What's the play in Shandong?

Question 1: What is the name of the play sung in Shandong? Liu Zi Opera is a local opera with Heze, Jining and Xuzhou as the center, which is popular in more than 30 counties at the junction of Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, Anhui and Hebei provinces. Also known as Heizi Opera, it is called "Fur Wo Wo", "Hundred Tunes" and "Blowing Tunes to the North of the Yellow River", which is one of the ancient tunes of China Opera. In the history of China opera, "Liu Dong", once called "Liu Dong, Xibang, Nankun and Yi Bei", is Liu Zi in Lu opera.

Liu Zi Opera is based on folk songs spread in the Central Plains since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and gradually evolved by absorbing some repertoires and vocals of Gao Qiang, Qingyang, Luantan, Kunqu Opera, Luo Luo and Pi Huang. Because there is a Liu Zi tune in the Qupai, it is called Liu Zi Opera. This drama, together with Big Black Boy Drama, Luozi Drama and Xi Juan Drama, originated from the same source and influenced each other. Musical instruments are mainly composed of three strings, supplemented by sheng and flute, all of which belong to the string-string sound cavity system.

Liu Zi opera has a history of nearly 500 years, with more than 200 traditional repertoires and more than 600 musical aria. The modes are divided into Yuediao, Pingdiao, Downward, Erbadiao, Anti-Gongsi and Tone sandhi. Generally, the first four modes are dominant. The main accompaniment instruments are, Sheng and Xiao Sanxian, commonly known as the three major pieces. The lyrics are mainly long and short sentences, and they are sung alternately in the form of "preface" (Qi Yan style), which is endless and colorful. Because of the variety of palace tunes, beautiful music, elegant and simple singing, fresh and mellow, it is known as "nine tunes, eighteen tunes and seventy-two coughs" and "hundred tunes". In addition, all walks of life have a unique performing art style, so they can vividly show all kinds of characters with different personalities on the opera stage.

On May 20th, 2006, Liu Zi Opera was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Question 2: What is Lu Opera? Lu Opera is a local opera in Shandong Province-Zaobang, which is popular in eastern Heze and parts of Hebei and Henan. Shangdang Bangzi in Shanxi was introduced into Shandong around 1880, influenced by the local dialect. It used to be called "local ●", which means local Shanxi Bangzi. "●" sounds "jujube", hence the name. The local drama of Shandong, Gong and Drum, was popular in Linyi and tengxian in Shandong in the late Qing Dynasty, and occasionally sang in Zouxian and Xuzhou. Make-up is just beard and Baotou, damn it. Accompanied by gongs, cymbals and drums, not strings. After the soul-pulling cavity spread to tengxian, all the artists of gongs and drums and poker changed to singing soul-pulling cavity. After liberation, the soul-pulling cavity in Shandong and Jiangsu was called "Liuqin Opera", and the soul-pulling cavity in Shandong was called "Sizhou Opera", but some repertoires and percussion music were retained. Shandong local opera-two strings of northern ci and two strings of northern ci, also known as "four strings". Popular in northwest Shandong, with Gaotang and Linqing as the center. Music and repertoire are basically the same as two-stringed instruments. Erjiaxian is divided into south words and north words, and its north words are equivalent to the big board of four-strand strings. Shandong local opera-Da Di Luo Luo Da Di Luo Luo, also known as "Luozi Opera", "Da Di Opera" and "Luoluotou". Popular in northern Henan and southwestern Shandong. It is a sister play of Liu Zi Opera House and Big Black Opera House. Convolution. There are about 100 kinds of existing folk songs, among which Doll, Goat on a Mountain Slope, Tune, and Chives Flower are commonly used. Music is rougher than Liu Zi's plays, and there is a saying that "refined Luo Zi, refined Liu Zi". Keep some high cavities and Qingyang cavities. Shandong local operas-one hook and one hook, also known as "four-strand string" and "Hexi willow". It was developed on the basis of the flower drum popular in Gaotang area of Shandong Province. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was popular in Gaotang, Xiajin, Dongping, Qihe, Jinan and southern Hebei. It is greatly influenced by Hebei Bangzi. The repertoire mainly reflects folk life. The four-legged string is the main accompaniment instrument. Quyi is a local opera in Shandong Province-Shandong Drum, also known as "Pear Drum" and "Pear Drum". In addition to the book drum, the musical instrument also struck the fragments of pears, the agricultural tools of two herders. The last one uses two pieces of iron or copper, with three strings and four strings. One person sings or two duets, and three or two people accompany them. The lyrics are seven sentences or cross sentences. Usually just sing and don't talk. Traditional songs include "Black Donkey Story", "Serial Dolls" and "Sister Wang Sifu". Shandong local opera-Shandong Qin Shu Shandong Qin Shu originated in Heze, Shandong. Formed 1780 years ago. Post-rural artists went to town to tell stories, calling themselves "Shandong dulcimer" and "the ... civilized piano book". 1934, when Deng Jiuru was singing in Tianjin Radio Station, he was named "Shandong Qin Shu". Give priority to singing, supplemented by speaking. The lyrics are usually seven words. There are one to five singers, mainly dulcimer. The main musical instruments are dulcimer, guzheng, pendant, soft bow, four-Hu, three-string, simple board, disc and so on. The main tracks are "Punch the Town of Kansai" and "Liang Zhu Down the Mountain". Shandong Province Local Opera-Shandong Express Book Shandong Express Book, also known as "Wu Laoer". Popular in Shandong and North China. It was formed during Daoguang and Xianfeng years in Qing Dynasty. At first, there were two photos of actors mastering the beat, and then bamboo boards and copper coins appeared. Copper coins are used a lot now. Generally speaking, standing posture and singing are used to pay attention to "hands, eyes, body steps" and "burden" in performance. The "button" has a wide range of actions. The lyrics are basically seven words, and the actors recite the lyrics and say them in plain English. Plays include Song Wuchuan, Majiadian, Capturing Prisoners, Slaughter, etc.

