself." There is a big bed in the south of the bedroom, which is what Lu Rui used to sleep in. Lu Rui's birthday cards, scissors, rulers, powder bags, irons, thread boards and other embroidery items are displayed on the table near the north window. One of the socks was sewed by her own hands for the worker Wang.

The western half is the bedroom of Lu Xun's stepdaughter Jiang. After her grandmother Jiang (1842— 19 10), she was born in Luxi, Shaoxing. Jiang is very humorous, and my grandnephew likes to chat with her. Jiang often tells young Lu Xun folk stories and legends such as "the cat is the master of the tiger" and "the water overflows the golden mountain", which left a deep impression on Lu Xun. Later, Lu Xun had vivid memories in articles such as Dog, Cat and Mouse and On the Collapse of Leifeng Tower.

Behind Jiang's bedroom is an aisle with stairs to go up.

The first room upstairs is the bedroom of Lu Xun's original wife, Zhu An. Zhu An, Ding Shi, Shaoxing (1878— 1947). She is an old-fashioned woman, foot-binding and feudal, which is far from Lu Xun's thoughts, tastes and cultural hobbies. 1in the summer of 906, Lu Xun, who was studying in Japan, was ordered by his mother to return to Shao to get married. Lu Xun had no love for Zhu An. He said, "This is a gift from my mother. I can only support her well. Love is something I don't know. " A few days after his marriage, he returned to Tokyo, Japan. From then on, Lu Xun and Zhu An became nominal husband and wife all their lives and became victims of the feudal marriage system. Since Zhu An married Zhou Jia, she has been living with Lu Xun's mother and serving her mother-in-law all her life.

Through the long alley on the west side of the former residence, I came to the kitchen. There is a big three-eye cooker for a big family in the kitchen, and cooking utensils such as square tables are also on display. There is a big bamboo dish cover hanging on the wall, which was made by Zhang Fuqing for the Zhou family in the "busy farming month" of that year. Zhang Fuqing, a native of Du Pu Village, Shangyu, Zhejiang Province, is not only a farmer, but also a bamboo craftsman. He often comes to Zhou's house for several months, such as farming, drying grain, repairing bamboo furniture and so on. He once made some bamboo toys for young Lu Xun, and Lu Xun liked them very much. When the work is too busy, I bring my son Zhang to help. Zhang and Lu Xun are about the same age. He has a purple round face, a small felt hat and a bright silver collar around his neck. It was in this kitchen that Lu Xun met him for the first time and became good friends. Carrying water taught Lu Xun how to catch birds, and told the story of taking care of watermelons and stabbing them in the sand by the sea with a fork. It was carrying water that made Lu Xun know a strange world that could not be seen in books. 192 1 year, when Lu Xun wrote the famous novel Hometown, he took Shuiyun as the prototype and created a vivid artistic image of "moistening the soil".

There are three small rooms in the north end of the kitchen, which were restored after careful textual research when 198 1 commemorated Lu Xun's centenary birthday. At that time, Zhang Fuqing worked and lived here, and the East Room was his residence. There is a storage room in the west, where rice, tractors, windmills, bamboo poles, hoes and other agricultural tools are stored. The middle room is an aisle with a door leading to the herb garden.

At the end of 19 18, it was decided to sell the whole new platform door and the herb garden behind it to Zhu in the east. After buying a new platform door, Zhu made great efforts to build the new platform door together with his original residence, changed the original structure, demolished it and rebuilt it. Therefore, most of the houses in Xintaimen are beyond recognition. Fortunately, the main building of Lu Xun's former residence, located to the west of the original Taimen, has not been rebuilt, but has been well preserved. From June 5438 to 10, 2003, the reconstruction part of the new platform door was restored and displayed, and the quaint deep house compound of Zhoujiaxin platform door was displayed in front of people.

