The Inheriting Limitation of Li Nationality's Traditional Spinning, Dyeing, Weaving and Embroidery Techniques

Due to the impact of social changes and modernization, the traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery skills of the Li nationality are in an endangered state. Mainly manifested in:

1. Lack of successors. After the 1950s, the society in the Li nationality area has undergone tremendous changes. With the rapid development of economic construction and various social undertakings, the backward traffic and information occlusion in mountainous areas have undergone fundamental changes, and the self-sufficient natural economy of men's farming and women's weaving has been destroyed. Necessities such as clothing and accessories no longer need to be done by themselves as before, and young people are eager to rearrange their lives. There are fewer and fewer people who like traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery techniques. According to our research, except for a few young people who know some brocade skills and embroidery, few young people have learned the skills of spinning and dyeing.

2. Lack of raw materials. The lack of raw materials is an important reason why traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery techniques cannot be completely passed down. Because the Li people don't grow cotton for a long time, perennial cotton is only distributed sporadically in the Li people, and foreign cotton yarn replaces local yarn. Other fiber materials needed for Li Jin's production, such as bark fiber, hemp fiber and rattan fiber, have been increasingly lacking due to the development and construction in mountainous areas in recent decades. Li women can use a variety of raw materials to dye yarn and cloth, but there are fewer and fewer dyeing factories. In order to find a dye factory, they often have nowhere to look. In addition, people now buy more ready-made color lines, and their understanding of dyes is getting weaker and weaker.

The traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery skills of Li nationality are a kind of textile skills created by Li nationality women in Hainan, China. It integrates spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery, and makes clothes and other daily necessities with fibers such as cotton thread and hemp thread.

Li women learned tie-dyed yarn, Shuang Mianxiu and single-sided jacquard from their mothers at an early age. Mother teaches skills through words and deeds. Li women only design textile patterns with rich imagination and understanding of traditional styles. In the absence of words, these patterns become the recorders of Li history, cultural legends, religious ceremonies, taboos, beliefs, traditions and folk customs. Li Jin is an indispensable part of important social and cultural occasions of Li nationality, such as some religious ceremonies and various festivals, especially wedding occasions. On these important days, Li women will design their own clothes. As the carrier of Li culture, Li Jin's traditional textile skills are an indispensable part of Li cultural heritage.

However, in recent decades, the number of women who have mastered weaving and embroidery skills has decreased sharply, and Li Jin's traditional textile skills are on the verge of extinction, which needs urgent protection.