Question 3: What kinds of operas are there in Shandong? There are many kinds of popular Bangzi operas in Shandong, including Henan Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Liangjia County, Donglu Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi. The operas developed from rap are:

Question 4: What is Lu Opera? There are more than 30 kinds of traditional operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi Opera, Sixian Opera, Elbow Drum Opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap.

Henan Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Liangjia County, Donglu Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi are popular in Shandong. Zhang Lan, Zhu and Zhu, the actors of Henan Opera who won the Plum Blossom Award, are still active on the stage all over Shandong.

String songs are a kind of folk songs. Due to the influence of different regions, accompaniment instruments and other arts, various operas with different styles have been formed. The main operas popular in Shandong are Liu Zi Opera, Heizi Opera and Luozi Opera. Liu Zi Opera, known as "Liu Dong", is one of the most popular and influential operas in Killer Opera. Representative plays include Four Clothes, Four Clothes for Losing Heart, Four Clothes for Yingying, Li Elbow Drum Tune, etc. It is based on the popular yangko and gradually evolved, with sissy as the main tune.

The operas included are Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum. Lu Opera is a representative local opera in Shandong, which is very popular in Shandong.

Lu Opera was developed on the basis of folk rap "Shandong Qin Shu". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Lu Opera got its name. After reform and innovation, it developed rapidly all over the province, affecting Heilongjiang in the north, Jiangsu in the south and Xinjiang in the west. All of them have established Lu Opera art performance groups and become young operas full of vitality. Although the tunes of Lu Opera are few, they are rich in variety, the lyrics are easy to understand, the singing is unpretentious and beautiful, and they have a deep mass base among the people. Most of the traditional Lu operas are based on folk stories, which reflect the daily life of the lower classes. The content shows family ethics, local customs, love and marriage, children's affection. After years of efforts by artists, most of the dramas have strong stories, detailed and vivid plots, rich vocabulary of the masses, simple and natural performances, no strict procedural norms and more life-oriented.

Because Lu Opera expresses folk life and customs in Qilu dialect, it is full of people's feelings and life breath, so it is loved by the masses. Some of his outstanding plays, such as Li Er's wife remarried, Sisters Easy to Marry, Two Ridges of Land, Forced Marriage and Small Borrowing Year, etc. , have been put on the screen, spread to the south of the Saibei River, spread to Hong Kong and Macao, and enjoy a high reputation in China. Shandong is a big province of opera. Take Beijing Opera as an example. There are more than 80 Beijing Opera Troupes in China, and more than 20 in Shandong, accounting for a quarter.