The restored Zhoujiaxin platform door is divided into three entrances, which are composed of platform door bucket, hall, incense hall, side compartment and miscellaneous house. A plaque of "Hanlin" written by Lu Xun's grandfather Zhou Fuqing hangs directly above the hidden door of the platform door. The second entrance of Deshoutang is the hall between the third opening and the third opening. It is a place where all the clansmen in Xintaimen hold celebrations, pray for blessings, entertain guests and other activities. Just above the hall, a large plaque of "Deshoutang" was hung as high as the gate of Zhoujia. Under the plaque, there is a lobby map of "Song He Tu", and a couplet reads: "The goods are detailed, the virtue is firm, and peace is managed." On the pillars on both sides, there are two couplets: "Virtual energy leads to stillness and gives birth to enlightenment, looking up at the past and overlooking the present." "Be determined but not violent, be sensitive and cautious." There are mahogany inlaid marble "hanging screens" on the east and west sides. The third entrance of "Xiangtang" is an auxiliary exhibition, which is divided into three parts. The first part is "The Rise and Fall of Zhou Family". Through a large number of objects and photos, the exhibition shows the family history of the Zhou family in Shaoxing (Lu Xun), reveals the development, growth, evolution and decline of the Zhou family in Shaoxing, and focuses on the life stories of Lu Xun's grandfather Zhou Fuqing, Ubagae, father, mother and wife Zhu An, and their profound influence on Lu Xun's life. The second part "Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren" and the third part "Lu Xun and Zhou" also show the relationship between Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren and Zhou with pictures as the main display mode, supplemented by physical objects. Zhou Zuoren partly highlighted his relationship with Lu Xun during his study in Japan and his achievements in the May 4th New Literature Movement. The week focuses on Lu Xun's care and cultivation, and the process of his becoming a democratic revolutionary.

Baicao garden

Mr. Lu Xun once recalled: "There is a big garden behind my house, which is called Herb Garden according to legend. ..... It seems that there are only some weeds; But it was my paradise at that time. "

Although the name of White Grass Garden is elegant, it is actually just an ordinary vegetable garden. It is owned by the Zhou clan in Xintaimen, covering an area of nearly 2,000 square meters. Plant some melons and vegetables at ordinary times and use them to dry rice after autumn. When he was a child, Lu Xun often came to the Herb Garden to play with his friends, catching crickets, playing with Mylabris, picking mulberries, raspberries and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Enjoy the cool in summer and catch birds in the snow in winter. Lu Xun vividly described the details of the Herbal Garden in the article "From Herbal Garden to San Tan Yin Yue": "Needless to say, there are green vegetable fields, smooth stone well fences, tall acacia trees and purple mulberries; Needless to say, cicadas are singing in the leaves, fat wasps are squatting on cauliflower, and the swift call to the son of heaven (lark) suddenly rushes to the sky from the grass. Just around the short mud wall, it has unlimited interest. Oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here. ……"

When Lu Xun 12 years old, his family sent him to San Tan Ying Yue to study. He is very attached to his paradise. He said: "I don't know why my family sent me to the bookstore. It is called the strictest bookstore in the city." Maybe it's Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The mud wall that has been destroyed may be because the brick was thrown on the partition wall of Liang's house, or because he jumped off the wall of Shijing, and ... there is no way to know. All in all: I won't go to the Herb Garden often. Ed, my cricket! Ed, my raspberries and Manglietia! ……"

Data flow information

Lu Xun's hometown scenic spot, located in the center of Shaoxing (the intersection of Lu Xun Road and Yan 'an Road), is the best preserved historical scenic spot in the city. As the main window of Shaoxing's foreign cultural propaganda, Lu Xun's hometown attracts tourists from all over the world with its unique cultural connotation and foundation. The traffic to Lu Xun's hometown scenic spot is very convenient. There are several buses from all over the country to Shaoxing every day. Express buses in Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai run for 20 minutes, 40 minutes and 50 minutes respectively; Taxis and human tricycles are the main means of transportation in urban areas; In addition, in the scenic area, you can also visit various scenic spots by Wu Peng boat, which is unique to Shaoxing.