Rural homestead will explore the mechanism or scheme of voluntary paid withdrawal.

20 15 1 1.3 The General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Comprehensive Implementation Plan for Deepening Rural Reform, which is the top-level design of rural reform in China and the key deployment in the critical period of rural economic and social development.

According to the planning requirements, at present and in the future, deepening rural reform should focus on five major areas: rural collective property rights system, agricultural management system, agricultural support and protection system, urban-rural development integration system and rural social governance system. For the core issues of reform in these five areas, it is necessary to clarify the general direction, main contents and major policy countermeasures, and further clarify the reform ideas.

The reform of property rights system and the method of expanding cultivated land package will come up with specific plans.

We will promote rural land expropriation, the entry of collectively-operated construction land into the market, and the reform of the homestead system. Sum up experience in time, constantly improve, and form replicable and popularized reform results. (The basic idea is shown in the figure. )

Deepen the reform of rural land contract management system. Pay close attention to the revision of relevant laws, implement the central government's major decision on stabilizing rural land contract relationship and keeping it unchanged for a long time, and timely put forward specific plans for the continuation of cultivated land after the expiration of the second round of contracting and during the new contracting period.

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Clear property rights are the core of market economy. At present, China's market-oriented reform is advancing in depth, and the problems of unclear ownership, unclear rights and responsibilities, lax protection and poor circulation of rural collective assets are outstanding. How to make rural "sleeping assets" alive and let farmers enjoy more property rights? It has become an unavoidable problem in the next rural reform.

"Taking the road of market economy and clarifying property rights is an unavoidable topic. The clearer the rural collective property rights, the stronger the vitality of the rural market. " Wang Yukai, a professor at the National School of Administration, believes that the current reform of rural collective property rights system in China is relatively backward, which on the one hand leads to the failure to activate the potential of various rural elements, and on the other hand is not conducive to the protection of farmers' legitimate rights and interests.

This programme focuses on this problem. The plan puts forward that to establish and improve the rural collective property right system that adapts to the requirements of the socialist market economic system and the reality of the primary stage of socialism, we must take the protection of the rights of members of farmers' collective economic organizations as the core, clarify the ownership of rural collective property rights and give farmers more property rights as the focus ... to ensure that the fruits of collective economic development benefit all collective members.

"Vigorously promoting the reform of rural collective property rights system is conducive to expanding the sources of farmers' property income and establishing a long-term mechanism for increasing farmers' income." Ye Xingqing believes that further liberalization of land management rights, launching a pilot project of collectively operated construction land entering the market, and promoting the confirmation of collective assets to households will all become the highlights of future reforms.

Agricultural management system supports migrant workers to return home to run family farms.

Cultivate professional farmers. Formulate special plans and practical policies to attract young people to farm, cultivate new professional farmers and cultivate high-quality new agricultural producers and operators. Support skilled and managerial migrant workers to return home to set up family farms, lead farmers' cooperatives, set up agricultural products processing and marketing enterprises and agricultural socialized service organizations.

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Grain production depends on "386 199" troops, agriculture is aging, there are few successors in agriculture, and production efficiency is low ... "Who will plant the land" and "How to plant the land" restrict China's agriculture to become bigger and stronger.

In this plan, it is proposed to attract young people to farm, cultivate new professional farmers and build a high-quality team of new agricultural producers and operators. It is proposed to speed up the cultivation of new agricultural business entities such as family farms, large professional households, farmers' cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization.

"Compared with small farmers, new agricultural business entities such as family farms and large professional households have certain production funds and scale, which can be operated on a large scale with relatively considerable income and can solve the problem of' who will plant the land'; Professional farmers understand technology and good management, and can also solve the problem of' how to plant land', which is conducive to the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. " Party Guo Ying, a researcher at the Rural Research Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

Experts pointed out that the plan sends a strong signal that the state will vigorously support new professional farmers and new business entities. It is expected that the next fiscal, taxation, financial and other related policies will have obvious tilt in this respect.

The current "three rural subsidies" supporting protection system will be merged.

Establish a stable growth mechanism for agricultural and rural investment. Taking agriculture and rural areas as the priority areas of fiscal expenditure, the investment in the central budget will continue to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas to ensure that the investment in agriculture and rural areas will only increase.

We will carry out the pilot reform of agricultural subsidies, merge the existing "three subsidies" (improved crop varieties subsidies, direct grain subsidies and comprehensive agricultural subsidies) into "agricultural support and protection subsidies", optimize the direction of subsidies, and highlight the protection of cultivated land and food security.

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On the one hand, the growth rate of national fiscal revenue has obviously slowed down. On the other hand, international food prices have remained low. Should we increase investment in agriculture, countryside and farmers? How to reform the agricultural support and protection system? This has become a hot topic from academia to market recently.

"In recent years, some people think that the state's support for agriculture can be weakened when the national grain harvest has been bumper year after year and the international food price has been falling continuously. The document puts forward that agricultural investment will only increase, and agricultural support and protection will continue to increase, which reflects the policy intention of the central government not to relax the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and ensure the top priority of agriculture. " Zheng Fengtian, deputy dean of the School of Agriculture and Rural Development of China Renmin University, said.

The "Planning" clearly proposes to establish a stable growth mechanism for agricultural and rural investment. Taking agriculture and rural areas as the priority areas of fiscal expenditure, the investment in the central budget will continue to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas to ensure that the investment in agriculture and rural areas will only increase.

"The document embodies the new concept that * * * enjoys development, industry feeds back agriculture, and urban and rural areas develop synergistically." Party Guo Ying said.

The Plan also emphasizes optimizing the financial expenditure structure for supporting agriculture. Zheng Fengtian believes that financial support for agriculture does have some problems, such as low efficiency and imprecision, and some special funds related to agriculture have the characteristics of "small, scattered and chaotic". In the future, financial support for agriculture will first be inclined to large grain growers and major producing areas, which is also conducive to the transformation of agriculture.

(The above answers were published on 2015-11-03. Please refer to the actual situation for the current purchase policy. )

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