In addition, Shandong is a province with a variety of dramas, such as Shandong Bangzi, Wuyin Opera, Liu Zi Opera and Qiang Mao Opera.

Question 5: Which province does Shandong belong to?

Shandong is one of the earliest areas of drama activities in China. In the Sui Dynasty, Qi advocated fame and fortune in the whole country, and in the Tang Dynasty, Shandong joined the army. It can be said that the long-term popular activities of singing and dancing and the cultivation of outstanding people are an indispensable and important process for the development of China traditional opera. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Zaju, a traditional opera form sung with northern music, came into being. Shandong is one of the main hot areas. There are 28 Lu playwrights recorded in Ghost Record by Zhong Sicheng in Yuan Dynasty and Ghost Record Continuation by Jia in early Ming Dynasty, among which 4 are good at singing. The most prosperous place of traditional drama in China is Dongping. There are 65,438+00 Yuan Song writers in Shandong, such as Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most prominent is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Whirlwind Double Sacrifice" is deeply loved by the people. China traditional opera entered a period of vigorous development in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Li Kaixian's Sword and Kong's Peach Blossom Fan have made outstanding achievements.

There are more than 30 kinds of modern operas, which can be divided into bangzi opera, chord opera, elbow drum opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap. Henan Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Liangjia County, Donglu Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi are popular in Shandong. Zhang Lan, Zhu and Zhu, the actors of Henan Opera who won the Plum Blossom Award, are still active on the stage all over Shandong.

There are mainly Liu Zi Opera, Big Black Opera and Luozi Opera, which are popular folk songs. Liu Zi Opera, known as "Liu Dong", is one of the most popular operas in Xianqiang.

Elbow drum sub-cavity, with "sissy" as the main tone, gradually evolved into a traditional opera voice. The operas included are Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum.

Traditional operas developed from rap are: Lu Opera, Party Opera, Yugu Opera, Donglu Drum Opera, Eight Immortals Opera, Languan Opera and so on.

Question 6: What kinds of operas are there in Shandong? At present, there are more than 30 kinds of traditional operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi Opera, Sixian Opera, Elbow Drum Opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap.

There are many popular Bangzi operas in Shandong, including Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Pingdiao, Donglu Bangzi, Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi. Its epidemic areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai 'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu and Binzhou 10. These operas, except Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi, are all local Bangzi operas.

Elbow drum tune is a traditional opera tune based on the popular ancient painting Yangko, with sissy as the main tune. The operas included are Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum. Liuqin Opera is popular in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. It is named after Qin Liu as the main accompaniment instrument. The elbow drum flowing to Jiaodong and north-central Shandong is divided into East-West Road, elbow drum and other different tributaries. West Road has developed into a five-flirt with Zhangqiu as the center, Jinan and Licheng in the west and Zhangdian and Zhoucun in the east. North Road forms an optical cavity, which is popular in Huimin, Jiyang, Boxing and Guangrao. Donglu Elbow Drum is a unique drama, which is popular in Weifang, Linqu, Linzi, Yiyuan and other places. And this elbow drum developed into "elbow drum" respectively-Qiang Mao and Liu Qiang. Qiang Mao is mainly popular in Zhucheng, Gaomi, Anqiu and Jiaoxian. Liu Qiang is mainly popular in Jimo, Qingdao, Pingdu, Jiaoxian, Laiyang and Yexian.

Question 7: What are the local operas in Shandong Province? Lu opera, also known as "disguised dulcimer" and "Qin opera", is popular in Shandong and some Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. It originated in the Yellow River Delta in the northeast of the mountain and evolved from Qin Shu, Shandong Province, with a history of 65,438+000 years. Dongying City, Shandong Province is the birthplace of Lu Opera, and Shi Dianyuan, a folk artist from Shijia Village, Niuzhuang Town, Dongying District, is the main founder of Lu Opera. Most of the original Lu Opera classes went from village to village and performed in the fields, which had little impact. 19 10 or so. 1953 After the establishment of Shandong Lu Theatre, Lu Opera became a kind of drama that spread all over Shandong and enjoyed a good reputation throughout the country.

The origin of the name

There are many stories about the origin of the name of Lu Opera, which are roughly as follows: First, around 19 15, Shi Dianyuan, an old artist in Shijia Village, Niuzhuang, Guangrao County (now classified as Dongying District), also used paper to paste donkeys.

Dezhou LV troupe

The lip-synching of "Wang Xiao Catches Feet" was welcomed by the masses, so people called it "donkey play". Because this name is unsightly, it was transliterated as "Luxi Opera" after careful consideration by some scholars. Second, 1923, this kind of donkey play entered Jinan House, and its main play was "Dayao in Lv Dongbin". The local people don't know the origin of this play, but they only hear that it is called "donkey play", and because the main play begins with the word "Lu", the audience calls it Lu play. Third, the word "Lu" in Lu's plays was originally based on 25 households. It means neighborhood drama, hometown drama. Later, in the process of tossing and turning, "Lu" was simplified to "Lu". Fourthly, in the past, most piano books were played by couples or families, and the content of singing reflected the love between men and women. Both of them are called "Lu", so they are called Lu Opera. 5. The original name of Lu Opera is "Music Opera". There are two reasons: first, because the piano is the main accompaniment instrument when singing, and the fingers playing the piano move up and down, so it is called playing; Because there are six kinds of yin laws in China's Twelve Musical Laws, which are collectively called "Six", the "Musical Drama" was renamed as "Luxi Drama". There is also a legend that when this drama was named, an old artist said that when it was sung, it was called a stroke. Music is homophonic with Lu, hence the name Lu Opera. Edit the traditional repertoire classification of this paragraph.

The scripts of Lu opera can be roughly divided into two categories: one is a small play, such as Little Lonely Fairy, Wang Borrow, and Xiao Nian, which is its basic play; The other is Liantai drama, which is mostly adapted from the scripts of drum words, novels and piano books, such as Golden Whip, Golden Bracelet Yuhuan and Five Girls in the Prosperous Tang Dynasty. Traditional Chinese opera has a strong flavor of life, uses vivid popular language, is good at expressing different characters and is full of strong appeal. The melody of Lu Opera is simple, simple, beautiful and flexible, and easy to learn and sing. The basic tones are Siping and Baner, sometimes other tunes are used. The main accompaniment instruments are harpsichord, dulcimer, erhu and sanxian. The Origin and Evolution of this Section edited by 25 groups of Luxi Opera and World Cultural Heritage in 2008.

[1] Although Lu Opera is a new kind of drama named after the founding of New China, its performing art form has experienced a long development process. as far back as

Beijing LV troupe

In the middle of Qing Dynasty, there appeared an art form of duet in the rural areas of southern Shandong, which was called "Xiaoquzi". Because its main accompaniment instrument is dulcimer (dulcimer), it is also called dulcimer and dulcimer. Historically, dulcimer was widely popular in the lower reaches of the ancient Yellow River in Henan, Jiangsu, northern Anhui, southern Hebei and individual cities and counties in Northeast China. It first spread in the southwest of Shandong, and gradually extended to the north (Jinan and Huimin areas) and the east (Qingdao and Yantai), with a history of about 200 years. In the process of development, influenced by languages and customs in different regions, three major schools have gradually formed: South Road, North Road and East Road. Their names are also different. For example, Shang Yexing, the artist of Donglu Qin Shu, called this book "Improved dulcimer"; Deng Jiuru, the founder of Qin Shu in the northern foothills, claimed to be a "civilized dulcimer". Until 1933, when Deng Jiuru was broadcasting on Tianjin Radio Station, Shandong Qinshu was named. In the early years of Guangxu, farmers in the north of Guangrao County (formerly known as Le 'an) often carried musical instruments such as playing the piano and playing the festival board with them in order to survive. Start by singing a short piece of piano book, or make up some interesting stories smoothly and sing while playing. Later, they constantly absorbed opera aria and folk tunes to enrich the content and form of their performances. Brothers Zhang Lantian and Zhang Zhitian from Rudong Village once went to Fengyang, Anhui Province to learn from their teachers. The local popular Fengyang songs have a great influence on Qin Shu's performing arts. Artists are constantly pursuing new art forms in their long-term singing practice. Some artists who are good at singing are here.

Question 8: Lu Opera is the most famous opera art in Shandong Province and one of the local operas in Shandong Province. It was once called "disguised dulcimer" and "Qin opera". It evolved from the folk rap art "Qin Shu" (sitting on the piano). Originated in the Yellow River Delta north of Shandong, it is popular in Shandong and parts of Jiangsu and Anhui. Most of the original Lu Opera classes went from village to village and performed in the fields, which had little impact. 19 10 or so. 1953 in the reform of traditional Chinese opera, Lu opera was adapted and named Lu opera. 1953 After the establishment of Shandong Lu Theatre, Lu Opera became a kind of drama that spread all over Shandong and enjoyed a good reputation throughout the country.

Question 9: What kinds of dramas and songs are there in Shandong? Shandong is one of the earliest areas of drama activities in China. The gestation of its dramatic art can be traced back to Qilu State more than two thousand years ago.

In the Han Dynasty, white opera was popular in Shandong. From the stone reliefs unearthed in Shandong Province, we can probably infer the popularity of Bai Opera in Han Dynasty. Stone reliefs from the Han Tomb in Beizhai Village, yinan county, and colored silk paintings unearthed from No.9 Han Tomb in Yinxingshan, Linyi, all describe the performances of hundreds of plays.

In the Sui Dynasty, Qi advocated fame and fortune in the whole country, and in the Tang Dynasty, Shandong joined the army. It can be said that the long-term popular activities of singing, dancing, singing and dancing are an indispensable and important process for the development of Lu Opera. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Zaju, a traditional opera form sung with northern music, came into being. Shandong is one of the main hot areas. There are 28 Lu playwrights recorded in Ghost Record by Zhong Sicheng in Yuan Dynasty and Ghost Record Continuation by Jia in early Ming Dynasty, among which 4 are good at singing. The most prosperous place of traditional drama in China is Dongping. There are 65,438+00 Yuan Song writers in Shandong, such as Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most prominent is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Whirlwind Double Sacrifice" is deeply loved by the people.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Lu Opera entered a period of vigorous development. Li Kaixian's Sword and Kong's Peach Blossom Fan have made outstanding achievements and have the greatest influence. In terms of performances, there are more professional troupes and frequent activities.

By the middle of Qing Dynasty, dozens of different dramas were active in Shandong at the same time. It can be roughly divided into bangzi drama, chord drama, elbow drum drama and so on.

At present, there are more than 30 kinds of traditional operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi Opera, Sixian Opera, Elbow Drum Opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap.

There are many popular Bangzi operas in Shandong, including Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Pingdiao, Liangjia County, Donglu Bangzi, Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi. Its epidemic areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai 'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu and Binzhou 10. These operas, except Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi, are all local Bangzi operas.

Chord tune is a kind of folk ballad, which goes through the chorus stage and then develops into a traditional opera tune. Due to the differences in spreading areas and accompanying instruments, and influenced by other arts, silk stringed instruments have formed different styles of traditional operas, among which Liu Zi Opera, Heizi Opera and Luozi Opera are very popular in Shandong. Liu Zi Opera, known as "Liu Dong", is one of the most popular and influential operas in Xianqiang. Representative plays include Li Yaxian's Four Clothes, The Story of Diusim's Four Clothes, Yingying's Four Clothes, Li Sanniang's Four Clothes, etc. Based on the popular ancient painting Yangko, it gradually evolved into a traditional opera voice with "sissy" as the main tone. The operas included are Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum.

The operas developed from rap are: Lu Opera, Pendant Opera, Yugu Opera, Eight Immortals Opera and Languan Opera.

Question 10: What kind of drama is Shandong Bangzi? Shandong Bangzi is a local opera in Shandong Province, which is popular in Heze, Shandong Province. Because of its ancient name "Cao Zhou", it is also called "Cao Zhou Bangzi". This bangzi system was formed after Shanshan Bangzi was introduced to Shandong via Henan. The main plays are The Story of the Wall and so on.